1. You have a disability. Bradley Mock, Kaitlynn McLaughlin, Destiny Rainney, and Christine Powell

2. Evan Kemp Jr. Washington and Lee, University of Virginia law school Muscular Dystrophy Government job Chairman of Equal Employment Opportunity Commision- Americans With Disabilities Act “Aiding the Disabled: No Pity, Please” http://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/03/opinion/aiding-the-disabled-no-pity-please.html

3. What is ability? Why do we dis it? Focus on Ability We all have limitations Society’s construct of disability

4. Models of Disability Medical Model Social Model Interactional Model Ontological Model

5. Disability Categories-IDEA 2004 Federal Guidelines For Special Education Defines (13) Categories of Disabilities Autism Deaf-Blindness Deafness Emotional Disturbance Hearing Impairment Intellectual Disability Multiple Disabilities Orthopedic Impairment Other Health Impairments Specific Learning Disability Speech or Language Impairment Traumatic Brain Injury Visual Impairment

6. How these Categories Work Child must be determined to have a disability as defined through IDEA Disability must be adversely affecting the child’s meeting the educational standards

7. The Good -Labels Serve a function - provide access to additional services and supports The Bad -Perception -Stigmas -“I’m Different” -Lowered expectations Labeled, Now What

8. History of Disabilities in Education Enlightenment Ideas Deafness and inheritance Oralism and signing Blindness and the rise of sensory disabilities in the scope of education Gallaudet and other institutions Winzer, Margret A. (1993) The History of Special Education: From Isolation to Integration. Galluadet University

9. Late 19th & Early 20th Century IQ tests and Eugenics Asylums “Feeblemindedness” Exceptional Ed. as a receptacle for less desirable people Advocacy groups ARC Rotatori, Anthony F., Obiakor, Festus, Bakken, Jeffrey (2011) Advances in Special Education, Volume 21: History of Special Education. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., January, 2011.

10. Our World Brown v. Board of Ed. Educating Students with disabilities and civil rights EHA to IDEA Appropriate education? Least restrictive environment? Inclusion? Rotatori, Anthony F., Obiakor, Festus, Bakken, Jeffrey (2011) Advances in Special Education, Volume 21: History of Special Education. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., January, 2011.

11. Challenges Individual Access Support Stigma Others Smart (2001) states, “Anyone with any type of disability need social support.”

12. Interview Summary Awareness Self Determination Motivation Support...

13. References Rotatori, Anthony F., Obiakor, Festus, Bakken, Jeffrey (2011) Advances in Special Education, Volume 21: History of Special Education. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., January, 2011. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (2015) retrieved from http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Plecker_Walter_Ashby_1861-1947 http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Plecker_Walter_Ashby_1861-1947 Winzer, Margret A. (1993) The History of Special Education: From Isolation to Integration. Galluadet University