1. MAXIMIZING ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL WELFARE THROUGH LOCALISED INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: CHAPANANGA CHIKWAWA Presented by : Kettie Harawa Country Director Water For People –Malawi kharawa@waterforpeople.org orkharawa@waterforpeople.org Kettie.harawa@strath.ac.uk At IWA WASAMA Conference BICC-Malawi 21 st March 2016 1

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE: Introduction Methodology Results and Analysis Discussions and Conclusion 2

3. INTRODUCTION 3 Malawi has achieved the MDG target on Water. Yet 30% of water points are not functional at any given time (JSPR, 2011) The SDG 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all SDG 6.5: Calls for IWRM implementation 2012 Water For People and UoS started implementing IWRM in 18 villages of Chikwawa –chapananga.

4. INTRODUCTION: KEY CAUSES OF NON FUNCTIONALITY 4 The key causes of non-functionality are poor management of the water points, specifically the governance structure and the financing mechanism for maintenance, repairs and replacement (Chowns, 2014). Very few people understand how much a water point costs. Only two Users (1%) and nine Managers (9%) thought they knew the cost of a water point, but 264 almost all substantially underestimated the amount

5. Water For People Implementation Partner University of Strathclyde Lead Partner IWRM Researchers Local Government DCT Chikwawa Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Development Scottish Government Grant to University of Strathclyde INTRODUCTION : IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURE

6. INTRODUCTION TO IWRM 6 IWRM: as a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximise economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems

7. METHODOLOGY : SOME OF THE IWRM COMPONENTS IMPLEMENTED 7 Community participation Women were encouraged to be assertive and take up leadership positions Committees have 60% women representation Trained in both management and technical aspects of water resource management together with men

8. METHODOLOGY : SOME OF THE IWRM COMPONENTS IMPLEMENTED At what cost Operational Cost (OPEX) Mantenance Cost Costs maintenance and minor replacements U seals O-rings Centralizers Bush bearings Bobbins Plungers Cap seals 8 Transport costs for WPC member when buying spare parts for minor maintenance Lunch allowances for WPC member when travelling outside their area to buy spare parts Fees for area mechanics

9. METHODOLOGY : SOME OF THE IWRM COMPONENTS IMPLEMENTED At what cost Income and Expenditure Repairs Maintenance Replacement Capital Expenses Drilling costs Civil works Pump installation Pump replacement 9 Sources of income Tariff collected from household Water point Bank Fines Permaculture Bank interests EXPENSES

10. METHODOLOGY : SOME OF THE IWRM COMPONENTS IMPLEMENTED Water Point Banking The establishment of tariff structure to recover full costs and be converted to savings, which can be loaned out at an agreed interest rate to the users, further building financial capital for pump management. 10 The Bar charts below show the savings per water point, comparing between those with WPB and those without.

11. METHODOLOGY : SOME OF THE IWRM COMPONENTS IMPLEMENTED Development of gardens to use excess borehole water and local resources to grow crops, which generates income –No water is wasted 11 Permaculture

12. ADOPTION & REPLICATION  The following research questions were developed to ascertain the implementation and replication; Communities were oriented about Freshwater being a finite resource, hence the need for practicing permaculture, but is it being implemented? what economic/ social benefits does it bring to the users? Communities were oriented on water as both a social and economic good, but are people paying the water tariff? And what economic/social benefit is it to the water users? The IWRM activities are being implemented in the 18 targeted villages, but is it going beyond the targeted communities? As such a study was conducted to assess implementation of the IWRM activities especially the permaculture, water point banking and how it benefits the communities. 12

13. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS: ADOPTION ND REPLICATION 13 At What Cost and Water Point Banking:

14. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS Despite targeting 18 communities, there are 36 functional water point gardens 14 Permaculture:

15. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS Despite targetting 18 communities, there are 36 functional water point gardens 15 Permaculture:

16. CONCLUSION From this Paper, the At What Cost model helps the communities come up with a proper tariff structure and the Water Point Banking keeps them engaged even after direct project implementation as they benefit by borrowing money from the Bank the Permaculture gardens also keep communities engaged From this paper, therefore, it can be concluded that when communities are actively engaged, there is transparency and accountability and where communities, see immediate social and economic benefits in investing in water, they will adopt the approaches. Thereby making the water resources sustainable and in turn improving the wellbeing of women, men and children. 16

17. 17 Together we can make everyone in Malawi have access to safe water and adequate Sanitation Always