1. Blue Sheet

2.  1. Male Genitals (external)  A. Testes (testicles)  1. Produce sperm (smallest cell in body) 6 wks to mature.  2. Produce male hormone testosterone.  Infertility: Failure to produce enough healthy sperm. Sperm malformed from toxins like alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana and other drugs.

3. Sterility: Permanent inability to produce sperm. Castration: Removal of testes; diseased organ to reduce amount of male hormone as it stimulates growth of Prostate Cancer. Vasectomy: Sterilization for men “cutting the Vas Deferens” Eunuch: Name for a man whose testicles have been removed before puberty – no secondary sex characteristics.

4. B. Penis: 3 layers of spongy tissue 1. Elimination of urine 2. Male organ for copulation (intercourse) Erection: Penis becomes firm when sponge like chambers fill with blood – dialates because of stimulation. Impotence: Inability to attain an erection due to physiological issues like circulation (heart disease) or psychological (mental) or toxins.

5.  Glans: Head of penis – large supply of nerve endings – very sensitive to physical stimulation.  Prepuce or Foreskin: Covers the glans (foreskin).  Circumcision: Surgical removal of prepuce, glans are now fully exposed for hygiene reasons; easier to clean.

6.  Seminal Fluid: Semen is nourished and it gives mobility to sperm.  Semen comes from 1. Testes 2. Prostate  3. Seminal Vesicles 4. Cowpers Glands  Ejaculation: Passage of sperm from penis due to a series of muscle contractions. 200 milion + sperm in each ejaculation. Sperm can live from 2 – 5 days.

7. Ejaculatory Duct: Tube (canal) that leads from prostate to the urethra. Muscle that holds back urine. C. Scrotum: Saclike pouch that holds testes; also lowers testes temperature 2-3 degrees less. II. MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS (internal) III. Seminiferous Tubles: Where sperm are produced in testes. Each tuble is 1-3 feet long (1/4 mile).

8. Epididymis: Where mature sperm are stored. Vas Deferens: Two long thin tubes (canals) that serve as a passageway for sperm; they connect with urethra as passage out of the body; cillia moves sperm out. Seminal Vesicles: Two small glands that secrete a fluid that nourishes. Cowpers Gland: Secretes a clear sticky fluid that appears in drops at the tip of the penis during sexual arousal. Prostate Gland: Secretes an akaline solution into the urethra. Without these secretions sperm would die

9. 1. Female Genitals (External) A. Vulva – External Genitals Hymen: Thin membrane covering opening to the vagina for protection. Labia: Folds of skin covering external opening (Majora) of vagina. (Minora) located between Majora. Clitoris: Small erectile organ with many nerve receptors and blood vessels.

10. II. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS (Internal)A. Ovaries: Female Gonads 1. Produce egg (ova); largest cell in female 1/100 th all eggs are present at birth 200,000 + only about 400 will mature. 2. Produces hormones for secondary sex characteristics. Ovulation: A mature egg is released from ovary usually one monthly but sometimes two or more.

11.  B. Fallopian Tubes: Tube (canal) where egg travels through (4” long) where conception occurs.  Egg lives: 1-2 days possibly after released and sperm lives 2-5 or more after released.  Fertilized egg passes through the fallopian tubes 3-4 days.  Sperm travels through fallopian tube to reach egg as quickly as 90 minutes.  C. Uterus: Womb (muscle tissue) looks like an upside down pear 2X3 inches.

12. Endometrium: Lining of the uterus – takes 28 days to prepare. If egg is not fertilized endometrium is sloughed off. Cervix: Neck of Uterus Hysterectomy: Removal of the Uterus D. Vagina: Muscular tube (canal) which extends from lower end of uterus to outside of the body 6” long. 1. Birth Canal and menstruation 2. Female organ for sexual intercourse or copulation

13. III. Menstrual Cycle: Regulated by the endocrine gland hormones: Cycle of events in the Uterus. A. Menache: Beginning of the menstrual cycle. Approximate age this begins is 12 – 13 yrs old. Menstruation: Periodic discharge of blood and tissue (endometrium) blood vessels shrink Hormones are released by the Pituitary gland to stimulate the ovaries to produce these hormones: Triggers the menstrual cycle Estrogen: Female hormone for sexual development

14.  Progesterone: Prepares the endometrium which is the lining of the uterus for pregnancy  The Pituitary Gland in the brain triggers the menstrual cycle.  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28  Average length of each menstrual cycle is 28 days Approximate day of Ovulation 14  Most fertile days are between days 11 and 16  Approximate number of Eggs in a lifetime are 300 - 500.

15.  B. Menopause: Ending of the menstrual cycle.  Approximate age it begins 45 -55 yrs old  Possible side effects: Hot flashes, nausea,  Depression, night sweats, etc.  Ectopic Pregnancy: When a fertilized egg  Implants somewhere other than the uterus  Like in the Fallopian Tubes.  Endometriosis: Lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus.