1. Ethnic Conflict in Rwanda By Matt, Ani, Austin

2. Maps

3. Ethnic Groups in Rwanda Rwanda has a cluster of Hutu, the main ethnic group in Rwanda. The Tutsi are the other ethnic group in Rwanda fighting for power. The Tutsi feel overpowered by the Hutus because of the population of Hutus.

4. Cultural Conflict (Political) The Hutu president, President Habyarimana was shot down in a plane by Tutsi extremists. Hutus extremists responded by killing innocent Tutsis. 800,000 people were killed in 100 days.

5. Outside Forces After World War I, Belgium occupied Rwanda. The country’s ethnic groups got forced into one country when Rwanda finally gained independence. The United States, France, and Belgium knew about the preparations of the massacre but refused to intervene. Additionally, political leaders refused or failed to intervene with the Hutu extremists even after the genocide started. Part of the decision was influenced by Rwandan extremists that killed Belgian officers, and the UN cutting the Belgian peacekeeping force by 90%.

6. Timeline 1916- Belgium occupies Rwanda after WWI 1961 - Rwanda proclaimed a republic. 1990 - Forces of Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invade Rwanda from Uganda. 1992- Hutus and Tutsis are involved in Civil War 1994- Radical Hutus attack and kill 800,000 Tutsis 1995- UN appointed Tribunal tries the Hutu radicals. 2003- First democratic elections are held. Ethnic hatred abolished. 2014- Rwanda has a week long mourning for the 20 year anniversary of the conflict. 1993- President of Rwanda signs an agreement ending the Civil War

7. Ethnic Conflict Reflecting the 5 Themes Place: Located near the bottom to middle part of Africa Location: Ethnicities are in Rwanda -- borders the DR Congo, Tanzania, Burundi, and Uganda Human-Environment Interaction: Resources diminished due to the refugees Movement: Created many refugees (Tutsis) that had to flee the countries to escape from the Hutu extremists and the hardships of Civil War. Region: Sub-Saharan Africa

8. 5 Photos

9. Solutions 1. If we stick with the status quo, then there will be no problems as the UN tried the leaders of the extremists to insert a democratic system in place. 1. To prevent the past, the solution would be to create a petition to try and convince the UN to step in before the genocide started.

10. Video The link for the video is here: http://www.history.com/topics/rwandan-genocide/videos/rwanda-the-world- reacts?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false *Warning: Graphic

11. 5 Questions for the Viewers 1. How does the Rwandan Genocide relate to your topic of ethnic cleansing? 2. How might the Rwandan refugees affect nearby countries in their ethnic issues -- i.e. the DR Congo? 3. How does the ethnic conflict reflect the colonization of Africa (meeting about Africa where Africa was not invited)? 4. Compared to the genocide caused by the Third Reich or Cambodia, how is this genocide different from the other two? 5. What other group moved back to Rwanda after the genocide?

12. Sources http://www.giornalettismo.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/map-of- rwanda.jpg http://www.whereig.com/rwanda/ http://www.unitedhumanrights.org/genocide/genocide_in_rwanda.htm http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14093322 https://www.tytnetwork.com/2014/04/07/today-history-april-7-1994-civil-war- erupts-rwanda/

13. Sources Continued https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Rwanda http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/genocides-and-conflicts/congo http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/tag/rwandan-genocide/