1. What sciences and skills help us analyze the past?

2. What is History?? Hist ory is the study of people and events of the past. It is our job to take these studies and apply them to our present lives. There are many different perspectives about the story of history - everyone has their own version, and it is our job to understand that there is ALWAYS bias in history. Bias: To show prejudice for or against someone or something unfairly

3. Archaeology The study of past human societies through the material left behind (like bones or pottery pieces) Example: skull of an ancient human, tools, weapons, clothing Archeologists find and analyze these artifacts to learn about the societies and cultures of the past.

4. Geography: the study of the Earth and its lands, features, and creatures

5. Anthropology The study of humans: our ancestors, how we behave, and our physical traits Example: the culture of the Neanderthals

6. Political Science: The study of the relationships in politics and the connections they can make

7. Economics The study of the use of goods and services The study of the efficient use of resources

8. Sociology: The study of societies and how they work

9. What do these things have to do with history? We use these different tools to help us understand what happened in the past.. Example: a historian can use the geography of Rome to help him or her figure out why the city developed the way it did.

10. So…what evidence do we use as historians?

11. PRIMARY SOURCES Primary sources are things that were produced as the event was happening. EXAMPLES: official documents, first-hand accounts, and visual evidence (pictures, paintings, etc)

12. SECONDARY SOURCES Secondary sources are a source created by someone either not present when an event took place, or removed in time from the event. Examples: A history textbook, or a biography written about Abraham Lincoln today

13. BUT… Our job is to INTERPRET these sources for bias. We need to ask 3 questions when analyzing: what is this source telling me? whose point of view is it? what other points of views do we need?

14. What type of sources are these?

15. Source practice

16. Questions Answer the following questions on a sheet of notebook paper: 1. Define the following terms: archaeology, geography, anthropology, political science, economics, and sociology 2. Why is the declaration of independence a primary source? 3. Why is a history textbook a secondary source? 4. Think of your own example of a secondary source and explain why it is one.