1. Dental Anatomy & Occlusion Dent 202
TOOTH IDENTIFICATION
Dental Anatomy & Occlusion
Dent 202

2. Sequence of identification
Set
Deciduous
Permanent
Class
Incisor
Canine
Premolar
Molar

3. Sequence of Identification
Arch
Maxillary
Mandibular
Type
Posterior teeth: 1st, 2nd or 3rd
Incisors: central or lateral
Side
Right
Left

4. Set Traits Size Dimensions Colour Cervical ridges
Cervical constriction
Buccal Cervical Ridges on D. molars
Root morphology
Slender, flared & bowed with little root trunk in deciduous molars

5. Class Traits-incisors
Incisal 2/3 flattened MD
& compressed LL
Long horizontal
MD biting edge
2 or more mamelons
Marginal ridges
parallel to long axis

6. Class Traits-canines Longest & thickest roots LL
Single conical pointed cusp
Only cusped teeth without
occlusal surface

7. Class Traits-Premolars
At least 2 cusps
Single buccal cusp
with one or more lingual cusps
Molars must have at least
2 buccal cusps

8. Class Traits-Molars 3 or more cusps At least 2 buccal cusps
One or more lingual cusps
In general 2 or 3 roots

9. Arch Traits-Incisors Crown Root Wider MD height vs. width
MD vs. LL dimensions
Root
Root shape in x-section

10. Arch Traits-Canine Crown Root Size
Amount of flaring of proximal outlines
Height vs. width of the crown
LL incisal edge location
Root
Length
LL dimension vs. MD

11. Arch Traits-premolars
Amount of similarity between 1st & 2nd
Amount of similarity in size and height between cusps
BL vs. MD dimension
Lingual inclination of the crown
Lingual HOC location

12. Arch Traits-molars Number of roots Crown BL vs. MD dimension
Occlusal aspect
Shape
Angles
Cusp arrangement & variance in size
Oblique ridge

13. Type traits-maxillary incisors
Size
Crown
Height vs. MD width
Roundedness of angles
MD vs. LL dimension
Prominence of cingulum
Depth of L. fossa
Developmental pit/groove
Root
Shape of x-section

14. Type traits-mandibular incisors
Equality in size (arch trait)
Incisal edge inclination
Symmetry
Roundedness of angles

15. Type traits-maxillary premolars
Proximal aspects
Height of the cusps
Mesial marginal groove
Canine (inter-radicular) fossa
Number of roots?
Buccal aspect
Bulging proximal outlines
Occlusal aspect
Occlusal table area
Sharpness of angles
Convergence of proximal outlines
Lingual cusp twisting
Developmental/supplemental grooves

16. Type traits-mandibular premolars
Proximal aspects
Amount of lingual tilting of Occlusal plane
Cusp height/size difference
ML groove
Lingual aspect
Amount of B profile visible
Occlusal aspect
Diamond vs. square
Proximal profile convergence lingually
M MR vs. D MR height and length
D. groove pattern/ central pit

17. Type traits-maxillary molars
Crown
Size
Degree Morphological variation
DL cusp size
Cusp of Carabelli?
Mesial MR tubercles
Rhomboid outline & angles
Supplementary grooves
Root
Distal inclination
Flaring
Fusion
length

18. Type traits-mandibular molars
Crown
Size
MD width
Number of cusp
Pit/groove pattern
Supplementary grooves
Occlusal view shape
Lingual convergence of proximal surfaces
Roots
Distal inclination
Flaring
Fusion
Length

19. Right or Left? The 5 surfaces should have been identified
Usually facial & lingual surfaces are easily identifiable
M & D are a bit more difficult to identify
Detailed knowledge of anatomy of each tooth is required

20. Right or Left? Maxillary incisors Mandibular incisors MI & DI angles
M & D outlines & contact area
Mandibular incisors
Incisal edge inclination in lateral

21. Right or Left? Canines M & D sloping cusp ridges
M & D outlines & contact area

22. Right or Left? Maxillary premolars M & D sloping cusp ridges
M & D outlines & contact area
Height & length of MRs
In max. 1st premolar
Canine fossa
M MR groove
Mesial twist of lingual cusp

23. Right or Left? Mandibular premolars M & D sloping cusp ridges
M & D outlines & contact area
Height & length of MRs
In mand. 1st premolar
ML groove
In mand 2nd premolar
Size difference of lingual cusps (when 2 lingual cusps)

24. Right or Left? Maxillary molars Size difference of cusps Oblique ridge
Acute vs. obtuse angles
M & D outlines & contact area
Height & length of MRs
Root
Inclination
MB vs. DB root morphology
In max. 1st molar
Cusp of Carabelli

25. Right or Left? Mandibular molars M & D outlines & contact area
Height & length of MRs
Root
Inclination
M vs. D root morphology
In mand. 1st molar
The distal cusp
2 B grooves
M marginal groove

26. Sequence of identification-example
Identify 21
Set: Permanent
Class: Incisor
Arch: Maxillary
Type: Central
Side: Left