1. © Cengage Learning 2015 11 th Edition Fitness & Wellness Werner W. K. Hoeger Sharon A. Hoeger Assessment of Physical Fitness 2

2. © Cengage Learning 2015 In This Chapter Identify Health related components of physical fitness DetermineRecommended body weight Understand Body composition Muscular strength and endurance Assess Cardiorespiratory fitness Muscular strength and flexibility Body composition Disease risk

3. © Cengage Learning 2015 Physical Fitness: Health Components Cardiorespiratory Endurance Muscular Strength Muscular Flexibility Muscular Endurance Body Composition

4. © Cengage Learning 2015 Responders Versus Nonresponders After several months of aerobic training, VO 2max increases 15-20 percent Genetics play a role in physiological response to exercise Non-responders show little or no improvement compared to others in same exercise program

5. © Cengage Learning 2015 Fitness Assessment Battery Metabolic profile: better insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, cholesterol levels Metabolic fitness: improvements in metabolic profile can be seen even without aerobic or weight-loss changes Health fitness standards: improvement in metabolic fitness Physical fitness standard: gives people independence throughout the lifespan

6. © Cengage Learning 2015 Health and Fitness Benefits

7. © Cengage Learning 2015 Cardiorespiratory Endurance Measured by Maximal Oxygen Uptake, VO 2 max : The maximum amount of oxygen the body can use per minute of activity

8. © Cengage Learning 2015 Cardiorespiratory Endurance (cont’d.) Caloric Expenditure using VO 2max 5 calories per liter of O 2 consumed 1.5-mile Run Test to estimate VO 2max Run 1.5 miles as fast as you can Use table to estimate VO 2max 1.0-mile Walk Test to estimate VO 2max Walk one mile as fast as you can Use formula to estimate VO 2max

9. © Cengage Learning 2015 Cardiorespiratory Endurance (cont’d.)

10. © Cengage Learning 2015 Muscular Fitness (Strength and Endurance) Increases lean (muscle) tissue Stress bones, decreases osteoporosis risk Increase resting metabolism Encourages weight loss Improves balance, restores mobility Makes lifting and reach easier Some ways that muscular strength affects your life:

11. © Cengage Learning 2015 Muscular Fitness (Strength and Endurance) (cont’d.) One Repetition Maximum Time consuming Time consuming Skill required Skill required Strength Number of repetitions over time: Bench jump Bench jump Modified dip or push-upModified dip or push-up Bent-leg curl-up Bent-leg curl-up Endurance

12. © Cengage Learning 2015 Muscular Flexibility Defined Achievable range of motion at joint without causing injury Assessed Sit and Reach Test Finger Touch Test Evaluated Total points for both tests and use table to determine fitness category

13. © Cengage Learning 2015 Muscular Flexibility (cont’d.) Maintains joint mobility Increases resistance to injury and soreness Improves postural alignment Enhances proper and graceful movement Improves appearance and self-image Facilitates development of motor skills Some ways that muscular flexibility affects your life:

14. © Cengage Learning 2015 Body Composition Fat and nonfat components of human body Non-fat component is Lean Body Mass Fat component is Percent Body Fat

15. © Cengage Learning 2015 Body Composition (cont’d.)

16. © Cengage Learning 2015 Assessing Body Composition Hydrostatic Weighing Compares buoyancy underwater to regular weight Skinfold Thickness Calipers measure thickness of fat under skin and table assists in calculating total body fat percent Body Mass Index Weight (kg) / Height (meters) 2 Less-used Tests Bioelectrical Impedance Air displacement

17. © Cengage Learning 2015 Body Composition (cont’d.)

18. © Cengage Learning 2015 Effects of Exercise and Diet on Body Composition

19. © Cengage Learning 2015 Do you consciously attempt to incorporate as much physical activity as possible into your activities of daily living? Are you familiar with the following concepts? –Components of physical fitness –Assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness –Assessment of muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility –Body composition Assess Yourself