1. Baroque in Holland and Flanders

2. Warm-Up Write: “Free Rice Quiz” in your warm up Get into teams of five in 20 seconds You need to get 2 of 3 to get a point! GO!

3. Historical Context 1581, six northern provinces led by William the Silent declared their independence from Spain –Spain reclaims southern Netherlands (Flanders) The Dutch gain independence after the Thirty Years’ War in 1648 Religion is Reformed Protestant (Calvin) and is iconoclastic –What 2 effects does this produce in Holland?

4. Characteristics M eaning: Everyday life is idealized and rosy A esthetic : simple objects, real people and vanitas arrangments predominate. Open brush strokes, earthen tones and warm schemes, impasto and painterly R eason: Life is fleeting, focus on the impression and the vanity of an object. Enjoy the people and human interaction. C ontext: Religious work is couched in the Baroque understanding of human experession

5. Peter Paul Rubens 1577-1640 –Born to a prominent Antwerp Protestant who fled to Germany to escape Spanish persecution –Converts to Catholicism Studies in Italy in 1600 –8 years absorbing the Renaissance, Caravaggio and Carracci Court Painter in Flanders (1608) Theme: The Whole Universe is a stage

6. Raising of the Cross, 1610 Oil on panel, 460 x 340 cm (centre panel), 460 x 150 cm (wings) O.-L. Vrouwekathedraal, Antwerp

7. Marie de Medici, Queen of France Peter Paul Rubens about 1622 Oil on canvas, 130 x 108 cm Madrid, Museo del Prado

8. Anthony Van Dyck Flemish Baroque Artist (1599-1641) –Like most Baroque artists, develops his style after touring Italy –Considered himself a history painter –Famous for London Portraits of Royalty Portrait of Charles I Hunting. ñ. 1635. Oil on canvas. Musee du Louvre, Paris

9. Rinaldo and Armida. 1629. Oil on canvas, 236.5 x 229 cm. The Baltimore Museum of Art.

10. Jan Bruegel the Elder Son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder from the Mannerist tradition Focuses on allegorical landscapes typical of Northern painters –Maintains the inverted perspective of Mannerist painters Used Oil on Copper

11. Allegory of Earth. 1618. Oil on copper, 46 x 67 cm. Musee du Louvre, Paris

12. Frans Snyder, Market Stall. 1614. The Art Institute of Chicago

13. Monday: Hals, Rembrandt, Vermeer –606-609 Tuesday: Intro to French Baroque, de La Tour and Poussin –614-619 Wednesday: Royal Academy, Louvre, Versailles, St. Paul –620-625 Thursday: Intro to Rococo, Watteau, Hogarth –627-632 Friday: Italian Rococo –639-642 Weekly Breakdown

14. Utrecht School Travels to Holland from Antwerp through Rubens –From Ruben’s own association with Carravaggio Strongly Catholic Utrecht prefers the lay Christian realism of Caravaggio over Carracci The School is responsible for preserving the style for future masters such as Hals, Rembrandt, and Vermeer

15. Hendrick Terbrugghen. The Calling of St. Matthew. 1621. Oil on canvas, 101.5 x 137.2 cm. Centraal Museum, Utrecht

17. Frans Hals Portrait painter in Haarlem (1585-1666) Ruben’s robust characters with Caravaggio’s dramatic moment focus Twinkling eyes, open face, crooked smiles, or contrasting austerity Malle Babbe. ñ. 1650. Oil on canvas. 75 x 63.5 cm. Gemaldegalerie, Berlin

18. The Jolly Toper. 1628-30. Oil on canvas. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

19. The Women Regents of the Old Men's Home at Haarlem. 1664. Oil on canvas, 170.3 x 249 cm. Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem

20. Rembrandt van RijnRembrandt van Rijn

21. Rembrandt: A Summary Dutch Painter and Etcher, 1606-1669 –Contact with Caravaggio through Utrecht School –Started as a portrait painter –Rises as large, group portrait painter –Matures as an expressive, yet classical portrait artist with open brush work “A painting is not made to be sniffed.”

22. Rembrandt: Knowledge Try to put well in practice what you already know; and in so doing, you will in good time, discover the hidden things which you now inquire about. Practice what you know, and it will help to make clear what now you do not know.

23. Self Portrait with a Cap, openmouthed, Etching, 1630

24. The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. 1632. Oil on Canvas, The Hague

25. Rembrandt van Rijn. The Blinding of Samson. 1636. Oil on canvas, 2.4 x 3 m. Stadelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt

26. Belsazar's Feast, 1635

28. Rembrandt van Rijn. The Night Watch (The Company of Captain Trans Banning Cocg). 1642. Oil on canvas, 3.8 x 4.4 m. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

29. Rembrandt, Christ Preaching (La petite Tombe), c. 1652 etching, engraving, and drypoint plate: 15.4 x 20.7 cm (6 1/16 x 8 1/8 in.) sheet: 15.9 x 21.1 cm (6 1/4 x 8 5/16 in.)

30. Rembrandt van Rijn. Self- Portrait. 1658. Oil on canvas, 133.6 x 103.8 cm. The Frick Collection, New York

31. Rembrandt van Rijn. The Return of the Prodigal Son. c. 1665. Oil on canvas, 2.6 x2.1 m. Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

32. Johannes Vermeer Dutch painter (1632- 1675) –Focuses on domestic interior scenes of middle class life –Category: Genre Painting –Mediocre popularity gives way to obscurity after death –Discovered again the 19 th century

33. Major Events/Disasters Delft Thunderclap (1654) –30 tonnes of gunpowder explode and destroy half the city –100 people killed, thousands wounded Outbreak of plague (1653-1657) “Year of Disaster” (1672) –3 rd Anglo-Dutch War –Franco-Dutch War –Dismantling of the Dutch Republic

35. Jan Vermeer. The Letter. 1666. Oil on canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

36. Jan Vermeer. Pearl Earring. 1665. Oil on canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam