1. Art and Architecture Pantheon, Colosseum, Forum Contribution 1

2. Pantheon Temple built for the Roman gods.Temple built for the Roman gods. The large dome, which allows light into the interiorThe large dome, which allows light into the interior An architectural masterpieceAn architectural masterpiece

3. Pantheon Fun way to remember the Pantheon…. The top looks like a PAN!

4. Inside the Pantheon

5. The Pantheon inspired many buildings in the US!

6. Colosseum Ancient sports arenaAncient sports arena Gladiators were criminals, slaves or prisoners of warGladiators were criminals, slaves or prisoners of war Could hold over 50,000 peopleCould hold over 50,000 people

7. Interior of the Colosseum of Rome The Colosseum was a large amphitheater.The Colosseum was a large amphitheater. Amphitheaters were built throughout the empire.Amphitheaters were built throughout the empire. They varied in size  Colosseum in Rome was the largest!They varied in size  Colosseum in Rome was the largest!

10. p. 165

11. Notice all the arches?

12. Forum The center of government The center of government Included:Included: 1.The Senate 2.The Emperor’s palace 3.Markets 4.Meeting places 5.Other government buildings

13. The Forum = Symbol of Civic Life The Forum had: Shopping plazasShopping plazas Open marketsOpen markets TemplesTemples Gathering places for political and social debateGathering places for political and social debate Packed with crowds throughout the day, the Forum became an important meeting ground for the many classes of Romans, all taking part in the social and economic life of the city simultaneously.

16. Technology Roads, Aqueducts, Arches Contribution 2

17. Roman Roads Builders set a straight line of fires at night Dig trenches and line the sides of the trench with massive curbstones  foundation to support the road Built up the road by filling the trench with layers of stones, gravel, and sand A smooth, hard surface was made of gravel or flat stones called “paving stones” Incorporated a drainage system The largest and longest- lasting network of roads in the ancient world.

18. Roman roads lasted for hundreds of years. Eventually, Roman roads allowed people from all over the empire to reach RomeEventually, Roman roads allowed people from all over the empire to reach Rome Created a unique city filled with people of many cultures.Created a unique city filled with people of many cultures.

19. Roman Roads

21. Aqueducts Problem : rain water was dirty and full of sewage Solution : Aqueducts brought clean water to cities from far away

22. p. 163

23. Roman Arch Made taller and heavier structures more stable.Made taller and heavier structures more stable. Allows creation of large doors and windows.Allows creation of large doors and windows. Keystone Piers Voussoirs

25. Scientific Discoveries Roman scientist Ptolemy made many advances in astronomy, including the geocentric theory.Roman scientist Ptolemy made many advances in astronomy, including the geocentric theory. Geocentric Theory: Earth is the center of the universe and all planets revolve around it. Contribution 3

26. Medicine Emphasis on public health: 1.Public baths 2.Public water system 3.Medical schools Contribution 4

27. public bath houses

28. Public water systems

29. Medical Schools Romans were some of the first to take an interest in the health of common people.Romans were some of the first to take an interest in the health of common people. Opened medical schools using knowledge gained from all over the empire.Opened medical schools using knowledge gained from all over the empire.

30. Language Latin was the official language of the Roman government.Latin was the official language of the Roman government. Overtime, Christian missionaries brought Latin to the territories beyond the Roman EmpireOvertime, Christian missionaries brought Latin to the territories beyond the Roman Empire Latin-speaking people in these various lands gradually changed the language.Latin-speaking people in these various lands gradually changed the language. Evolved into several “Romance languages”  languages influenced by the RomansEvolved into several “Romance languages”  languages influenced by the Romans Contribution 5

31. Legacy of Latin Latin became the universal language of learning in Europe.Latin became the universal language of learning in Europe. Many English words have Latin rootsMany English words have Latin roots deci = tendeci = ten aqua = wateraqua = water Scientific names are still written in LatinScientific names are still written in Latin Homo sapiensHomo sapiens

32. Evolution of Romance Languages Latin influenced all Romance Languages 1.Spanish 2.French 3.Italian 4.Portuguese

33. Literature Virgil’s Aeneid = Latin epicVirgil’s Aeneid = Latin epic Legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who traveled to Italy where he became the ancestor of the RomansLegendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who traveled to Italy where he became the ancestor of the Romans Contribution 6

34. Religion Transition from Roman mythology to ChristianityTransition from Roman mythology to Christianity Christianity = the imperial religion (official state religion)Christianity = the imperial religion (official state religion) Contribution 7

35. Roman Law “Innocent until proven guilty” is from Roman law“Innocent until proven guilty” is from Roman law Ideas from the Twelve Tables are used by later governmentsIdeas from the Twelve Tables are used by later governments Contribution 8