1. Q1: The economy of the northern part of the United States in the 1860’s was ___ Q5: Who led a slave revolt against plantation owners in Virginia? Q2: The economy of the southern part of the United States in the 1860’s was _____ and relied more on _____ Q3: Before the Civil War, northern states wanted the new states created out of the western territory to be “_____” Q4: Before the Civil War, southern states wanted the new states created out of the western territory to be “_____” Q6: Who led a raid on the U.S. Armory at Harpers Ferry, trying to start a slave rebellion? Q7: Some southern states seceded from the Union after what event? Q8: Many southern states, including Virginia, seceded to form _____. Fairfax County Public Schools Instructional Services Department Revised 2010 2008 POS – Civil War, Reconstruction and Civil Rights Review Cards Print on yellow paper

2. A5: Nat TurnerA1: industrialized A6: John Brown A7: After Abraham Lincoln became President of the United States in 1860. A8: The Confederate States of America A2: agricultural, slave labor A3: free states A4: slave states

3. Q9: During the Civil War, why did conflict grow between the eastern counties in Virginia and the western counties of Virginia? Q10: What was the result of the disagreement between the eastern and western counties of Virginia in 1863? Q11: Which battle was the first major clash of the Civil War? Q12: What Confederate General, who played a major role in the first Battle of Bull Run, also received his nickname there? Q13: ___ was the capital of the Confederacy. Q14: How did the Civil War end? Q15: An important sea battle that took place in Virginia waters near Norfolk and Hampton was fought between: Q16: Who was the Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia during the Civil War? Fairfax County Public Schools Instructional Services Department Revised 2010 2008 POS – Civil War, Reconstruction and Civil Rights Review Cards Print on yellow paper

4. A13: Richmond A9: The eastern counties relied on slave labor and the western counties did not favor slavery A14: General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865 A15: the Monitor (Union) and the Merrimack (Confederacy) A16: General Robert E. Lee A10: the formation of West Virginia A11: the first Battle of Bull Run (or Manassas) A12: General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

5. Q17: Most white Virginias and some free African Americans supported the _____ during the Civil War. Q18: The Confederacy relied on enslaved African Americans to _____ and _____. Q19: Who didn’t take sides during the Civil War? Q20: Name the period following the Civil War in which congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring the southern states back into the Union. Q21: Name two problems faced by Virginians during Reconstruction. Q22: List three reasons why Virginia’s economy was in ruins after the Civil War. Q23: What is the name of the government agency that provided food, schools and medical care for freed African Americans and others of the south after the Civil War? Q24: What is the name of the system in which freedmen and poor white farmers rented land from a landowner by promising to pay the owner with a share of the crop? Fairfax County Public Schools Instructional Services Department Revised 2010 2008 POS – Civil War, Reconstruction and Civil Rights Review Cards Print on yellow paper

6. A17: Confederacy A18: raise crops and provide labor for the army. A19: most American Indians A20: Reconstruction A21: 1.Millions of freed slaves needed housing, jobs education, clothing, and food 2.Virginia’s economy was in ruins A22: 1.Money had no value 2.Banks were closed 3.Railroads, bridges, plantations, and crops were destroyed A23: The Freedmen’s Bureau A24: Sharecropping

7. Q25: When did African Americans begin to have power in Virginia’s government and men of races could vote? Q26: After Reconstruction, gains for African Americans were lost when _____ were passed by southern states. Q27: “Jim Crow” laws established ___ of the races and reinforced ___ held by whites. Q28: “Jim Crow” laws created unfair ___ ___ and voting tests were established to keep African Americans from voting. Q29: “Jim Crow” laws made African American and white children attend ___ schools. Q30: Jim Crow laws prevented African Americans from: (list 3 things) Q31: What is the term that means the separation of people, usually based on race or religion? Q32: What is the term that means an unfair difference in the treatment of people? Fairfax County Public Schools Instructional Services Department Revised 2010 2008 POS – Civil War, Reconstruction and Civil Rights Review Cards Print on yellow paper

8. A25: during Reconstruction A30: 1. voting 2. drinking from the same fountains as whites. 3. attending white schools A31: segregation A32: discrimination A26: “Jim Crow Laws” A27: segregation, prejudices A28: poll taxes A29: separate

9. Q36: Virginia’s government established a policy of _____ which fought to “resist” the integration of public schools. Q37: Who led a Massive Resistance Movement against the desegregation of public schools in Virginia? Q39: Who was a lawyer and a civil rights leader who played a key role in the Brown v. Board of Education decision? Q33: What is the term that means full equality of all races in the use of public facilities? Q34: What term means the abolishment of racial segregation? Q35: Name the case and the date of the Supreme Court ruling that said “separate but equal” public schools were unconstitutional. Q38: After the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” public schools were unconstitutional, all public schools were ordered to _____. Fairfax County Public Schools Instructional Services Department Revised 2010 2008 POS – Civil War, Reconstruction and Civil Rights Review Cards Print on yellow paper Q40: Did any enslaved Africans fight for the Union?

10. A37: Harry F. Byrd, Sr.A33: integration A38: desegregate A39:Oliver W. Hill A34: desegregation A35: Brown v. the Board of Education, 1954 A36: Massive ResistanceA40: Yes. Some slaves fled to the Union army as it approached and some fought for the Union.