1. Nouns
Countable
(plural, singular)
Uncountable
(only singular)

2. How to make plural forms.
-es
-ies
-ves
o-es/s
Exceptions I
Exceptions II

3. The plural form of most nouns is created simply by adding the letter 's' to the end of the word . Cat dog s pat

4. Nouns that end in -ch, -x, -s, -sh, -z -s, -es, the plural is formed by adding 'es' to the end of the word.
church - churches
box - boxes
gas - gases
bush - bushes
ass - asses

5. Nouns ending in a consonant + y, drop the y and add 'ies'.
party - parties
lady - ladies
but: boy - boys

6. Most nouns ending in -o also form their plurals by adding 'es'.
potato - potatoes
tomato - tomatoes
BUT:
photo - photos radio – radios
piano - pianos kilo - kilos
zoo-zoos disco – discos
video – videos stereo – stereos
studio - studios

7. Most nouns ending in -f or -fe, drop the f and add 'ves'.
half - halves
wolf - wolves
BUT:
roof - roofs
safe - safes

8. Exceptions I: child - children person - people foot - feet
mouse - mice
tooth - teeth
man – men
woman – women
ox – oxen
goose - geese

9. Exceptions II:
sheep – sheep
deer – deer
fish – fish
swine - swine