1. Figure 1. Emission Levels, Reference Case Projections for 2010 and 2020, and Target Caps for Electricity Generators 199720102020Target 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 Thousand Tons per Year Nitrogen Oxides 6191 4340 4480 1548 1997 20102020Target 0 4,000 8,000 12,000 16,000 Thousand Tons per Year Sulfur Dioxide 13090 9700 8950 2240 199020102020Target 0 200 400 600 800 Million MetricTons Carbon Equivalent per Year Carbon Dioxide 475 691 773 475 199920102020Target 0 15 30 45 60 Tons per Year Mercury 43 46 45 4.3

2. 0 2 4 6 8 10 199019992005201020152020 With Emissions Limits Figure 2. Electricity Prices With and Without Emissions Limits, 1990-2020 (1999 cents per kilowatthour) Without Emissions Limits

3. 197019801990200020102020 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits HistoryProjections Figure 3. Electricity Sales With and Without Emissions Limits, 1970-2020 (billion kilowatthours)

4. Figure 4. Projected Electricity Generation from Coal, Natural Gas, and Renewable Fuels (Excluding Cogenerators) With and Without Emissions Limits, 2010 and 2020 (billion kilowatthours) Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 CoalNatural GasRenewables 20102020 Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits

5. Figure 5. Sulfur Dioxide Allowance Price With and Without Emissions Limits, 2005-2020 (1999 dollars per ton) 2005201020152020 0 200 400 Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits

6. 2005201020152020 0 25 50 75 100 125 With Emissions Limits Figure 6. Carbon Dioxide Allowance Price, 2005-2020 (1999 dollars per metric ton carbon equivalent)

7. 2005201020152020 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 With Emissions Limits Figure 7. Nitrogen Oxides Allowance Price, 2005-2020 (1999 dollars per ton)

8. Figure 8. Mercury Allowance Price, 2005-2020 (million 1999 dollars per ton) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2005201020152020 With Emissions Limits

9. Unscrubbed Coal Plant Without SCRScrubbed Coal Plant With SCR 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Sulfur Dioxide Carbon Dioxide Mercury Figure 9. Impact of 2010 Allowance Prices on Coal Plant Operating Costs (1999 cents per kilowatthour)

10. 0 50 100 150 200 Figure 10. Impacts of Emission Limits on Cumulative Resource Costs for Electricity Generation, 2001-2020 (billion 1999 dollars) Change from Reference Case Without Emissions Limits 177

11. 199019992005201020152020 0 1 2 3 4 Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits Figure 11. Natural Gas Wellhead Prices With and Without Emissions Limits, 1990-2020 (1999 dollars per thousand cubic feet)

12. 197019801990200020102020 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 Without Emissions Limits With Emissions Limits HistoryProjections Figure 12. Coal Production With and Without Emissions Limits, 1970-2020 (million short tons)

13. Figure 13. Impacts of Emission Limits on Delivered Energy Consumption in the Reference Case, 2010 and 2020 (quadrillion Btu) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation 20102020

14. Figure 14. Allowance Prices Based on Emission Caps in the Smith/Voinovich/Brownback Analysis 2020 Allowance Prices Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides in 1999 Dollars per Ton Mercury in 1999 Dollars per Pound 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 Reference75 Percent 0 15,000 30,000 45,000 60,000 75,000 90,000 Nitrogen Oxides Sulfur Dioxide Mercury 85,000 1,737 2,825 200

15. Figure 15. Changes in Cumulative Resource Costs of Electricity Generation in the Smith/Voinovich/Brownback Cases