1. Overview of harvesting system Planning Falling and bucking Transport Loading Yarding Unloading Road construction

2. Planning Reconnaissance Road and cutblock layout Permits Contract management

5. Need to know for road layout Constraints imposed by; Users Environment (wildlife, hydrology, geology…) Construction methods Economics (delivered wood cost compared to value) Design methods Grade and centerline layout Curve layout Crossing design Mass haul

6. Road Construction Subgrade Ballast (surface course) Crossings

18. Need to know for road layout Environmental constraints Users, productivity and safety (dictates geometry of road) How much material (and what type) has to be excavated and moved? What structures have to be constructed What is the cost

19. Example Road Cost (5m stabilized road surface) CriteriaCost $/lineal meter No rock, 0 -1m cut at centerline30-50 No rock,1-3m cut at centerline50-70 No rock, 3m cut at centerlineDetailed estimate Toe rock, 0 -1m cut at centerline50-70 Toe rock,1-3m cut at centerline70-90 Toe rock, 3m cut at centerlineDetailed estimate Rock at CL, 0 -1m cut at centerline70-90 Rock at CL,1-3m cut at centerline90-110 Rock at CL, 3m cut at centerlineDetailed estimate End Haul cost depends on volume removed and distance to spoil site Ballasting cost will depend on quarry or fluvial deposit