2. The Main Idea
Leaders develop a vision for the organization that they are leading. They move employees and their organization toward that vision. The qualities of leaders include motivation, confidence, communication skills, and integrity.

3. Key Term
moving a company in a direction based on a vision
leadership
the ability make decisions without the help of others
initiative

4. Key Term
human relations
the study of how people interact in the workplace
integrity
To adhere to a code of ethical values

5. Managing and Leading Others
There is more to leadership than just being in charge.
leadership
taking a company and its employees in a direction based upon a vision

6. Managing and Leading Others
Leaders know their business.
Leaders know the capabilities of their employees.
Leaders can analyze current trends.
Leaders have vision and can inspire others.
Leaders help a company run smoothly.

7. Managing and Leading Others
Some people who are managers are not leaders.
They may focus on specific tasks to make sure work gets done, but they may not be visionaries or inspire others.

8. The three components of motivation are:
initiative
the ability to act and make decisions without the help or advice of others
Inspiring others
Initiative
Having goals

9. Confidence
Being self-confident means knowing what to do and taking action.
A confident leader is decisive and makes others feel confident in their leader’s abilities.

10. Communication Skills
To deal with some human relations problems, leaders have to apply conflict resolution techniques.
human relations
the study of how people interact in the workplace and how communication can be improved

11. Communication Skills
A mentor is a trusted counselor or guide.
As mentors, leaders can better understand employees and their needs.

12. Integrity is the most highly valued quality in a leader.
Leaders need to set a good example and follow standards.
integrity
an adherence to a code of ethical values such as honesty, loyalty, and fairness

13. Developing Leadership Skills
Graphic Organizer
Developing Leadership Skills
Read books, watch videos, and take courses on leadership.
Work with someone who has leadership ability and study what he or she does.
Join a club, a team, a drama group, or a community organization.
Take the initiative at school, at work, or in club activities.

14. Why are some managers not leaders?
Some managers are not leaders because they do not have a vision for the organization and do not inspire others to work toward a vision.

15. What are the three motivational qualities that leaders have?
The three motivational qualities that leaders have are initiative, ability to motivate others, and ability to set goals.

16. How can leadership skills be developed?
by taking courses on leadership, studying a leader, joining a club, or taking initiative

17. Chapter 8 Section 2

18. Read to Learn
Identify and describe the autocratic, democratic, and free-reign leadership styles.
Describe the self-managed team approach and the two ways in which such an approach is organized.

19. The Main Idea
Leaders differ in the leadership styles that they use. Autocratic, democratic, and free-reign leadership are common styles. The leadership style that should be used depends on the work to be done and the type of worker being managed.

20. Key Term
a leadership style in which one person runs everything and makes all the decisions without consulting others
autocratic leadership

21. Key Term
a leadership style in which managers work with employees to make decisions
democratic leadership

22. Key Term
a leadership style that requires the leader to set goals for managers and employees and then leave them alone to get the job done
free-reign leadership

23. Key Term
giving managers and employees the power to run things and make decisions
delegating
self-managed teams
work groups that supervise themselves

24. Types of Leadership
Different leaders have different styles.
Some leaders rule with strict discipline while others leave employees alone to do their work.

25. Graphic Organizer
Autocratic
Types of Leadership
Free-Reign
Democratic

26. Autocratic Leadership
A leader with an autocratic leadership style assumes that others must have decisions made for them.
autocratic leadership
a leadership style in which one person runs everything and makes all decisions without consulting others

27. Autocratic Leadership
Autocratic leaders may find that many people do not like to work for them.
This style of leadership may be useful for firefighters, combat troops, and police officers.

28. Democratic Leadership
In a democratic leadership, new ideas are encouraged.
democratic leadership
a style in which managers work with employees to make decisions

29. Democratic Leadership
In a democratic leadership, the leader still makes the final decision.
A democratic leader assumes that people have ideas and are inclined to contribute.

30. Free-Reign Leadership
Another name for free-reign leadership is hands-off leadership.
free-reign leadership
a leadership style that requires the leader to set goals for managers and employees and then leave them alone to get the job done

31. Free-Reign Leadership
Free-rein leaders have no problem delegating.
delegating
giving managers and employees the power to run things and make decisions
Free-rein leaders are involved in broader decisions.

32. Reasons for Delegating
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Reasons for Delegating
Managers do not have time to do everything.
Managers can focus on more important work.
Employees have more ownership of the production process.
Employees have a chance to develop their own potential.

33. Many companies put workers in self-managed teams.
Leadership in Teams
Many companies put workers in self-managed teams.
self-managed teams
work groups that supervise themselves

34. Self-Managed Teams
The use of the self-managed team approach started in Japan and came to the United States in the 1980s.

35. Self-Managed Teams
In a self-managed team, the leader is a team player rather than a boss.
The leader learns a range of jobs instead of just one.

36. The Organization of the Self-Managed Team
Self-managed teams are organized in two ways:
The team selects one leader.
Each team member employs specialized skills, but there is no team leader.

37. The Organization of the Self-Managed Team
The theory behind self-managed teams is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

38. Advantages of Self-Managed Teams Disadvantages of Self-Managed Teams
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Advantages of Self-Managed Teams
They are more goal-oriented than task-oriented.
Team members have a chance to learn each other’s job and obtain new skills.
Team members learn to participate and cooperate.
Self-managed teams learn to solve their own problems
Disadvantages of Self-Managed Teams
Some people do not have the skills and initiative to work together productively.

39. In which situations is an autocratic style of leadership useful?
when dealing with unmotivated or unskilled employees or in emergency situations

40. Why should a manager delegate authority?
when a job is time consuming, requires special skills, or to give workers more responsibility

41. Name a similarity and a difference between free-reign management and self-managed teams.
Both give freedom to the employee. Free-rein management involves individuals working alone. Several people are involved in a self-managed team.