1. Lesson One Festivals Grammar Unit 3 Celebration five passive forms of different verb tenses

2. ① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people ． A ． speak B ． is speaking C ． speaks D ． is spoken ② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school ． A ． were told B ． is telling C ． was told D ． tells ③ A lot of new roads ____ built in the west of China ． A ． must B ． must be C ． has D ． have

3. Teachers’ Daythe Paralympic Games National Day the Chongyang Festival What is celebrated in September or October? the Mid-Autumn Festival Step 1

4. 1. 1. What are traditional moon cakes made with? 2. 2. What is the special food called for the Dragon Boat Festival? 3. What were lanterns lit by in the past?3. 4. 4. What were lanterns decorated with ?

5. 3. 3. Lanterns were lit by candles in the past. 4. Lanterns were decorated with pictures of birds, animals and flowers. 1. 1. Traditional moon cakes are made with bean paste. 2. 2. The special food is called zongzi. _________ ______________ _____ ______ the present simple passive voice 一般现在时被动语态 the past simple passive voice 一般过去时被动语态

6. Look at these sentences and find out their similarities. 1…, the Mid- Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world. 2. Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays … 4.On this day, the moon is said to at its and biggest and brightest. 3.It is called, Zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.

7. 5. In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness. 6. In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it. 7.In the old days, dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people. 8.In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds,animals and flowers, etc. 9.He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.

8. the Olympic Games, hold, every 4 years The Olympic Games are held every 4 years. e-mail, send, yesterday The e-mail was sent yesterday. Practice

9. the National Stadium, call, the Bird’s Nest The National Stadium is called the Bird’s Nest. the sky, light (up), fireworks, last night 照亮 The sky was lit up by fireworks last night. Ex 7

10. Read the passage and underline the passive sentences of different tenses. 1.A big reunion dinner was being prepared by my mother. 2. Since 1983, the Spring Festival Party has been broadcast on CCTV. 3. Although the traditions of the festival are being changed now, this festival is still the most important celebration for all Chinese people. was being prepared has been broadcast are being changed Step 2

11. the room, flowers, already, decorate --- with The room has already been decorated with flowers.

12. Joan can’t get into the house, because _____________________ the keys, lose the keys have been lost.

13. Harry Portter, translate, more than 60 languages Harry Portter has been translated into more than 60 languages.

14. The room has already been decorated with flowers. The keys have been lost. Harry Portter has been translated into more than 60 languages. the present perfect passive voice 现在完成时被动语态

15. use Sorry, I can’t lend my e-dictionary to you now. __________________ It is being used.

16. repair I have to go to work by taxi because ________________________. my car is being repaired

17. the kid, kiss, a pig The kid is being kissed by a pig. Oh, my God! _________________________

18. It is being used. My car is being repaired. The kid is being kissed by a pig. the present continuous passive voice 现在进行时被动语态

19. the plan, discuss, At ten o’clock yesterday, _________________________ the plan was being discussed.

20. fireworks, set off I heard _________________________ at eleven o’clock last night. fireworks were being set off.

21. the lanterns, put up When I came back, I found _______________________ the lanterns were being put up.

22. The plan was being discussed. Fireworks were being set off. The lanterns were being put up. the past continuous passive voice 过去进行时被动语态

23. The Ways to Change the Active( 主动 ) into the Passive （被动） Active: A thief stole my mobile phone last Sunday. Passive: My mobile phone was stolen (by a thief) last Sunday. (1) 宾语 主语 (3) use “ by ” if necessary. (2) predicate verbs( 谓语动词 ) : be done （ the tenses don’t change ）

24. 1. My health is being affected by stress. 2. People are being moved out of the houses. 3. The mini-helicopter has already been invented. 4.The forest fire has been put out by them. 5. The car was being repaired when I got there. 6.The house was being decorated when the accidents happened. Exercise 8 :

25. Passive Voice 被动语态

26. 时态被动语态结构 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done would be done have/has been done had been done

27. With Modal Verbs( 情态动词的 被动语态 ) Modal Verbs + be + done Concretely speaking: can/ could/ may / might + be + done must/ should / need + be + done ought to + be + done have to be + done

28. 1. They gave him a medal for his wonderful work. 2. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. 3. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. 4. Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake Yesterday. 5.They are repairing the car in the garage. 6.They were holding a meeting when I was here. 7. We have already completed all the preparations.

29. Work in groups of 4; First choose one student to be the reporter and writer; Each member must say at least one sentence.

30. decorate---with colorful lights

31. fill---with people

32. hold from 8 to half past 11

33. set off at the beginning

34. show/ perform

35. lead into---

36. light at last the torch

37. Evaluation( 评价） Use the Passive correctly 2 Express the idea clearly 2 Use as many key words as possible 1

38. The passive is used correctly/ incorrectly; the idea is/(isn’t) clearly expressed; many key words are(aren’t) used in the report. So I think this team can get _____ points.

39. The opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games was a big celebration on August 8th.On that day, the Bird ’ s Nest _____________ with colorful lights, making it a wonderful land. The stadium ____________ with excited people. The opening ceremony _______________ from 8 o ’ clock to half past 11. was decorated was filled was being held

40. It was an unforgettable and moving ceremony. It _________________ with series of activities. At the beginning, fireworks ____________ to raise the curtain and Beijing ’ s sky was lit up. In the ceremony, performers in Chinese traditional clothes gave wonderful performances. Beautiful songs ___________ (sing) and Taiji was celebrated were set off were sung

41. _______________ (perform). The audience were taken to go through 5,000 years of Chinese history and culture. After these performances, the athletes from 204 countries __________into the centre stage. At last eleven the torch ________ by Chinese sports hero Li Ning. was performed were led was lit

42. The The 2008 Beiijng Olympic Games are said to be the greatest Games in the history. The opening ceremony has been remembered by the whole world because it is the fantastic beginning of 16 days of outstanding sports competition.

43. Situation1: We don’t know or don’t need to know the “doer” (person who performed the action.) ( 不知道或没必要知道动作的执行者。 ) the use of the passive voice. 1. Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water ． 2. Such books are written for middle students.( 这种书是为 中学生写的。 ) 3. It is said that the police will look into the matter. ( 据说 警方将调查此事。 )

44. 1. Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays,… 2. In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness…. 3. The car was seriously damaged. （汽车受到严重损坏） Situation 2: 所描述的意义以动作的承受者为中心。此 时如有必要可用 by 短语引出动作的执行者） （他被你打了。） 4. He was hit by you. 5. The Mid- Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world. ( 中秋节被全世界的 中国人所庆祝。 )

45. Notice 1 : take place, happen, occur, break out, belong to, lose heart （失去信心 ), consist of （包括 ), rise, succeed, remain( 保持 ), …. Intransitive verbs ( 不及物动词 ) 没有被动语态。

46. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些系动词常表示被动 意义。常见的有 taste( 吃起来 ), sound ( 听起来 ), prove( 证明是 ), feel( 摸上去感到 ), look( 看起来 ) ， smell( 闻起来 ) 等, 例如 : Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。 Notice 2 :

47. sell / wash / write / burn / cook / 等 + 副词 well ( 好 ), easily ( 容易地 ), perfectly ( 十分地 ) 描会事物的特性，用主动表被动， 结构 : 主语 + 动词 + 副词。 The book sells well. These clothes wash easily. The pen writes smoothly. Notice 3 :

48. Notice 4 ： 1. My parents often made me do housework when I was young. 3.We saw them play football just now. = They are seen to play football just now. see, let, make, hear ， watch ＋ sb+ 动词原形， 一旦变为被动语态，则一定要加 to 。 4.We often hear her sing in English. = She is often heard to sing in English. =I was often made to do housework when... 复合宾语结构的被动语态

49. Notice 5: “want/ need / require” 表 “ 需要, 要求 ” ， 用主动表被动；也可加 to be done 作宾语。 1. need doing =need to be done 2. want doing = want to be done 3. require doing= require to be done Your jacket needs washing/to be washed ． The English Weekly paper requires doing / to be done.

50. 不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构： 主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + 不定式； 动词 + 宾语 + 形容 词 + 不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义， 如 difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive, safe, pleasant 等，不 定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. The work is easy to do. I found the car comfortable to ride in. That makes poetry difficult to write. Notice 6:

51. 在 be to do sth 结构中, 这种结构中的不定式通 常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动 形式表示被动意义 : Who is to blame for starting the fire? 这场火灾应由谁负责 ? You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这事受动责备。 The house is to let. 此房出租。 Notice 7:

52. Exercises: choose the best choice. 1. There are many good films played by ChengLong that are worth _____. A. to be seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see 2. The food _____ easily and sells _____. A. cooks ; well B. is cooking; good C. is cooked; well D. cooked; good 3. The windows of the building can’t _____., A. be closed B. close C. be closing D. closed C A B

53. Exercises: choose the best choice. 4. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 5. Great changes _____ in the city, and a lot of factories _____. A. have been taken place ; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 6. This page needed ____again. A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked