1. The latest development from Trimble Vidar Tangen 21 October, 2008

2. Agenda Surveyors perspective VRS networks – Receiver – Antenna Integrated Surveying Speculations about the future

3. ”Get the job done !” – Fast Initialization – Reliable No false fix Work in any condition – Solar flares – Snow, hail, rain… – Cm accuracy – Control measurements Repeated visits ? – Usability Cities Forests Surveyors perspective

4. Nordic VRS infrastructure

5. Trimble VRS

6. VRS Infrastructure in the Nordic countries THE most important part of the survey GPRS/GSM available Trimble GPS Net – SWEPOS, CPOS, GPSnet.fi, GPSnet.dk – provide cm accuracy to users – handle CORS – ensures highest quality data Maintains highest order CP network Monitoring Deformation analysis Long time series (NB ! Antenna) No need for local base station

7. Functionality Price NetR3 NetRS NetR5 Trimble NetR8 Latest CORS

8. Latest CORS Trimble NetR8 - Key Features Released during ION GNSS 2008 4 Power Sources including PoE 3x Serial Ports, Ethernet, Lemo, Bluetooth Ext. frequency 76 channels – GPS – L1, L2, L2C, L5 – GLONASS – G1, G2 – SBAS – WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS and Omnistar

9. Latest GNSS Antennas Radome – Radar + Dome Protects receiving element and LNA from sun and moisture Mounting method – 5/8”-11 Thread

10. Characteristics of Satellite Signals 1188MHz 1214MHz 1217MHz 1239MHz 1260MHz 1261MHz 1300MHz 1559MHz 1563MHz 1587MHz 1591MHz 1593MHz 1610MHz Lower L-Band Upper L-Band 1237MHz GNSS Frequency Plan GPS L2 GPS L1 1164MHz Galileo E1 L1 E2 Galileo E6 Galileo E5A Galileo E5B GPS L5 GLONASS G2 GLONASS G1 1188MHz 1214MHz 1217MHz 1239MHz 1260MHz 1261MHz 1300MHz 1559MHz 1563MHz 1587MHz 1591MHz 1593MHz 1610MHz RNSS Band Lower L-Band Upper L-Band RNSS Band 1151MHz1237MHz ARNS Band RNSS Band GLONASS G3 ?

11. Latest GNSS antenna Block Unwanted Signals – Ground Plane Metal Disk Blocks signals from below – Choke Ring 1/4 wave trap No surface waves – Zephyr Geodetic mod. 2 Resistive Ground Plane - Trimble Stealth GP Resistance increases from element to outer edge Consumes unwanted signals GPS L1, L2, L5 Glonass L1, L2, L3 Galileo E1, E2, E5, E6 SBAS – WAAS, EGNOS, QZSS, Gagan, MSAS and OmniStar.

12. VRS Infrastructure in the Nordic countries Future effects – L5 increases reference station spacing – More robust signals Better suited to handle solar flares – Better modelling of error sources – Broader bandwith needed to reference stations – Additional functionality Real time quality control message ?

13. Integrated Surveying The Trimble Concept for combining GNSS and Totalstations

14. GNSSTotal Station Networks Open Areas Quarries Open Pits Road Stakeout Urban Areas Obstructed Areas Tunnels Buildings 3D Stakeout Obstructions Trees Urban Areas Canyons Inside Buildings Missing CPs Unusable CPs Subsidence, Tectonics Blocked line of sight Walls, Hedges, Buildings,… Preferred Tasks Problematic Areas Complementary systems

15. Trimble IS Rover Combination of Latest GNSS and TS Robotic Pole GPS Receiver Controller 2.4 GHz Radio Bluetooth RefStat. GSM/GPRS/Radio

16. Trimble ® Integrated Surveying™ IS Rover GPS Observation of temporary CPs In open areas During interrupted line of sight Not only on TS point Total Station Local control for calibration In case of obstructions Interrupted correction data link Combination Less station setups Direct mutual control Guaranteed data integrity Homogeneous data file from both sources

17. Looking ahead Getting the job done – Fast - faster Combining 3G will give us ’instantaneous’ initialization (Some scientists say ’Inst. Ambiguity resolution’ w/L5) – Reliable – more reliable L5 improved multipath Using complementary survey techniques Using independent GNSS systems as ’real time control’ – Cm accuracy Expected Better geometry More monitoring stations, thorough analyzis, timely adjustments

18. Looking ahead Getting the job done – Usability – greatly increase ! A huge (!) amount of available satellites Stronger more robust signals (L2C, L5…) GIOVE-B signals + better clocks provide: – higher accuracy in challenging environments where multipath and interference are present GNSS in difficult (impossible) places (once initialized, maintain lock) – New combinations of survey techniques (INS)

19. Looking ahead A glimpse into the future…

20. Thanks for your attention!