1. The Art Principles
The Art Principles are the ways in which the Art Elements are arranged to create a successful artwork.

2. The 11 Art Principles Emphasis Contrast Movement Rhythm Repetition
Pattern
Variety
Proportion
Transition/Gradation
Balance
Unity

3. EMPHASIS
EMPHASIS is used to create focus and dominance in an artwork. It’s the main object or focal point.
It can be create by objects or the use of lines, shapes and colors.
What is the Emphasis in this painting?
Woman Seated by Edouard Vuillard

4. CONTRAST
Definition: Contrast is a principle of design that emphasizes differences between the art elements. Opposites.
Dark & light values
Vertical & horizontal lines
Rough & smooth textures
Warm & cool colors
Geometric & organic shapes

5. Identify all the CONTRASTS
Flower Beds in Holland by Van Gogh

6. VARIETY
Variety is the quality achieved when the art elements are combined in various combinations to increase visual interest.
For example, a combination of warm & cool colors in an artwork would provide more variety & contrast than a painting that used strictly cool colors.
Van Gogh’s Houses at Auvers

7. How is VARIETY used in this painting?

8. MOVEMENT
Definition: Visual Movement is used by the artist to direct the viewer through the artwork.
Movement can be directed along lines, edges, shapes and colors.

9. HOW IS MOVEMENT USED? Purple Robe by Henri Matisse
Jackson Pollack’s Abstraction

10. RHYTHM
Rhythm refers to a way of repeating art elements to produce the look and feel of rhythmic movement with a visual tempo or beat.
The Art Elements: Line, shape, color, and texture can be repeated.

11. What Art Elements are repeated to create RHYTHM?
Are lines repeated?
Are shapes repeated?
Are colors repeated?
Are textures repeated?
Are values repeated?
Vincent Van Gogh’s Iris’s

12. Repetition
Repetition is a way of combining art elements so that the same elements are used over and over.
A repeated pattern.
Jim Dine’s Hearts

13. Identify the REPETITIONS in this painting.
Andy Warhol’s Mickey Mouse
Andy Warhol’s 100 Cans of Campbell Soup

14. PATTERN
PATTERN is a repetition of an art element: line, shape, color, or texture & used for surface decoration.
M.C. Escher’s Angels & Devils

15. Identify PATTERNS in the Painting.
Are lines repeating?
Are shapes repeating?
Are colors repeating?
Are values repeating?
Are textures repeating?
Purple Robe by Henri Matisse

16. Proportion
Proportion is the relationship in size of one component of an artwork to another. It could be a deliberate exaggeration or a technical device to achieve realism.
Henri de Toulouse Lautrec

17. Identify the different Proportions.
Rene Magritte’s Golconde
Maurice Sendak’s Knight Kitchen

18. Transition/Gradation
Transition/Gradation is the Principle of Design that deals with a series of gradual changes between an art element.
For example, a value gradation can be light, medium & dark blue.
Monet’s Stack of Wheat

19. Identify the Transitions/Gradations within the work.
Picasso’s Guernica
Eustache le Sueur’s, Meeknes

20. BALANCE
Definition: Balance refers to the visual weight or achievement of equilibrium within the work of art.
There are 3 types of balance: Symmetrical. Asymmetrical, & Radial.
SYMMETRICAL Balance organizes the art elements so that one side mirrors the other side.
ASYMMETRICAL Balance organizes the art elements so that they have equal weight on both sides without being the same.
RADIAL Balance is where the art elements branch or radiate out from a central point.

21. What Type of Balance is Used?
ASYMMETRICAL
RADIAL
SYMMETRICAL
School of Athens by Raphael

22. What type of BALANCE is used?
Asymmetrical
Radial
Symmetrical

23. What type of BALANCE is used?
Asymmetrical
Radial
Symmetrical
Hercules and the Hydra by Gustave Moreau

24. UNITY
Definition: Unity refers to the visual quality of wholeness or oneness that is achieved through the effective use of the Art Elements and Principles of Design.
Nothing more needs to be added or subtracted. The work is complete.

25. Why does this painting achieve UNITY?
Why do the Art Elements work?
Why do the Art Principles work?
Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh

26. How are the Art Principles used?
Emphasis
Contrast
Movement
Rhythm
Pattern
Balance
Unity
Houses at Chatou Crossing by Maurice de Vlaminck

27. Vocabulary Review 1. Asymmetrical 8. Repetition 15. Movement
2. Contrast
9. Emphasis
16. Rhythm
3. Variety
10. Radial
17. Proportion
4. Atmospheric
Perspective
11. Representation
18. Analogous
color
5. Gradation
12. Focal point
19. Foreground
6. Monochromatic
13.
3-Dimensional
20. Non-
Objective
7. Intensity
14. Abstract
21. Hue