2. FUN GRAPH FRIDAY!  What are 2 con- clusions you can draw from the graph to the right? 

3. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Quiz Review  Quiz 2.1  Exit Question

4. Today’s Objectives  SWBAT DOMINATE Quiz 2.1!

5. Major Playas of Atomic Theory Democritus (460-370 B.C.) John Dalton (1808) J.J. Thomson (1897) Ernest Rutherford (1909) Niels Bohr (1913) Schrodinger (1924)

6. What were Democritus’ ideas? Matter is composed of tiny particles called atomos Different kinds of particles have different sizes and shapes Particles move through empty space

7. Democritus’ Big Contribution? First ideas about the atom! Named them!

8. Then came along…  In 1808, John Dalton came up with the first atomic theory that was based on scientific research.  It stated: 1. All matter is made of atoms. 2. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 3. All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties 4. Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 5. A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.

9. Dalton’s Big Contribution? First real theory about the atom!

10. J.J. Thompson’s New Model  The new model was called the Plum Pudding Model  Plum pudding is like raisin oatmeal  The negative particles floated in a sea of positive charge like raisins in oatmeal Plum Pudding Model Dalton’s Model

11. Thomson’s Big Contribution? Atoms ARE divisible! Discovered the electron!

12. What Actually Happened…  Almost all, of the alpha particles went straight through, some were deflected a little, some were deflected a lot.  1 in 8000 of the particles was deflected ?

13. - - -- ++ ++

14. What were Rutherford’s conclusions? Discovered the nucleus, a concentrated mass with positive protons! Nucleus is in the center of the atom The atom is mostly empty space

15. Rutherford’s Big Contribution? Discovered the nucleus and the proton!

16. Not BOHR-ING AT ALL!!!

17. Bohr’s Big Contribution? First to talk about where electrons hang out in the atom – ORBITS!

18. Schrodinger  Instead of orbits, Schridinger said that electrons hang out in orbitals  Orbitals are like rooms that electrons are probably in at a given moment  This final Model is called the Wave- Mechanical Model  Or the Quantum Model Hooray!

19. Schrodinger’s Big Contribution? No to orbits! YES to ORBITALS! (also where electrons hang out)

20. Subatomic Particles Subatomic Particle LocationRelative MassRelative Charge Protons Neutrons Electrons NUCLEUS OUTSIDE NUCLEUS 1 amu 1/1840 amu (virtually zero!) 1+ NEUTRAL 1- Relative means compared to others

21. Atomic Number pREVIEW of the Periodic Table Element Symbol Atomic Mass

22. Atomic Math Bylaws 1. The atomic number of an atom is the same as the number of ___________________. 2. The number of electrons is equal to the number of _______________(in a neutral atom). 3. Atomic mass is equal to the number of _________________ plus the number of _________________. PROTONS NEUTRONS

23. Atomic Math Basics  How to find # protons?  Look at PT  Atomic Number  How to find # electrons?  # Protons = # Electrons  How to find # neutrons?  # Neutrons = Atomic Mass - # Protons  How to find atomic mass?  Atomic Mass = # Protons + # Neutrons

24. Bohr Models of Atoms  Bohr Models show electrons floating around the nucleus in specific orbits. 16 p+ 16 n o Sulfur: 16 protons 16 neutrons 16 electrons

25. Steps to Making a Bohr Model 1. Determine protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the atom 2. Draw the nucleus (circle) with # p+ and # n o inside 3. Draw the first energy level (circle around nucleus) and draw up to 2 dots (electrons) 4. If needed, draw second energy level (second circle) and draw up to 8 dots (electrons) 5. If needed, draw third energy level (third circle) and draw up to 8 dots (electrons) 6. If needed, draw fourth energy level (fourth circle) and draw up to 2 dots (electrons) 7. Continue drawing energy levels as needed (draw up to 32 dots on each)

26. Exit Question 1. How did you do on this quiz today? 2. Why?