2. Welcome

3. 名词性从句 ( 一 ) Noun clauses

4. That we will hold a Christmas Party makes us happy. Subject Clause In fact, I feel surprised at the news that you will hold a Christmas Party. Appositive Clause The answer is that we will hold a Christmas Party Predicative Clause

5. 1.Lucy came to China in 2003 and that was when she started up a company with her Chinese partner. 2.The discovery that Chinese was such a difficult language to learn frustrated her. 3. What Lucy found most difficult about learning Chinese was how to pronounce it correctly. 4.However, Lucy was very glad to find that more and more Chinese people were able to speak English and that she could always find someone who could understand her. 5.Then Lucy thought that it would be a waste of time to learn Chinese when others could speak English so well. 6.One day, Lucy was lost, so she asked a policeman if he could take her to her hotel. 7.The problem was that Lucy and the policeman did not speak the same language. 8.Lucy decided that it was important to learn Chinese after all and made up her mind to take classes. predicative apposition subject predicative object predicative object

6. Task I. What is N-clause? 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 { His job is important. What he does is important. 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day. {

7. 宾语 { I don ’ t like his job. I don ’ t like what he does every day. 同位语 { I don ’ t know about the man, Mr. White. I don ’ t know about the fact that he is a teacher.

8. 名词性从句的定义 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses ）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

9. Practice time ： 指出下列各名词性从句的种 类 1.At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. 2. She wondered if the buses would still be running. 3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man ina dark coat. 5. When we will start is not clear. 6. I had no idea that you were her friend. Object clause Predicative clause Object clause Subject clause Apposition clause

10. Task II. 引导词的由来 句型转换 1.They are good doctors. He told us. → 2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.→ He told us that they were good doctors. The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us. 总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变 成名词性从句用 that 引导。

11. 3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? → 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. → Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early? I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans. 总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时， 变成名词性从句用 if 或 whether 引导。

12. 5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? → 6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? → Could you tell me when he bought this new bike? My question is where the lecture will be given. 总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时， 变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑 问词来引导。

13. Complete the following sentences: 1. 我们听到了我们足球队获胜的消息。 We heard the news. 2. 这所房子何时能盖完取决于天气的好坏。 depends on the weather. 4. 那就是他们如何学习外语的。 That’s. 3. 我们必须搞清楚这些都是谁干的。 We must find out. that our football team had won When the house will be built who did all this how they learned a foreign language

14. Task III. 名词性从句的语序、时 态及单复数概念 1.That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy. 2.It was good news that everybody got back safely. 3.She sensed that she was being watched. 4.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 5.Whether he will come or not is unimportant to me. 总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。宾语从句的时态必 须与主句保持一致。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均 看作单数概念。

15. Practice time. 单句改错 1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all. 2.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet. 3.I didn’t know that you will come. 4.He said that he is writing a story. 5.Could you tell me when will he arrive? 6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules. ___ is ______ hasn’t ____ would ___ was ______ he will ___________________ English has

16. Task IV. 名词性从句与 it ★ ★当主语从句放在句首使句子显得笨重时， 一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词 it 作形 式主语。 It’s a pity that you missed the film. It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. It is said that the novel has been translated into English.

17. ★ ★动词 think, make, feel, consider 等后常 用 it 作形式宾语来代替 that 引导的定语从句。 We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone. The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running. I consider it necessary that we should ask him for advice. 巧记 It 作形式代词真能干，可把不定式、 动名词或从句来代办，而让它们后面 站！

18. Practice time: 用形式代词 it 转换下 列名词性从句 1.Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 2.Why he did the work is easy to understand. 3.That her hair was turning grey worried her a bit. 4.He had won the first prize. We thought it was good news.

19. Task V.whether 与 if 的辨用 表 “ 是否 ” 时，在下列情况下用 whether 。 a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. 后接动词不定式 ( whether to do sth.) g.whether or not 引导宾语从句时不用 if

20. Practice time if / whether 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. We ’ re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don ’ t know ___________ he is well. 5. I don ’ t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is _________ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don ’ t know _______ to go. 9.______ you are not free tomorrow, I ’ ll go without you. if / whether Whether whether whether /if whether If

21. Task VI.that 不可省略的几种情况 1. 主语从句、同位语从句中的 that 不能省略 That they are good at English is known to us all. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.

22. 2. 宾语从句中的连接词 that 在以下三种情况 下不能省略： （ 1 ）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作 宾语时，第二个 that 不能省； （ 2 ）当 that 作介词宾语时， that 不可省掉。 （ 3 ）用 it 做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.

23. Practice time: 判断下列各句中的 that 是否可以省略 1.That she was chosen made us very happy. 2.She told me that she would accept my invitation. 3.She said that she would go there on Friday and that she would return the next Wednesday. 4.We think it important that you should do it at once. 5.I didn’t tell him anything except that I wasn’t be able to find my way back.

24. Task VII. 表语从句中的 that, because 和 why The reason why she was late was ______ he didn’t catch the bus. She was late. That’s ______ she didn’t catch the bus. She didn’t catch the bus. That’s ______ she was late. that because why

25. Task VIII. 同位语从句 PK 定语从句 1.We heard the news that our team had won the game. 2.The news that you told us yesterday was really disappointing. 技巧 试加法 / 成分法 1.The news was that our team had won the game. 2.The news was that you told us. 

26. Practice : 判断下列各句是同位语 从句还是定语从句 1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. 2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. 4. I can't stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. 同位语从句 定语从句 同位语从句

27. 高考链接 1. It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003 上海 ) A. that B. when C. what D. how 2. --- I think it’s going to be a big problem. --- Yes, it could be. --- I wonder ___ we do about it.(2002 上海春 ) A. if B. how C. what D. that 3. You should make it a rule to leave things ___ you can find them often. (1999NMET) A. when B. where C. then D. there 4. A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do. (2001NMET) A. how B. after C. what D. when 5. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ___ I disagree. (2004 NMET) A. why B. where C. what D. how 地点状语 : 在 … 的地方

28. 6. I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 NMET) A. this B. that C. it D. one 7. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ___ they insist on going by motor-bike. (2004NMET) A. Why B. whether C. when D. how 8. We can’t figure out ___ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.(2004 北京 ) A. that B. as C. why D. when 9. After Yang Liwei succeeded circling the earth, ___ our astronauts have to do is walk in space. (2004 上海 ) A. where B. what C. that D. how 10. A story goes ___ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (2004 上海 ) A. when B. where C. what D. that

29. 综合测试 1. The question is ____the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2. News came ______ the students would put off the outing until next week, when they wouldn’t be busy. A. thatB. whenC. whichD. whether C A

30. 3. —What’s the matter with you? —You have no idea ______. A. how I was worriedB. how worried was I C. how was I worriedD. how worried I was 4. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s ______ I got well all through. A. howB. because C. whyD. that 5. He is absent today. That’s ______ he is ill. A. whenB. because C. whyD. that D C B

31. 6. Whether the sports meet will be held ______ yet. A. hasn’t decidedB. aren’t decide C. haven’t been decidedD. isn’t decided 7. _______ he spoke at the meeting is true, but ______ he said isn’t interesting. A. What; whatB. That; what C. That; thatD. What; that D B

32. 8.______ is disappointing that you can’t come to my birthday party the day after tomorrow. A. ItB. This C. ThatD. Which 9. The news ____ three Chinese engineers in Pakistan were killed surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 10.He made ____ clear that he would leave soon. A. thatB. thisC. itD. what A B C

33. 总结 (Summary)  名词性从句的定义 名词性从句的定义  引导词的由来 引导词的由来  名词性从句的语序、时态及单复数概念 名词性从句的语序、时态及单复数概念  名词性从句与 it 名词性从句与 it  whether 与 if 的辨用 whether 与 if 的辨用  that 不可省略的几种情况 that 不可省略的几种情况  表语从句中的 that, because 和 why 表语从句中的 that, because 和 why  同位语从句 PK 定语从句 同位语从句 PK 定语从句