2. Industrial Revolution Begins Industriali- zation Indust. Spreads Reforming Industrial World Vocab.Mystery 10 20 30 40 50

3. Question 1 - 10 The increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18 th century is referred to as what?

4. Answer 1 – 10 The Industrial Revolution

5. Question 1 - 20 Who is credited with inventing the cotton gin?

6. Answer 1 – 20 Eli Whitney

7. Question 1 - 30 The introduction of ________ _________ helped to launch the railway age that brought the transportation of people and materials to new levels.

8. Answer 1 – 30 Steam Engine

9. Question 1 - 40 List at least 2 natural resources that are necessary for industrialization to occur.

10. Answer 1 – 40 Waterpower and coal to fuel the new machines Iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings Rivers for inland transportation Harbors from which merchant ships set sail

11. Question 1 - 50 What machine was invented by Jethro Tull and allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths?

12. Answer 1 – 50 Seed Drill

13. Question 2 - 10 On average, how many hours a day were people required to work?

14. Answer 2 – 10 14 hours a day, 6 days a week

15. Question 2 - 20 A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers is known as the _________ ________.

16. Answer 2 – 20 Middle Class

17. Question 2 - 30 Describe the difference between urban and rural.

18. Answer 2 – 30 Rural: describes cities or towns that are based on agriculture. Urban: cities that are based on industry and/or factories.

19. Question 2 - 40 List at least two positive effects of the Industrial Revolution.

20. Answer 2 – 40 Positive: – Created jobs for many workers – Nations became wealthier – Increased production of goods – Raised the standard of living – Healthier diets – Better housing – Cheaper, mass produced clothing – Expanded educational opportunities

21. Question 2 - 50 Describe the middle and working classes of society during the Industrial Revolution.

22. Answer 2 – 50 The Middle Class: a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers. – Upper: government employees, doctors, lawyers, and managers of factories, mines and shops. – Lower: factory overseers, skilled workers, toolmakers, mechanical drafters, printers The Working Class: laborers within society.

23. Question 3 – 10 In what way was Britain “greedy” with their industrial secrets?

24. Answer 3 – 10 It forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving Great Britain

25. Question 3 - 20 What event caused the U.S. to begin their own Industrial Revolution?

26. Answer 3 – 20 The War of 1812 – British blockade of trade

27. Question 3 - 30 List at least one specific event that halted trade, interrupted communications and caused inflation in continental Europe.

28. Answer 3 – 30 The French Revolution Napoleonic Wars

29. Question 3 - 40 T/F: Life expectancy was increased for the average factory worker.

30. Answer 3 – 40 False.

31. Question 3 - 50 Explain the process of imperialism.

32. Answer 3 – 50 The policy of extending one country’s rule over many other lands.

33. Question 4 - 10 Who is credited with writing the Wealth of Nations in which he describes the three natural laws of economics?

34. Answer 4 – 10 Adam Smith

35. Question 4 - 20 Name at least two people who were influenced by Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto.

36. Answer 4 – 20 Russia’s Lenin Cuba’s Fidel Castro

37. Question 4 - 30 What economic policy is a form of complete socialism in which the people own the production and property?

38. Answer 4 – 30 Communism

39. Question 4 - 40 List at least two major reform movements that rose out of the Industrial Revolution.

40. Answer 4 – 40 Unions Slavery Women’s rights Education

41. Question 4 - 50 List Adam Smith’s three natural laws of economics.

42. Answer 4 – 50 The Law of Self-Interest: people work for their own benefit. The Law of Competition: competition forces people to make better products and prices The Law of Supply and Demand: enough goods will be produced at the lowest possible price to meet demand in a market economy

43. Question 5 - 10 Resources that are needed to produce goods and services that the Industrial Revolution required such as land, labor, and capital (or wealth).

44. Answer 5 – 10 Factors of Production

45. Question 5 - 20 To raise money entrepreneurs sold shares of _________, or certain rights of ownership.

46. Answer 5 – 20 Stock

47. Question 5 - 30 This term is an economic policy in which owners of industry and business set working conditions without government interference.

48. Answer 5 – 30 Laissez-faire economics

49. Question 5 - 40 During the Industrial Revolution, many _________ engaged in collective bargaining and made negotiations between workers and employers. If factory owners refused the demands of the workers, members would _________, or refuse to work.

50. Answer 5 – 40 Unions Strike

51. Question 5 - 50 Explain the difference between Communism and Capitalism.

52. Answer 5 – 50 Capitalism: an economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit. Communism: an economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people, private property doesn’t exist and all goods and services are shared equally.

53. Question 6 – 10 Who flocked to cities after new factories began to pop-up in the U.S.?

54. Answer 6 - 10 Young single women in search of higher wages and independence.

55. Question 6 – 20 What would happen to a child who was late to work, fooled around, or did not work fast enough?

56. Answer 6 – 20 The children would either be fired and replaced, or beaten.

57. Question 6 – 30 Overall, the Industrial Revolution increased _____________between industrialized nations and __________in less-developed nations.

58. Answer 6 – 30 Competition Poverty

59. Question 6 – 40 Which British factory owner improved working conditions for his employees and founded the New Harmony cooperative community?

60. Answer 6 – 40 Robert Owen

61. Question 6 – 50 Describe the relationship of industrialized and non-industrialized countries.

62. Answer 6 – 50 Even though it strengthened their economic ties, Industrialization widened the wealth gap between industrialized and nonindustrialized countries. Industrialized countries received raw materials from nonindustrialized ones and nonidustrialized countries received finished goods from the industrialized ones.