1. PRESENTATION S10227045 王靖淳 S10227047 潘書維

2. Understanding the Writer’s Ideas

3. 1. What does the title of Muñoz’s essay mean to you?  Leave your name at the border means respect your own culture with your names.  The border of the title means Mexican culture  Because Mexican culture holds relatively weak position compared to American culture.

4. 2. Where does the action take place in Muñoz’s essay? Why is this sense of place important, according to Muñoz?  Fresno Airport.  This place triggered him to explore the cultural exchange with two different cultures.

5. 3. Who are the major and minor characters in the essay? How are they related and interrelated?  The major character is Eugenio Reyes.  The minor character is the gate agent.  Both of them have Mexican ancestry.

6. 4. What do we learn about Muñoz? What details stand out?  We can learn that Muñoz want to appeal the Mexican to respect themselves and their own culture.  … the clash of privileges I imagined between someone de alla and a Mexican woman with a good job in the United States. Would she speak to him in Spanish? Or would she raise her voice to him as if he were hard of hearing? (P.441 Paragraph 22 )

7.  5. What is Munoz’s key observation about Spanish and English, and about Latino and Anglo culture? Spanish: 1.The language of the vilified illegal immigrant 2.A lower class 3.The source of clunky sound and ugly rhythm English: 1.The language of the white population 2.A path toward the richer, expansive identity of “American” 3.A world of power and decisions, of smooth, uninterrupted negotiation

8. In Latino culture, at least in the writer’s time, English was for public display. Spanish was for privacy － and privacy quickly turned to shame. In Anglo culture, people consider themselves as the main stream of the population. So they think they don’t need to learn how to pronounce Spanish words. Conversely, those who are not whites should learn their language.

9. 6. In the context of the paragraph and the essay, what does Munoz mean by “code-switching”? In the paragraph 19, the writer described “code-switching” as the transferring of words from one language to another, regardless of who might be listening. When transferring Spanish to English, the facial meanings can be the same, but the cultural meanings beyond the words were ignore. People are come from different cultures, so we may not know the deeper meaning that speakers want to express.

10. 7. Which paragraph best explains Munoz’s attitude toward assimilation? The last paragraph A positive attitude: be confident. “how language would rule me if I allowed it.”

11. Understanding the Writer’s Techniques

12. 1. Does Muñoz state his claim or imply it? Justify your response with reference to the text?  He implied his state.  Years later we recognized that he spoke in deference to our Spanish-speaking parents in the audience, caring teacher that he was. (P.439 Paragraph 10 )

13. 2. What is the tone of this essay? Cite at least two passages to support your response to the writer’s voice.  Sometimes serious, sometimes casual.  Serious: It applies to needing and wanting to belong, of seeing from the outside and wondering how to get in and then, once inside, realizing there are always those still on the fringe. (P.440 Paragraph 17 )  Casual: … serving as translators for those in the family whose English is barely functional. (P.438 Paragraph 6 )

14. 3. Explain the importance of narration and description in this essay. Why does Muñoz use these stragies? Are these patterns of development effective in the development of an argument? Why or why not? It can allow the readers to have the feeling of virtually being there. He wanted to make the essay more lively. Yes, they concretely support his point of view.

15. 4. Where in the essay does Munoz use causal analysis? What is his purpose here? In paragraph five. To explain why the culture assimilation would happen in the area, and how it was started.

16. 5. Why does Munoz introduce and even list so many names in his essay? What is the overall effect of this strategy? He uses several stories that were truly happened around him in order to emphasize his viewpoint. By this way, the readers can be more understand about the situation that the writers want to express, and the writer can also let the readers to agree with him.

17. 6. How do the introduction and conclusion function as a framing device for the essay? The name “Eugenio Reyes” appeared at the beginning and the end of the essay. According to the spelling of the name, the man could probably be a Spanish. It is a framing device that represent Munoz’s aspiration of finding out someone who was also grew up in the same period, the period that Anglo culture was almost corroded Latino culture. And hope the person had the positive thinking like he did, but not like the gate agent that try to camouflage who they are.