1. January 21 and 22 Unit 5: Force and Motion Risk-Takers Objective(s): 1.SWBAT explain how inclined planes and pulleys are used to change either the amount of force and/or the direction of force needed to lift an object. Relevance: Scientists and inventors must be risk-takers when designing new machines to help us move/lift objects. We too must be risk-takers when we attempt to use these machines as well. Do Now: Four Square Do Now MATERIALS NEEDED: 1.Pencil 2.Unit 5, Day 5 Packet 3.Agenda

2. Maria is doing an experiment to find out how the amount of sunlight affects the growth of a seedling. She has three identical pots containing grass seeds planted at the same time. She puts them in windows that receive different amounts of sunlight each day. Every day, Maria looks at the pots and records her observations. What is the independent variable in Maria’s experiment? a.Type of soil b.Amount of sunlight c.Amount of water d.Type of seedling A space shuttle travels an average speed of 1,800 miles per hour. How far will the space shuttle travel after 2 hours of its launch? What is the net force of the skater below?What direction will the skater move and with what type of speed? Four Square Do Now 5 min Silently answer the four problems below 31 N 37 N

3. What do the pictures below have in common? What would you call these objects? How are they used? What is the purpose of using these objects?

4. Simple Machines A simple machine is a device that makes work easier. They do NOT change the amount of work needed to lift an object. All simple machines transfer force. Some change the direction of force, while others change the magnitude of the force. Some simple machines change both the direction and the magnitude of the force.

5. What is the purpose of simple machines? Turn and Talk

6. Inclined Planes Inclined planes are ramps that require less force to move an object. As an inclined plane increases in length, the amount of force needed to lift an object decreases. The disadvantage is that objects must be moved a greater distance.

7. Which Inclined plane is using the least amount of force to lift the object? How do you know? Think-Pair-Share

8. How does an inclined plane reduce the amount of force you need to lift an object? Stop and Jot

9. Watch out! Simple machines do not reduce the amount of work needed to lift an object! Inclined planes reduce the amount of force by increasing the distance an object moves.

10. 30 sec! Word Scramble Challenge! EPMILS HAMINEC Definition: A device used to make work easier.

11. Response Cards You will work individually to answer some questions about inclined planes. I will show you the question on the board and you will have 30 seconds to think silently about your answer. When the time is up, you will hold up your response to the question. Be prepared to explain! 12 min

12. Group Response Cards 1.Simple machines are useful because – a.They decrease the amount of force needed to lift an object. b.They increase the amount of force needed to lift an object. c.They decrease the amount of work needed to lift an object. d.They increase the amount of work needed to lift an object.

13. Group Response Cards 2.Which of the following inclined planes would require the least amount of force to lift a box? a.Asdf b.Sdf c.A d.None of the above

14. Guided Practice 3.Anthony’s family is moving across town, so his father rented a moving truck for the day. A ramp pulls out of the truck bed. The bed of the truck is 1 m high, and the ramp is 3 m long. Anthony makes two statements about the truck ramp. Statement 1: T he ramp is an inclined plane, and we will have to move the boxes a longer distance to get them into the truck than if we lifted them straight up Statement 2: U sing the inclined plane will require less force. a.Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false. b.Statement 1 and 2 are both true. c.Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true. d.Statement 1 and 2 are both false.

15. Group Response Cards 4.Cities use ramps to allow people in wheel chairs to cross the street and return to the sidewalk. Examine the illustration below. What could be changed about this ramp to decrease the amount of force required to push a wheel chair up to it? a.Make the ramp shorter and steeper. b.Make the ramp shorter and less steep. c.Make the ramp longer and steeper. d.Make the ramp longer and less steep.

16. Pulleys A pulley is a wheel with a rope or chain wrapped around it. There are two kinds of pulleys: fixed and movable.

17. Fixed Pulleys A fixed pulley does not move. This type of pulley is often used to lift something. A fixed pulley changes the direction of the force, but it does not reduce the amount of force needed to lift the load.

18. What is the downside of using a fixed pulley? Turn and Talk

19. Movable Pulleys A movable pulley is a pulley that moves. When using a movable pulley, it takes only half as much force to lift the load. However, you must pull the rope twice as far in order to make the load move half the distance.

20. How much force would be needed to lift a 100N object using a movable pulley? Think-Pair-Share

21. Watch out! Simple machines do not reduce the amount of work needed to lift an object! Fixed pulleys do not change the amount of force needed to lift an object – they only change the direction of the force. Movable pulleys reduce the amount of force needed to lift an object by half.

22. What are the two types of pulleys? How do they transfer force? Stop and Jot

23. 30 sec! Word Scramble Challenge! BEVOMLA Definition: A type of pulley that reduces the amount of force needed to lift an object by half.

24. Group Response Cards You will work with your table group to answer some questions about pulleys. I will show you the question on the board and you will have 30 seconds to discuss your answer and why with your table group. When the time is up, one person will hold up your group’s response using the response cards at your table. 12 min

25. Group Response Cards 1.What type of pulley does not move? A. Movable B. Fixed C. Inclined D. None of the above

26. Group Response Cards 2. A fixed pulley changes the ______________? A. Mass of the object B. Volume of the object C. Direction of the force D. Weight of the object

27. Group Response Cards 3.A movable pulley requires… A.A third of the force needed to move an object. B.The same amount of force needed to move an object. C.Half of the force needed to move an object. D.No force to move the object.

28. Group Response Cards 4.A fixed pulley requires… A.A third of the force needed to move an object. B.The same amount of force needed to move an object. C.Half of the force needed to move an object. D.No force to move the object.

29. Guided Practice 5.The pulley shown below is used to change the – a.Amount of work done lifting. b.Direction of the applied force c.Weight of the object to be lifted d.Mechanical advantage of the rope

30. Guided Practice 6.How much force will be required to pull up this weight that has a force of 100 Newtons? a.50 Newtons b.150 Newtons c.110 Newtons d.100 Newtons

31. Independent Practice Complete the independent practice about inclined planes and pulleys. During this time you should be working silently and independently. If you have a question, please raise your hand silently at your seat. 25 min

32. Complete the exit ticket silently. Turn in as you leave. You may pack up your things. Exit Ticet

33. STOP Cards SSummarize: Summarize the day’s lesson and what we learned. TTrait: What IB trait relates to the lesson? OObjective: Re-state in your own words and say whether or not we met that objective for the day. PPurpose: What was the purpose of this lesson?