1. THE MARWANID CALIPHATE ‘ABD AL-MALIK (685-705) and AL-WALID (705-715)

2. The Empire of the Marwanids

3. ‘ABD AL-MALIK and his successors Abd al-Malik (685-705) Al-Walid (705-715): son of Abd al-Malik Sulayman (715-717): son of Abd al-Malik ‘Umar II (717-720): nephew of Abd al-Malik Yazid II (720-724): son of Abd al-Malik Hisham (724-743): son of Abd al-Malik Al-Walid II (743-744): nephew of Hisham Yazid III and Ibrahim (744): sons of al-Walid I Marwan II (744-750): nephew of Abd al-Malik

4. Monetary Reform of Abd al-Malik Byzantine solidus or nomisma: gold coin, 4.5 grams Constans II (641- 668)

5. A Byzantine challenge Solidi of Justinian II (685-695)

6. Abd al-Malik: a failed reform A Muslim figural coinage: The cross uncrossed The three figures: counterparts to Christ?

7. A second reform effort: imperial iconography The standing caliph and uncrossed cross

8. At last, an Islamic coinage Abd al-Malik’s reform dinar, 696-7 Gold, 4.25 grams NO images, just Muslim statements of faith

9. Silver: from Sasanian iconography to Islam The image of the King of Kings “In the name of God”

10. A new silver coin: the dirham 2.97 grams Formal exchange rate with the gold dinar: 14:1

11. Islam supreme: the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem

12. The Dome of the Rock in modern dress

13. A sacred space-- but in just what sense?

14. Islamic mosque or Byzantine martyrium?

15. How is the Dome of the Rock organized?

16. Islam as an imperial religion: the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus

17. From temple to church to mosque

18. The prayer hall

19. The shape of the Umayyad Mosque

20. Mosque or Palace?

21. The Palace of Theoderic (ca. 500): St Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna

22. Grandeur

23. A vision of Paradise?