1. OPENING ACTIVITY 12/1 Pick up an Imperialism Note Guide from the front of the room. –Work on from Nationalism to Imperialism

2. Growth of Imperialism What is Imperialism? A policy in which a stronger nation works to create an empireA policy in which a stronger nation works to create an empire –Emerged in the mid-1800s through the early 1900s How is this done? By dominating weaker nations/territories economically, politically, culturally, or militarily

3. IMPERIALISM Make your nation by completing the steps for your group. Do so quickly! Raise your hand when your group is finished so you can start making your empire!

4. Do you think this game was fair? Why or why not?

5. Group A: England Group B: France Group C: Netherlands Group D: America Group E: Spain

7. Why Imperialism Grew In the late 1800s, there was a large increase in imperialistic activity as a result of the following factors: 1. Economic 2. Nationalist 3. Military 4. Humanitarian The U.S. joined in the competition for territories once it became a world power

8. Economic Factors An overall desire for raw materials & natural resources: World: The growth of industry in Europe created an increased need for natural resources (rubber & petroleum) Manufacturing nations needed new markets in which to sell their goods U.S.:  New markets could solve economic problems  Gain political influence by investing in other countries

9. Lightning Round!

10. What if? How would you react if another family (you are not related) moved into your house, said that you could still live there but they were taking your things, using your things, and were going to take and use anything they wanted to without paying for it? 1.How would you react to this situation? 2.What if they were armed but your family wasn’t? Take 5 minutes to think and respond in your notebook

11. Dec 2 nd Agenda Opening (10) Notes 20 Map activity (20) Closing

12. Opening Activity 12/2 Learning Targets I can understand what imperialism is and why nations look to build empires. I can use a map to identify areas where the US sought to build an empire and the economic and strategic importance of these areas. Answer the following questions in your notebook. 1.What is imperialism? 2.What is an empire? 3.What is the first reason Imperialism Grew during this era? When you answer this question, work on your Imperialism Notesheet

13. What is an Empire?

14. Roman Empire

15. What is an Empire? an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority

17. Nationalistic Factors Used ideas of superiority to justify conquering –Social Darwinism (survival of the fittest) was used to justify this: –certain nations & races were superior to others and were destined to rule over inferior peoples & cultures –Americans feared the U.S. was losing its vitality, energy, & spirit- A quest for a larger empire could restore the country Monroe Doctrine: From 1823, it discouraged European intervention in the Western Hemisphere

18. Military Factors To expand and protect their interests around the world, imperialist nations built up their military strength. World: –Advances in military technology in Europe produced armies & navies superior to those in Africa & Asia –The navies required bases around the world for receiving fuel & supplies

19. Military Factors –Create a strong U.S. Navy—build modern steam-powered, steel- hulled ships to protect overseas trade Economic future depended on naval protection Led to an increased budget—one of most powerful navies in the world By 1900, U.S. had 3 rd largest navy

20. Humanitarian Factors Imperialism spread as a result of the goals of humanitarians:Imperialism spread as a result of the goals of humanitarians: World: –believed it was their duty to spread the “blessings” of Western civilization U.S.: –Used Social Darwinism to justify expansion: Believe expansionism was the nation’s destiny, would spread democracy & Christianityspread democracy & Christianity, and introduce modern civilization to other peoples around the world

21. Eyes on the Prize Americans who pursued expansion focused on 3 main areas of the world: –Latin America –Islands in the Pacific –China

23. Imperialism World Map Using pg 250-255 of your textbook. Find/ Decide which of the 4 factors the US built its empire in these countries. When you are done, pick up crayons and start coloring in your map.

24. Economic= Resources/ trade Military= set up military base Humanitarian= for the people who live there/ religion Nationalist= Because it was our hemisphere/ stop other nations

25. How did we do? I can understand what imperialism is and why nations look to build empires. I can use a map to identify areas where the US sought to build an empire and the economic and strategic importance of these areas.

26. Agenda 12/2 Opener Finish Map Notes 27-34 Who sank the USS Maine?

27. Opening Activity Learning Target I can infer the importance of major events in the overall understanding of the Spanish-American War and their impact on the future of the US. 1.Where did the United States start expanding its empire? 2.Why? When you are done putting these questions in your notebook, keep working on your Imperialism definitions.

28. Involvement in Latin America U.S had strong interest there as a result of the Monroe Doctrine: –Stated that the U.S. would oppose efforts by any outside power to control a nation in the Western Hemisphere –Declaration by President Monroe on 1823 –Within the U.S. a sense/feeling of intense national pride and a desire for an aggressive foreign policy developed— known as jingoism

29. The Spanish-American War Military conflict between the U.S. and Spain –Marked the start of U.S. imperialism –The war began after American demanded Spain to peaceful resolve the Cuban fight for independence and was rejected –Expansionist sentiment & Monroe Doctrine motivated intervention U.S. Army War with Spain campaign streamer.

30. What Led to U.S. Involvement? Yellow Press: Newspapers that used sensational headlines & exaggerated stories in order to promote readership –Rival newspapers publishers Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst were main source –Heightened the public’s dislike of the Spanish government –Americans sympathized with the Cuban rebels who were compared to the patriots of the American Rev.

31. Who sank the USS Maine?! U.S.S. Maine: –Battleship sent to Havana, Cuba when riots broke out –In February, an explosion sank the Maine killing over 250 Americans –Americans blamed Spanish and called for war

32. The USS Maine entering Havana Harbor on January 25, 1898. The Ship would explode three weeks later

33. Opening Activity WHO SANK THE USS MAINE? Finish working on your USS Maine Worksheets. When you are done putting these questions in your notebook, keep working on your Imperialism definitions.When you are done putting these questions in your notebook, keep working on your Imperialism definitions. Learning Target I can infer the importance of major events in the overall understanding of the Spanish-American War and their impact on the future of the US.

34. The recovered mast of the USS Maine is placed as an Arlington National Cemetery memorial to those who died during the 1898 sinking. Wreckage of the Maine, 1898

35. The Spanish-American War Congress recognized Cuban independence –Authorized force against Spain –Began in April 1898 Teller Amendment: Stated that the U.S. had no intention of annexing (adding) Cuba U.S. destroyed Spain’s entire Pacific fleet American troops invaded Cuba Teddy Roosevelt led 1 st Volunteer Cavalry: Rough Riders

36. San Juan Hill The Rough Riders were a group organized and commanded by Roosevelt –Included cowboys, miners, policemen, and college athletes Roosevelt led Rough Riders in a charge up San Juan Hill –Most famous incident of the war –Included African Americans –Spanish surrendered shortly after

37. Charge of the Rough Riders at San Juan Hill by Frederic Remington (1909)

38. Roosevelt and the Rough Riders atop San Juan Hill, Cuba, Spanish-American War, 1898. The charge up San Juan Hill made Roosevelt, along with Admiral Dewey of Navy who experienced great success in the Philippines, the heroes of the war and thrust TR into the national spotlight.

39. “A Splendid Little War” April-July 1898 Treaty of Paris:Treaty of Paris: –Signed in Dec. 1898 to end the war –Spain recognized Cuban independence –U.S. gains Guam & Puerto Rico –U.S. purchased Philippines for $ 20 million Teller Amendment prevented the U.S. from taking Cuba --Sec. Of State John Hay

40. Annexation of Hawaii Important stepping stone to Asia Overthrew Queen Liliuokalani (Lee-lee- oo-al-kal-ani) Annexed (taken in) in 1898 Became the 50th state in 1959 –7 months after Alaska

41. An Open Door to China European nations and the U.S. were interested in creating spheres of influence: areas of economic & political control (by an outside power) in China –Britain, France, Germany, & Russia had carved China into spheres of influence to avoid competing for trade –Within its zone, each power had privileged access to Chinese ports and markets –This system threatened to limit U.S. trade in China

42. Leave the Door Open… John Hay: –U.S. Secretary of State –Proposed the Open Door doctrine to keep the doors of trade open for the Americans, who were too late to profit from the carving up of China. –U.S. urged the Open Door Policy: favored open trade relations between China & other nations –Many European countries rejected this idea

43. Boxer Rebellion Presence of foreigners caused resentment and some in China joined secret societies –One society, the Righteous and Harmonious Fists had the nickname “boxers” for their martial arts training –Boxers killed foreign missionaries in May 1900 and violence against foreigners broke out –Prompted the governments of Europe and America to send troops to stop rebellion U.S. helps put down rebellion –After putting down rebellion, European powers forced China’s government to pay for damages Fueled Chinese nationalists

44. U.S. in Latin America – “The Land Divided, the World United” President Roosevelt wanted to build a canal across the isthmus (small piece of land connecting to larger pieces of land) of Panama Would provide a shorter route between the Atlantic & Pacific –Would make shipping faster –Ease naval transportation

45. Americans try to purchase land from ColumbiaAmericans try to purchase land from Columbia (controlled Panama at this time) –Columbia would not sell –America started revolt for Panamanian independence –Gave aid to Panamanians –Angered many Americans –Roosevelt responds “I took the Canal Zone and let Congress debate; and while the debate goes on the canal does also.”

47. Panama Canal Negatives of the Canal: –Yellow Fever and Malaria, tropical diseases –U.S. sends doctors to help control diseases Canal opens in 1914 (as war breaks out in Europe) –Completed ahead of schedule –Reduces the amount of time and shipping costs

50. “Speak softly & carry a big stick; you will go far.” --Teddy Roosevelt

51. Big Stick Diplomacy Roosevelt’s policy of creating & using, when necessary, a strong military to achieve America’s goals Roosevelt Corollary:Roosevelt Corollary: –1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine—asserted the right of the U.S. to intervene in Latin American nations –US becomes “international police force” – (TR) –Steps in when countries seem unstable

53. The Great White Fleet Teddy Roosevelt's "Big Stick" included a worldwide tour of the American fleet to project American Power. Sent in December 1907 ½ the U.S. Navy was sent on a cruise around the world Demonstrated the nation’s naval power

54. The Great White Fleet

55. Taft & Dollar Diplomacy “Substituting dollars for bullets ” 1908—not as aggressive as Roosevelt Worked to maintain the open door to Asia & preserve stability in Latin America Dollar Diplomacy: –Encouraged American investment abroad to maintain order –Did not always have profitable results

56. Moral Diplomacy Stated that the U.S. would not use force to assert influence in the world, but would instead promote human rights –Stated by President Woodrow Wilson –Attempted to change the direction of foreign policy instead of seeking additional territories –Still forced to use military force in various areas