1. Carving

2. Subtractive vs. Additive
Subtractive sculpture involves the removal of material from a solid mass - through cutting, chiseling, chipping, or scraping away
Additive sculpture is the process of creating sculpture by adding material to create the work. It refers to all other types of sculpture other than the subtractive.

3. Subtractive Sculpture
What materials could you use for a subtractive sculpture?

4. Subtractive Food Sculpture

11. Subtractive Soap Sculpture

16. Wood Carvings

23. Bone Carvings

25. Created between 500 and 1000 AD, this carved bone finial likely once graced the head of a ritual staff-like implement of a shaman.

26. Throughout Middle America vultures are commonly affiliated with the celestial realm; jaguars with the terrestrial realm; and serpents with the watery underworld. In this example one creature from each "level" is positioned in relation to the central shaman- the vulture is perched above his head, the serpent between his legs, and, in lieu of the common jaguar, an apparently lizard-like creature is held upside down on the shaman's back.

29. Stone Sculpture

36. The Great Sphinx of Giza (Arabic: أبو الهول‎ Abū al Hūl, English: The Terrifying One), commonly referred to as the Sphinx, is a limestone statue of a reclining or sphinx (a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head) that stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt. The face of the Sphinx is generally believed to represent the face of the Pharaoh Khafra.
It is the largest monolith statue in the world, standing 241 ft long, 63 ft wide, and 66.34 ft high. It is the oldest known monumental sculpture, and is commonly believed to have been built by ancient Egyptians of the Old Kingdom during the reign of the Pharaoh Khafra (c. 2558–2532 BC).

38. Sand Sculpture

44. Constantin Brancusi: Bird in Space
From the 1920s to the 1940s Brancusi was preoccupied by the theme of a bird in flight. He concentrated not on the physical attributes of the bird but on its movement. In "Bird in Space" wings and feathers are eliminated, the swell of the body is elongated, and the head and beak are reduced to a slanted oval plane.

45. Balanced on a slender conical footing, the figure's upward thrust is unfettered. Brancusi's inspired abstraction realizes his stated intent to capture "the essence of flight." This particular conception of "Bird in Space" is the first in a series of seven sculptures carved from marble and nine cast in bronze, all of which were painstakingly smoothed and polished.

46. Plaster Carving

56. For this project, we will be…
Creating a plaster carving
We will mix our plaster in cardboard containers
Once dry, we will carve into the plaster on 5-6 sides to create an interesting sculpture

57. To begin, sketch 2 ideas for a possible sculpture
Make sure to include all views of the sculpture
Take into consideration how you will achieve the design you intend to create (it’s great to have an amazing design, just be sure you will be able to create it)