2.  10 short questions (multiple choice)  5 2-line questions  1 essay question  Quality of English not assessed  Ability to demonstrate understanding of theme

3. Week 11

4.  Migrant: ″an individual who has resided in a foreign country for more than one year irrespective of the causes, voluntary or involuntary, and the means, regular or irregular, used to migrate.″ (UN definition)  https://www.iom.int/cms/en/sites/iom/home/about-migration/key-migration-terms-1.html#Asylum-Seeker

5.  Refugee - A person who, "owing to a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinions, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country.  https://www.iom.int/cms/en/sites/iom/home/about-migration/key-migration-terms-1.html#refugee

6.  Asylum seeker - A person who seeks safety from persecution or serious harm in a country other than his or her own and awaits a decision on the application for refugee status under relevant international and national instruments.  https://www.iom.int/cms/en/sites/iom/home/about-migration/key-migration-terms-1.html#Asylum-Seeker

7.  Sans-papiers  Clandestins, travailleurs clandestins  Demandeurs d’asile  Most entered country legally  Migrants

8.  How many migrants really travel through Europe?  Where do migrants come from?  Where do they go?  How do different countries deal with migrants?  What is the European legislation on migration?  What happens to migrants in France?

11.  2012: 1.7m legal immigrants to EU  2013: 108,000 irregular migrants across Mediterranean  2014 : 276,000 (+155% on 2013)  2015 : 1,393,285  80% of world’s refugees in developing countries  Pakistan : 1.6m refugees

26.  Common European Asylum System  Dublin Regulation: asylum claim is responsibility of member state which played the greatest part in applicant’s entry to EU  Implications for Greece and Italy  Eurodac: fingerprint database

28.  Asylum status requirements: fleeing persecution, would face harm or death if returned to country of origin  « Push-backs » (non-refoulement) banned in EU  Asylum seeker rights: food, first aid, shelter  Individual assessment of needs  Should be granted right to seek work after 9 months

29.  2013: 435,760 asylum claims in Europe  + 30% on 2012  End 2013: 352,000 still awaiting decision  2013: 1/3 of claims successful  Fewer than 100,000 Syrians given asylum in EU  2014 (1st half): 60,800 asylum claims in Southern Europe  + 73% on 2013  UNHCR statistics

30.  Agreement to relocate 160,000 migrants across Europe (Sept 2015)  April 2016: 937 people relocated  EU agreement to return illegal migrants in Greece back to Turkey  One Syrian returned = One Syrian in Turkey settled in Europe  http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35854413 http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35854413

31. The Calaisis and the International Situation

32.  Autumn 1999: creation of the Sangatte centre  5th November 2002: Sangatte closes  23rd September 2009: closing of the ‘jungle’ of Calais  May – July 2014: evictions from the camps  August 2014: violent skirmishes between migrants in Calais  2 nd September 2014: Creation of a reception centre proposed  January 2015: Beginning of the setting up of the Centre Jules Ferry

33.  3,500 people (6,000 last summer)  Syrians, Afghans, Eritreans….  300 unaccompanied children  Qualid conditions  « Lieux de vie » - restaurants, schools, theatre, churches, mosque…

34.  http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/calais-crisis-day-life-migrants-jungle-preparing- cross-into-britain-video-1514582 http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/calais-crisis-day-life-migrants-jungle-preparing- cross-into-britain-video-1514582

36.  February 2016: Local « préfet » agrees to dismantle southern part of jungle  Aim to reduce size of camp by half  Migrants to be re-housed in containers

37.  http://theworldwidetribe.com/2016/04/the-aftermath/ http://theworldwidetribe.com/2016/04/the-aftermath/

40.  24,000 over 2 years (Oct 2015)  512 have been settled so far…