1. The Ballad The Ode The Sonnet The Lyric The Monologue The Elegy

2.  Is one of the earliest poetic forms, is narrative and has a song-like quality  Employs dialogue, repetition, minor characterization  Written in quatrains  Basic rhyme schemes abcb  Two lines of iambic tetrameter (8 syllables) mixed with two lines of iambic trimeter (6 syllables).

3.  A lyric is short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker.  Often written in the first person, lyric poetry traditionally has a songlike immediacy and emotional force.

4.  A speaker who is patently not the poet, relates an episode in his life through a conversational format.  The conversation reveals the character and temperament of the speaker.  The speaker addresses or interacts with one or more persons and relays this information to the reader.

5.  Ode, dignified and elaborately structured lyric poem praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature intellectually rather than emotionally.  Odes originally were songs performed to the accompaniment of a musical instrument.

6.  A formal lyric poem written in honor of someone who has died.  Three stages of loss: ◦ First, laments the loss, the speaker expresses grief and sorrow. ◦ Then, expresses praise or admiration of the idealized person. ◦ Finally, consolation and solace.

7.  A sonnet is a traditional and widely used verse form, especially popular for love poetry. ◦ Sonnet comes from the Italian sonnetto: “little song.”  The sonnet is a fixed form of fourteen lines, traditionally written in iambic pentameter, usually made up of an octave (the first eight lines) and a concluding sestet (six lines). ◦ There are, however, several variations, most conspicuously the Shakespearean, or English sonnet, which consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet. ◦ Most sonnets turn, or shift in tone or focus, after the first eight lines, although the placement may vary.

8.  The English sonnet has a rhyme scheme organized into three quatrains with a final couplet: abab cdcd efef gg.  The poem may turn, that is, shift in mood or tone, between any of the quatrains (although it usually occurs on the ninth line).  It is also called a Shakespearean sonnet.

9.  An Italian sonnet is a sonnet with the following rhyme pattern for the first eight lines (the octave): abba, abba; the final six lines (the sestet) may follow any pattern of rhymes, as long as it does not end in a couplet.  The poem traditionally turns, or shifts in mood or tone, after the octave.  It is also called a Petrarchan sonnet.