1. The Circulatory System Consists of the heart, the blood vessels, and the lungs

2. Functions of the Circulatory System 1.Transports O 2 & nutrients (sugars, amino acids) to body cells 2.Transports hormones throughout body 3.Carries wastes away from cells 4.Works with the immune system to protect body against disease causing pathogens Slide # 2

3. PartFunctionDrawing Plasma Carries blood cells through the blood vessels and regulates osmotic pressure Red Blood Cells Carries Oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. White Blood Cells A guard against infection, fights bacteria and infection. Platelets Causes blood to clot so that injuries may heal and prevent bacteria from entering the body. Some blood disorders are: Leukemia–- Cancer of the Blood And Hemophilia-- The condition in which your blood doesn’t clot Parts of the Blood Slide # 3

4. Blood VesselFunctionDrawing Artery Carries blood from the heart to the body. Vein Collects blood after it has passed through the capillary system. Capillary Connect arteries to veins and where the oxygen and nutrients diffuse out to feed the tissues. Lymphatic Vessel Picks up fluid that leaked out of the capillary and brings it back to the blood stream. Blood Vessels Slide # 5

5. Part Function Heart To pump blood throughout the body. Pericardium The thin sac that surrounds the heart and the roots of the blood vessels. Septum Internal wall that separate the right and left halves of the heart. Atria (Atrium) Upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle. Ventricle(s) Lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart to the body. Pacemaker Small groups of cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium that “sets the pace” for the heart as a whole; also known as the sinoatrial node. Major Heart Parts Slide # 6

6. SystemSide of HeartRich or PoorPathway Pulmonary Circulation RightPoor in OxygenHeart to Lungs Systemic Circulation LeftRich in OxygenHeart to Body How the Heart Works The Heart has two separate pumps… Slide # 7

7. a.Transports O 2 poor blood to lungs and O 2 rich blood back to the heart b. Blood travels from right side of heart to lungs c. Blood picks up O 2 & releases CO 2 in lungs d. O 2 rich blood returned to left side of heart How the Heart Works: Pulmonary Circulation Slide # 8

8. a. O 2 rich blood exits left ventricle & enters aorta b. O 2 rich blood travels through arteries then capillaries c. O 2 diffuses out of capillaries & into cells; blood picks up CO 2 & other wastes d. Veins return O 2 poor blood to right side of heart (right atria) How the Heart Works: Systemic Circulation Slide # 9

9. Pathway of Blood Flow Through the Heart 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Slide # 10

10. Circulatory System Diseases 1. Leukemia: bone marrow produces abnormal WBCs. At first, leukemia cells function normally. In time, there are too many & they crowd out normal WBCs, RBCs & platelets. 2. Hemophilia: an inherited disorder. Afflicted persons cannot produce clotting factors, which causes people w/ hemophilia to bleed for longer periods of time than people whose produce clotting factors. The main problem w/ hemophilia is internal bleeding, mainly into muscles & joints. Slide # 4

11. Diseases and Conditions Atherosclerosis: when fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries. Arteriosclerosis: hardening or thickening of the artery walls. Stroke: when blood clots break free and get stuck in the blood vessels leading to the brain. Slide # 11

12. Blood Pressure-- The pressure exerted by the blood through the arteries and veins. Diastolic Pressure– The pressure exerted by the blood when the heart is relaxed. Systolic Pressure– The pressure exerted by the blood when the heart is contracted Blood pressure is written as 120/80 and the normal systolic pressure would be written as 90/135 mmHg while the normal diastolic pressure is written as 50/90 mmHg. Blood Pressure Slide # 12

13. Pathway of Blood Flow Through the Heart 1.Inferior vena cava 2.Superior vena cava 3.Right atrium 4.Tricuspid valve 5.Right ventricle 6.Pulmonary valve 7.Pulmonary arteries 8.Pulmonary veins 9.Left atrium 10.Mitral valve 11.Left ventricle 12.Aortic valve 13.Aorta