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Published byJesse Knight Modified over 8 years ago
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COURSE: Intro to Woods Construction UNIT: Wood Type Identification
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Terms to Know Hard Wood Soft Wood Plank End Grain Knots Grain Straight, wavy Texture Fine, Medium, Coarse
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This Lesson Will Include: Description Uses Plank Identification End Grain Identification Ash Cedar Cherry Maple Osage Orange Walnut Hickory / Pecan Red Oak White Oak
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White Ash
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White Ash: Description Considered the all-American wood. Ash is very durable, course textured, making it both flexible and shock resistant.
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White Ash: Uses Wood of choice for: pool cues oars Garden tool handles Baseball Bats AKA: White Ash, Green Ash, Black Ash AKA: White Ash, Green Ash, Black Ash
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White Ash Plank
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White Ash Plank
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White Ash End Grain
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Cedar
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Cedar: Description Aromatic Straight grain, fine texture and contains numerous knots and bark inclusions. Called a "cedar", but in fact not a cedar at all. Instead, the timber comes from a juniper. Oil and Scent claimed to repel moths. Naturally rot resistant
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Cedar: Uses Chests / Storage Boxes Closets Decorative Trim work AKA: Aromatic Cedar, Virginia Pencil Cedar
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Cedar Plank Sharp color contrast
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Cedar End Grain Dreaded “blue stain”
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Cherry
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Cherry: Description North America's highest prized wood Helped to develop the cabinet industry. Straight, fine grain, reddish color Most desirable hardwood
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Cherry: Uses Cabinets Furniture AKA: Black Cherry
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Cherry Plank
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Cherry End Grain
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Maple
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Maple: Description Clear, white sapwood. Maple is hard, heavy, dense, and straight grained. Resists wear and abrasion Distinctive features of grain produce birds-eye and curly figured woods. Birds-eye caused by growth defect in the tree; Birds-eye caused by growth defect in the tree;
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Maple: Uses Heavy / Highly used Furniture Found as flooring in gymnasiums Bowling alleys. AKA: Rock Maple, Sugar Maple
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Maple Plank Normal Bird’s Eye
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Maple End Grain Minimal Appearance
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Osage Orange
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Osage Orange: Description Medium to hard wood. Golden yellow to bright orange Medium / coarse texture, straight grained. Machines good with sharp power tools
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Osage Orange: Uses Mainly Outdoor Decorative Contains High BTU. However usually too hot for fire wood. Corner Posts. AKA: hedge apple, bois d’arc wood
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Osage Orange Plank
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Osage Orange End Grain Sharp color contrast
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Walnut
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Walnut: Description Sought for its beauty and toughness. It is semi straight grained. Wavy and course texture. Dark brown to purplish black color. Glues well and holds bending properties. Glues well and holds bending properties.
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Walnut: Uses Furniture Products that require bent components AKA: American Walnut
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Walnut Plank
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Walnut End Grain
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Hickory / Pecan
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Hickory/Pecan: Description Similar species. Pecan is a hickory type. Very heavy Elastic and strong. High shrinkage as it seasons. Toughest and strongest American wood in common use.
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Hickory/Pecan: Description Burns and steam-bends well. Hickory = Stronger Pecan = not as dense Difficult to positively differentiate the various species in this genus
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Hickory/Pecan: Uses Furniture with high useage. Similar to Maple usage, but cheaper alternative.
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Hickory/Pecan Plank Pecan (Top) Hickory (Bottom)
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Hickory/Pecan End Grain Pecan (left) Hickory (right)
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Red Oak
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Red Oak: Description Most common hardwood species. Non-durable, straight-grained wood. Grows very fast in relation to other hard woods. Grows very fast in relation to other hard woods.
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Red Oak: Uses Interior woodworking Hardwood flooring Red Oak AKA: Spanish Oak
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White Oak
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White Oak: Description Straight-grained, moderate course texture Pale-yellow to brown color. Resistant to exterior adversities.
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White Oak: Uses Most valuable aspect – cells contain honeycomb like substance called tyloses. This makes white oak watertight. Great for boat building and whiskey barrels. Produces the finest oak veneers White Oak AKA: Chestnut Oak
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Oak Plank White Oak (top) Red Oak ( bottom)
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Oak End Grain Red Oak (left) White Oak (right)
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