1. Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program Penn State University Lyn Garling 814-863-8884 Email: ljg5@psu.edu Website: www.paipm.org

2.  Unique health aspects of pest management  Risks of pests and pesticides  How IPM reduces risks  Think of action items for YOUR center  Learn more - IPM education & training products 2

3. Seven Principles of a Healthy Home Keep it: Ventilated Dry Clean Safe (injuries) Maintained Contaminant-free Pest-free

4.  Both contribute to poor indoor air quality  Both can be hazardous to children  Pests (roaches, mice, rats & others) ◦ Trigger allergic reactions and asthma ◦ Can spread diseases ◦ Distracting and gross  Pesticides are made on purpose to be toxic ◦ Acute and chronic health effects ◦ Special sensitivity of children to toxins ◦ Commonly used indoors for decades

5. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 5 AntsBirds CockroachesBats FliesRacoons WaspsDeer Bed bugsCats Head liceWeeds Fleas *A pest is a living thing in a place we don’t want it! Pests may include almost anything: insects, birds, mammals, fungi, bacteria and plants.

6. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 6 #1 Health Issues  Bite or sting  May spread bacterial or viral diseases  Contaminate food  Trigger asthma

7. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 7 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an approach to controlling pests in safer, more effective, and longer-lasting ways. IPM Methods: understand a pest's identity and habits focus on PREVENTION use a combination of different tactics for best results if needed, choose least-risky chemicals

8. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 8 Find out what it is AND Understand its life cycle and needs. When you use IPM Mosquito life cycle Cockroach life cycle

9. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 9 Find out how many and where they are. How many are too many in this spot?

10. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 10 Decide what to do based on this knowledge.

11. 1. Keep Pests Out Check screens for rips, tears, and holes. Fill all holes like these… 11

12. 2. Remove Pests’ Food & Water 12

13. 3. Remove Pests’ Shelter Clutter provides lots of hiding spots AND covers up evidence of a growing problem. Yes, that is a roach. 13

14. 4. Monitor for Pests DON’T WAIT FOR THIS!  USE AN EARLY WARNING SYSTEM!  14

15. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 15 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an approach to controlling pests in safer, more effective, and longer-lasting ways. When you use IPM, you understand a pest's identity and habits focus on PREVENTION use a combination of different tactics for best results if needed, choose least-risky chemicals

16.  Selects most effective, least-risky protocols for the situation at hand  Big Toolbox! = ◦ Design/Maintenance ◦ Physical/Mechanical ◦ Biological ◦ Chemical (Pesticides)

17. Treat Existing Pest Problems Safely Example: Mice Indoors – Use traps first Poison baits are more risky & “stinky” because mice die inside walls! If any used, put in tamper-proof boxes 17

18. Pest CSI: Place the mousetrap along the wall so the mouse can access the food from either direction 18

19. 19 What is a Pesticide? “_____ - cide” means “to kill” Rodenticide (kills rodents) Insecticide(kills insects) Herbicide(kills plants) Anti-microbials(kills microorganisms) 19

20.  Toxic  Flammable  Corrosive  Reactive  Compressed gas (explosive)

21. RISK = TOXICITY x EXPOSURE Reduce Exposure by looking at the formulation of product and how it’s used can this be used without exposure? can it be mistaken for food/drink? Reduce Toxicity by choosing less toxic ones look at signal word on the container look up the active ingredient 21

22. Formulation of Pesticides “Formulation” = what product forms & mixtures are for sale Products can vary by: - Type of chemicals mixed into product - Type of medium used (aerosol, liquid, solid) - Mix or Ready-to-use (concentrate, dilute) - Type of “packaging” (kid-proof containers) 22

23. YELLOW formulations: Enclosed baits Gels Pellets & granules for insects** ** Hazardous to children – may mistake for food item 23

24. RED formulations: Aerosols Foggers Liquid concentrates Ready to use liquids & sprays Poisons for rodents 24

25. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 25 Reduce Pesticide Risk USENOT Traps and Baits Sprays and Foggers Less Risky More Risky

26. Reduce Toxicity: On the Pesticide Container Look for: Signal word Active ingredient(s) Directions for use Special precautions 26

27.  Signal Word Source: PSU Pesticide Education Program Active Ingredients  27

28. Aviso Precaución Peligro Veneno del Peligro Highly hazardous DANGER POISON DANGER WARNING CAUTION Severe Eye Damage or Skin Irritation Slightly hazardous Moderately hazardous Understanding ‘Signal Words ’ Source: PSU Pesticide Education Program 28

29. Read the Label First! ONLY 1 out of 4 People read the label ! 29

30. a Tulve NS, Jones PA, Nishioka M, Fortmann RC, Croghan CW, Zhou JY, Fraser A, Cave C, Friedman W. (2006). Pesticide Measurements from the First National Environmental Health Survey of Child Care Centers Using a Multi-Residue GC/MS Analysis Method. Environ Sci Technol 40(20):6269-74.

31.  Pesticides as “solution” to pests = our cultural norm  Pesticides are invisible (vs. pests)  Pesticides readily available & cheap  Pesticides not commonly understood to be toxic  Suffer from many misconceptions/information:  E.g. If you can’t smell it, it’s safe  If some is good more is better  If it’s for sale, it’s safe 31

34. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 34 OR At child’s level, under the sink, or in an unlocked cabinet?

35. PA IPM Program, PSCIP 35 PREVENT 1. Keep Pests Out 2. Remove Pests’ Food & Water 3. Remove Pests’ Shelter KEEP WATCH 4. Monitor for Pests ELIMINATE 5. Take appropriate action for existing pest problems Routine Monthly Spraying is NOT Part of IPM

36. 1. Develop and adopt an IPM policy 2. Designate an IPM coordinator and roles for all 3. Educate staff, faculty and parents about IPM 4. Implement inspection & pest prevention steps 5. Contract with the right pest control company 6. Create an IPM Plan to follow 7. Set up procedures for notifying staff, parents 8. Keep records and evaluate results 36PA IPM/PSCIP

37.  Pest Management Policy for your center? ◦ Got one? Know it?  Chronic Pest Problems? What? Ask why??  Inspection routine for classroom/facility? ◦ Are you inviting in unwanted guests  Pesticides applied? ◦ What kinds, for what pests, where, when by whom?  “IPM Plan” in place for key pests?  Communication system in place? ◦ Pest reporting? Pesticide notification? 37

39. Lyn Garling, PA IPM Program Coordinator Penn State University 317 Agricultural Administration Building University Park PA 16802 814-863-8884 ljg5@psu.edu http://www.paipm.org