1. Unit 5

2.   Progressivism is a reform movement that attempted to address many of the social problems created by industrialization.  The areas they focused reforms on were society, the workplace, and the government.  Can you think of anyone that we’ve talked about recently that you think would be a Progressive? Progressivism

3.   W.E.B. Du Bois – The Niagra Movement and NAACP attempted to secure civil rights for African-Americans.  Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives was a photographic representation of immigration and poverty.  Jane Addams – Hull House attempted to help immigrants acclimate to their new society. Progressivism

4.   Muckraker was a term applied to individuals who “raked the muck up” from society.  The issues they highlighted motivated early Progressive reformers.  Examples of Muckrakers include:  Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives  Upton Sinclair – The Jungle  Ida Tarbell – Wrote a report that highlighted the ruthless business tactics of Rockefeller and Standard Oil Muckrakers

5.   Most society reform was targeted in the cities.  Tenement living was uncomfortable and unsafe.  Acts like New York’s 1901 Tenement Act put requirements on landlords to make life cleaner and safer.  The measures taken in New York were so successful many other cities emulated them Reforming Society

6.   Progressives and Labor Unions worked to improve work conditions and hiring practices.  They wanted to eliminate child labor and limit the workday of women.  They also worked to establish a minimum wage law.  After the tragic Triangle Shirtwaist Fire many fire-safety laws were passed in New York  Many unions successfully use strikes to shorten the work week and raise wages. Reforming the Workplace

7.   Progressives wanted to eliminate corruption from government at all levels.  In an effort to make elections more fair they favored the direct primary. Define!  They also backed the 17 th Amendment (1913), which made U.S. Senators elected by the people, not appointed by state legislators.  In addition the initiative, referendum, and recall are called for.  Initiative – allows for a proposed law to be put on a ballot for public approval or rejection  Referendum – allows for a passed law to be put on a ballot for public approval or rejection  Recall – Allowed for the removal of an elected official with a special election. Reforming the Government

8.   One societal goal that gained popularity in the early 1900s was the Prohibition movement.  The goal was to Prohibit any making, selling, and distribution of alcohol for the purpose of consumption.  What would motivate this?  One famous Prohibitionist was Carrie Nation who would enter bars and bash liquor bottles with a hatchet.  This movement led to the passage of the infamous Eighteenth Amendment which prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcohol.  A short video! A short video! Prohibition

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11.   In 1869 Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)  1869 also saw the formation of the American Woman Suffrage Association led by Henry Ward Beecher  These groups both fought for Women’s Suffrage (the right for Women to vote.)  In 1890 they merged into the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Women Get the Vote Susan B. Anthony

12.   In 1869 the Wyoming Territory grants women the right to vote. In 1870 the Utah Territory does the same.  Between 1869 and 1906 Susan B. Anthony speaks in front of every Congress in the nation to promote Women’s Suffrage.  In 1872 she led a protest in which herself and three associates voted illegally in New York.  1875 saw the Supreme Court decide that citizenship did not grant women the right to vote.  Susan B. Anthony died in 1906, but women like Lucy Burns continued to fight. Lucy Burns  As a result women gain the right to vote in 1920 with the 19 th Amendment. Women Get the Vote