1. Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Kaizilege Karoma CS200 - Computer

2. 2 Introduction to Computers

3. 3 Contents: The term, computer Categories of computers Basic concepts The components of a computer Advantages & Disadvantages of using computers

4. 4 What Is A Computer? A computer is an electronic device, that can accept data (input), manipulate data (process), produce information (output) from the processing and store information (storage). Generally, the term is used to describe a collection of devices that function together as a system.

5. 5 What Does A Computer Do? Computers can perform four general operations, which comprise the information processing cycle. Input Process Output Storage

6. 6 Categories of Computers Personal Computers (desktop) Mobile Computers (PDA, Laptop) Mini Computers Mainframe computers Super computers Embedded Computers

7. 7 Two main parts of a computer Hardware: The physical equipment that used in a computer system “Touchable part of a computer”

8. 8 … Two main parts of a computer Software: The program that can be used with a computer system. “Untouchable part of a computer”

9. 9 Computer Software Computer software is the key to productive use of computers. Software can be categorized into two types: Operating system software Application software.

10. 10 Operating System Software Operating system software tells the computer how to perform the functions of loading, storing and executing an application and how to transfer data. Today, many computers use an operating system that has a graphical user interface (GUI) that provides visual clues such as icons to help the user.

11. 11 Example of Operating System Software Windows (XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10) Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora, RedHat, Suse, Debian) Unix OS x

12. 12 Application Software Application Software consists of programs that tell a computer how to produce information. Some of the more commonly used packages are: Word processing spreadsheet Database Presentation Software

13. 13 What Are The Primary Components Of A Computer ? Input devices. Central Processing Unit (containing the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit). Memory. Output devices. Storage devices.

14. 14 Devices that comprise a computer system Monitor Keyboard System Unit Speaker Mouse Scanner Storage Devices

15. Input Devices

16. 16 Input Devices Keyboard. Mouse. Scanner Barcode reader Microphone Game pad

17. 17 Output Devices A monitor (Computer screen) Printer Speakers Projector Plotters

18. Output Devices

19. 19 Both Input and Output Devices Modem Network card Touch Screen Headset (Microphone + Speaker) Audio cards

20. 20 Storage Devices Hard Disk Flash Drive External Hard Drive Smart Cards Re-writable CD/DVD Magnetic tape

22. 22 Advantages of using Computers

23. 23 Advantages of using Computers Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communication

24. Disadvantages of Using Computers

25. 25 Disadvantages of using computers Violation of privacy Public safety Impact on labor force Health risks

26. 26

27. 27 Malicious Computer Programs

28. 28 Computer Virus Is a piece of code that is secretly introduced into a system in order to corrupt it or destroy data.

29. 29 Computer Worm Is a self-replicating computer program. It uses a network to send copies of itself to other computers.

30. 30 Trojan Horse Computer program hidden in another good computer program with the purpose of destroying software or collecting information about the use of the computer.

31. 31 Spyware Software that sends information about web surfing habits to its website. Spyware is often installed without the user ’ s knowledge or explicit permission.

32. 32 Adware Software installed on users computer along with other free software. It is used to track your internet habits.

33. 33 Safe Computing

34. 34 Unplug before cleaning. Place on a stable surface. Do not use near water or spill liquid on or into any part of the computer. Use grounded power outlet. Do not walk on power cord or allow anything to rest on it. Never insert objects into ventilation slots. Unplug system and have serviced if: Power cord or plug is damaged. Liquid has been spilled into the system. System is dropped or cabinet is damaged. Computer Safety

35. 35  Keep virus protection up to date.  Run ScanDisk periodically.  Don’t use floppy disks with loose shutters.  Dust system frequently.  Keep system away from chalk dust.  Unplug the computer before cleaning.  Do not spray cleaning liquids onto any part of the computer.  Do not block or cover any openings on the monitor or System Unit. Keep Your Computer Healthy

36. 36 Thank you