1. Splash Screen

2. Chapter Menu Introduction Section 1: Section 1: The Economy Section 2: Section 2: People and Their Environment Visual Summary

3. Chapter Intro 1 North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia contain a large share of the world’s oil and natural gas reserves. A study of the region today will explain how its natural resources influence the global economy and what challenges the region faces, including water scarcity, political instability, and destructive wars.

4. Chapter Intro 2 Section 1: The Economy Changes occur in the use, distribution, and importance of natural resources. Large oil and natural gas reserves have brought tremendous economic growth to some of the region’s countries and have affected its relations with other world regions.

5. Chapter Intro 3 Section 2: People and Their Environment Human actions modify the physical environment. Throughout the region, new technologies and destructive wars have created many environmental problems.

6. Chapter Preview-End

7. Section 1-GTR The Economy North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia’s large oil and natural gas reserves have brought economic growth to some of the region’s countries and have affected its relations with other regions.

8. Section 1-GTR arable The Economy landlocked embargo economic commodity crude oil petrochemical energy strategic

9. Section 1-GTR A.Istanbul The Economy B.Gulf of Aqaba C.Strait of Hormuz D.Baku E.Batumi

10. A.A B.B C.C Section 1 Petroleum is also referred to as what? A.Black earth B.Black gold C.Black oil The Economy

11. Section 1 Economic activities in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia are influenced by oil, natural gas, and water. Economic Activities Only a small part of the region’s land is arable, yet a large percentage of the population works in agriculture.

12. Section 1 Agriculture and fishing: –Cereal crops –Citrus fruits –Grapes –Olives –Dates –Cotton Economic Activities (cont.)

13. Section 1 Economic Activities (cont.) –Silkworms –Potatoes –Tea –Sardines –Mackerel Total Land Area vs. Arable Land (selected countries)

14. Section 1 Industry: –Petroleum and oil products –Natural gas –Coal and copper mining Economic Activities (cont.) North Africa, Southwest Asia, Central Asia: Economic Activity

15. Section 1 Service industries: –Banking, real estate, and insurance industries –Tourism Economic Activities (cont.)

16. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 How much of the world’s oil supply comes from this region? A.30% B.40% C.50% D.60%

17. Section 1 Advancements in transportation and communications are improving throughout the region, but the physical environment and government control have limited some development. Transportation and Communications Road systems are unevenly distributed across the region.

18. Section 1 Transportation and Communications (cont.) Some governments have built rapid-transit systems and railroads. The growth of the air travel industry has benefited the region.

19. Section 1 Water transportation is vital to the region: –The Strait of Tiran –The Strait of Hormuz –The Suez Canal Transportation and Communications (cont.) Waterways and Oil Pipelines

20. Section 1 Pipelines are another important transportation system. Communications: Transportation and Communications (cont.) –Television and radio broadcasting is expanding, although government control still limits programming in some areas. –Wireless service and solar-powered radiophones are bringing telephone service to more people.

21. Section 1 –Cell phones are common in major cities. –Some areas have computer and Internet access. Transportation and Communications (cont.)

22. Section 1 Two new silk roads: –Telecommunications highway (cable that follows the Silk Road) –Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA) also follows the Silk Road. Transportation and Communications (cont.)

23. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 Which landforms make building roads difficult in this region? A.Mountains and deserts B.Rivers and mountains C.Lakes and forests D.Tundra and deserts

24. Section 1 Interdependence among the countries of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia is growing, as is the region’s interdependence with the rest of the world. Trade and Interdependence Good transportation and communications networks are increasing the interaction between countries in this region. Oil Reserves in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia, 2006

25. Section 1 Trade and Interdependence (cont.) More developed countries are lending money to less developed countries. The U.S.-Central Asia trade council has strengthened relationships. Eight of the region’s oil-producing countries have become a majority of OPEC. World Oil Prices, 1980–2006

26. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 During the 1970s, OPEC placed an embargo on shipments of oil to the U.S. for what reason? A.For aiding Israel B.For refusing to export products to Iraq C.For invading Kuwait D.None of the above

27. Section 1-End

28. Section 2-GTR People and Their Environment Throughout the region, new technologies and destructive wars have created many environmental problems.

29. Section 2-GTR aquifer People and Their Environment capacity desalination project regime

30. Section 2-GTR A.Aswān High Dam People and Their Environment B.Elburz Mountains C.Aral Sea

31. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 Do you know which country has the most problems in this region? A.Iraq B.Iran C.Afghanistan D.Egypt People and Their Environment

32. Section 2 Growing populations in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia severely strain the already scarce water resources. Managing Resources Water resources: –Rivers –Oases –Aquifers

33. Section 2 Managing Resources (cont.) Desalination is an important process in order to meet the need for freshwater. Libya’s Great Man-Made River is an ambitious effort to supply freshwater. The Importance of Freshwater in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia

34. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 The region has about which percentage of the world’s freshwater-production capacity? A.30% B.40% C.50% D.60%

35. Section 2 New technologies and destructive wars have increased environmental problems in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia. Human Impact Positive impact of the Aswān High Dam: –Controls the Nile’s floods –Irrigates around 3 million acres of land

36. Section 2 Human Impact (cont.) –Supplies some of Egypt’s electricity –Created the world’s largest human-made lake, Lake Nasser

37. Section 2 Human Impact (cont.) Negative impacts of dam: –Loss of alluvial soil –The land retains salt. –The health of people and their livestock suffers.

38. Section 2 Human Impact (cont.) Negative impacts of war effecting the environment: –Iraqi troops set fire to 700 oil wells. –Iraqi troops dumped about 250 million gallons of oil into the Persian Gulf. –Recent oil slick damaged Lebanese coast and Mediterranean Sea

39. Section 2 Human Impact (cont.) Three seas troubled by environmental problems: –The Caspian Sea –The Aral Sea –The Dead Sea

40. Section 2 Human Impact (cont.) Nuclear and chemical dangers: –Kazakhstan was once home to Soviet nuclear bases and heavy industry, and is still severely affected by radiation and pollution. –People in Kyrgyzstan also suffer from pollution. Radioactive and Chemical Hazards in Central Asia

41. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 What percentage of the Dead Sea’s feeder rivers is diverted for irrigation and hydroelectric plants? A.60% B.70% C.80% D.90%

42. Section 2-End

43. VS 1 Black Gold! The region of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia contains more oil than all other world regions combined. As more and more countries become industrialized, the demand for oil has increased, making countries with large oil reserves very wealthy. Most of the oil-producing countries in the region have joined OPEC and help set the supply and price of oil around the world.

44. VS 2 Water in the Desert?

45. VS-End

46. Figure 1

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48. Figure 3

49. Figure 4

50. Figure 5

51. Figure 6

52. Figure 7

53. DFS Trans 1 the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmara, and the Bosporus

54. DFS Trans 2

55. Vocab1 arable suitable for growing crops

56. Vocab2 commodity goods produced for sale

57. Vocab3 crude oil unrefined petroleum

58. Vocab4 petrochemical chemical product derived from petroleum or natural gas

59. Vocab5 landlocked enclosed or nearly enclosed by land

60. Vocab6 embargo a ban on trade

61. Vocab7 aquifer underground water-bearing layers of porous rock, sand, or gravel

62. Vocab8 desalination the removal of salt from seawater to make it usable for drinking and farming

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