Splash Screen UNIT 18 Using Modifiers Correctly. 2 Contents Unit 18 Overview Lesson 18.1: The Three Degrees of Comparisone Three Degrparison Lesson 18.2Lesson.

Splash Screen UNIT 18 Using Modifiers Correctly

2 Contents Unit 18 Overview Lesson 18.1: The Three Degrees of Comparisone Three Degrparison Lesson 18.2Lesson 18.2: Irregular Comparisons Lesson 18Lesson 18.3: Double ComparisonsComparisons Lesson 18.4: Incomplete Comparisons Incomplete Comparis Lesson 18.5: Good or Well; Bad or Badly or Well; Ba Lesson 18.6: Double Negativessson 18.6: Double Lesson 18.7: Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers8.7: Misplang Modifiers GrammGrammar Review Click a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.

3 Unit Overview 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To learn how modifiers work, with an emphasis on the three degrees of comparison, irregular comparisons, and the use of good, well, bad, and badly  To demonstrate control over modifiers by completing exercises and writing sentences that employ them effectively and avoid such problems as incomplete comparisons, double negatives, and dangling modifiers Unit Objectives

End of Overview Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

5 Lesson 1-1 To identify the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs Objective

6 Lesson 1-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Most adjectives and adverbs have three degrees: the positive, or base, form; the comparative form; and the superlative form.  The positive form of a modifier cannot be used to make a comparison. (This form appears as the entry word in a dictionary.)  The comparative form of a modifier shows two things being compared.  The superlative form of a modifier shows three or more things being compared. The Three Degrees of Comparison

7 Lesson 1-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –POSITIVE My cousin is tall.  The cat ran swiftly.  –COMPARATIVE My cousin is taller than I am.  My dog ran more swiftly than the cat.  –SUPERLATIVE Of the three cousins, Paula is tallest.  The rat ran most swiftly of all. The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.)

8 Lesson 1-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The following rules will guide you in forming the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs.  In general, for one-syllable modifiers add er to form the comparative and est to form the superlative.  The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) –green, greener, greenest  –The neighbor’s grass always looks greener than ours.  –loud, louder, loudest  –That sonic boom is the loudest noise I’ve ever heard.

9 Lesson 1-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –fast, faster, fastest  –Her hair grows faster than mine.  The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) In some cases adding er and est requires spelling changes.  –big, bigger, biggest  –true, truer, truest  –hot, hotter, hottest  –dry, drier, driest

10 Lesson 1-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. With some one-syllable modifiers, it may sound more natural to use more and most.  The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) –just, more just, most just  –Of the three, that judge’s ruling was the most just of all.

11 Lesson 1-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) For most two-syllable adjectives, add er to form the comparative and est to form the superlative.  –ugly, uglier, ugliest  –Your mask is uglier than mine.  –That is the ugliest mask I’ve ever seen.  If er and est sound awkward with a two- syllable adjective, use more and most.  –afraid, more afraid, most afraid  –No one is more afraid of spiders than I am.  –Of all of us, I was the most afraid.

12 Lesson 1-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) For adverbs ending in ly, always use more and most to form the comparative and superlative degrees.  –clearly, more clearly, most clearly  –Lewis gives directions more clearly than most people.  –This candidate explains his views most clearly of all.

13 Lesson 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. For modifiers of three or more syllables, always use more and most to form the comparative and superlative degrees.  The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) –attractive, more attractive, most attractive  –I think red looks more attractive on you than on me.  –That watercolor is the most attractive one in the exhibit.

14 Lesson 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Less and least, the opposite of more and most, can also be used with most modifiers to show comparison.  The Three Degrees of Comparison (cont.) –Are prepared foods less economical than fresh foods?  –I think cabbage is the least appetizing of all vegetables.

15 Lesson 1-11 In the following sentences, underline the adjectives and adverbs. Then identify them as positive, comparative, or superlative to indicate the degree of comparison. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 1.A talented blues band can play more softly than a hard-rock band. 2.The slow blues, to my way of thinking, sound the sweetest of all. 3.The sadder the lyrics, the more mellow the melody becomes. Exercise 1 Identifying Comparisons comparativepositive superlative comparative

16 Lesson 1-12 In the following sentences, underline the adjectives and adverbs. Then identify them as positive, comparative, or superlative to indicate the degree of comparison. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 4.The vocalist tells the tale of woe most clearly when the trumpet’s tone becomes less strident. 5.Then the most emotional mood is created out of songs that describe the least fortunate circumstances. Exercise 1 Identifying Comparisons (cont.) superlative comparative superlative

17 Lesson 1 Close Write several sentences describing the three degrees of comparison. Include and identify the positive, the comparative, and the superlative forms of an adjective or adverb in your sentences. Close

End of Lesson 1 Click the mouse button to return to the Contents slide.

19 To identify irregular forms of comparison  Lesson 2-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To use these comparisons appropriately in writing Objectives

20 Lesson 2-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. A few modifiers form their comparative and superlative degrees irregularly.  It is most helpful simply to memorize their forms.  The chart on the following slide lists these forms. Irregular Comparisons

21 Lesson 2-3 Irregular Comparisons (cont.)

22 Lesson 2-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 2 Making Correct Comparisons Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 1.Are there _____ planets in our solar system than the nine we know about? (many) 2.The distance between Venus and Earth is _____ than that between Mars and Earth. (little) 3.Pluto has the _____ mass of all the planets. (little) 4.The _______ planet from the sun is Pluto. (far) 5.Voyager I did a _____ job of photographing Jupiter than its predecessor. (good) more less least farthest better

23 Lesson 2-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 3 Making Correct Comparisons Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 1.The Joy Luck Club is an entertaining book, and it is ______ to read than many other contemporary novels. (easy) 2.The novel is by Amy Tan, perhaps the _______ voice in contemporary Asian American fiction. (lively) 3.The Joy Luck Club is a ______ book than some that have recently been on the best-seller list. (long) easier liveliest longer

24 Lesson 2-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 3 Making Correct Comparisons (cont.) Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 4.Maxine Hong Kingston is another talented Asian American writer, although Amy Tan is ___________ than Hong. (famous) 5.In the book the members of the Joy Luck Club do many things, but their ____________ activity is playing mah-jongg. (frequent) more famous most frequent

25 Lesson 2 Close Write a paragraph using irregular comparisons. Use words from the chart on page 661 of your textbook. Close

27 To avoid using double comparisons Lesson 3-1 Objective

28 Lesson 3-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Do not make a double comparison by using both er or est and more or most.  Double Comparisons –INCORRECT A redwood grows more taller than an oak. –CORRECT A redwood grows taller than an oak.  –INCORRECT Aunt Rosa is my most kindest aunt. –CORRECT Aunt Rosa is my kindest aunt.

29 Lesson 3-3 –INCORRECT He will visit us more oftener in the fall. –CORRECT He will visit us more often in the fall. Double Comparisons (cont.)

30 Lesson 3-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Correct the double comparison in each of the following sentences. Exercise 4 Correcting Double Comparisons 1.Many people believe that Thomas Alva Edison was the world’s most best inventor. 2.Some people consider him even more greater than Leonardo da Vinci. Many people believe that Thomas Alva Edison was the world’s best inventor. Some people consider him even greater than Leonardo da Vinci.

31 Lesson 3-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Correct the double comparison in each of the following sentences. Exercise 4 Correcting Double Comparisons (cont.) 3.The phonograph and the electric light are probably Edison’s most usefulest creations. 4.Edison was most happiest with his phonograph. 5.He was most proudest of his work on the electric light. The phonograph and the electric light are probably Edison’s most useful creations. Edison was happiest with his phonograph. He was proudest of his work on the electric light.

32 Lesson 3-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 5 Correcting Irregular and Double Comparisons Correct the comparisons in each of the following sentences. 1.Mother says that raising twins has been the goodest experience of her life. 2.When they were born, Laura weighed littler than Lonnie, but she soon caught up. Mother says that raising twins has been the best experience of her life. When they were born, Laura weighed less than Lonnie, but she soon caught up.

33 Lesson 3-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 5 Correcting Irregular and Double Comparisons (cont.) Correct the comparisons in each of the following sentences. 3.All of us children had sunny dispositions, but Lonnie’s was the most cheerfulest. 4.Lonnie was always serene, even though his health was worser than it should have been. All of us children had sunny dispositions, but Lonnie’s was the most cheerful. Lonnie was always serene, even though his health was worse than it should have been.

34 Lesson 3-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 5 Correcting Irregular and Double Comparisons (cont.) Correct the comparisons in each of the following sentences. 5.When he got sick, Mother used to go through some of the baddest days of her life. When he got sick, Mother used to go through some of the worst days of her life.

35 Lesson 3-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 6 Writing Correct Comparisons Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 1.(Many) Americans than ever before are enjoying the pleasures of ethnic cuisine. 2.Mexican dishes are usually (spicy) than those prepared north of the border. More Americans than ever before are enjoying the pleasures of ethnic cuisine. Mexican dishes are usually spicier than those prepared north of the border.

36 Lesson 3-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 6 Writing Correct Comparisons (cont.) Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 3.Mexican chilies run the gamut in flavor and appearance, but the habañero is the (spicy) one of all. Mexican chilies run the gamut in flavor and appearance, but the habañero is the spiciest one of all.

37 Lesson 3-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 6 Writing Correct Comparisons (cont.) Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 4.French food, with its emphasis on sauces and careful methods of preparation, is for some people the (elegant) of all the world’s cuisines. French food, with its emphasis on sauces and careful methods of preparation, is for some people the most elegant of all the world’s cuisines.

38 Lesson 3-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 6 Writing Correct Comparisons (cont.) Complete the following sentences by writing the correct degree of comparison of the modifier in parentheses. 5.French recipes often call for (rich) ingredients, such as real butter and whole cream, than do American recipes. French recipes often call for richer ingredients, such as real butter and whole cream, than do American recipes.

39 Lesson 3 Close As a class, discuss how using comparisons correctly can improve your writing. Then write a paragraph comparing several family members. Trade paragraphs with a partner and check all the comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs for double comparisons. Close

41 To avoid using incomplete and unclear comparisons in writing Lesson 4-1 Objective

42 Lesson 4-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Do not make an incomplete or unclear comparison by omitting other or else when you compare a person or thing with the group of which it is a part.  Incomplete Comparisons –UNCLEAR Mercury is closer to the Sun than any planet in our solar system. [Any planet includes Mercury.] –CLEAR Mercury is closer to the Sun than any other planet in our solar system.

43 Lesson 4-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –UNCLEAR My aunt has more pets than anyone. [Anyone includes the aunt.] –CLEAR My aunt has more pets than anyone else.  Incomplete Comparisons (cont.) Be sure your comparisons are between like things.  –UNCLEAR The grace of a basketball player is more obvious than a baseball player. [The grace of a basketball player is being compared illogically with everything about a baseball player.]

44 Lesson 4-4 –CLEAR The grace of a basketball player is more obvious than that of a baseball player. –CLEAR The grace of a basketball player is more obvious than a baseball player’s. Incomplete Comparisons (cont.)

45 Lesson 4-5 –UNCLEAR The claws of a lion are sharper than a cat. [The claws of a lion are being compared illogically with everything about a cat.] –CLEAR The claws of a lion are sharper than those of a cat. –CLEAR The claws of a lion are sharper than a cat’s. Incomplete Comparisons (cont.) Here is another example:

46 Lesson 4-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Correct the incomplete comparison in each of the following sentences. Exercise 7 Making Complete Comparisons 1 Native American homes of the past were just as varied as today. 2 The buffalo-skin dwellings of the Plains groups were more portable than the Wichita. 3 The design of the tepees of the Plains peoples was perhaps more ingenious than any design. 4 Women were responsible for erecting the tepees, and they could do this faster than anyone. 5 Many people think that the tepee was more beautiful than any Native American dwelling.

47 Lesson 4-7 Correct the incomplete comparison in each of the following sentences. Exercise 7 Making Complete Comparisons (cont.) 1 Native American homes of the past were just as varied as homes today. 2 The buffalo-skin dwellings of the Plains groups were more portable than those of the Wichita. 3 The design of the tepees of the Plains peoples was perhaps more ingenious than any other design. 4 Women were responsible for erecting the tepees, and they could do this faster than anyone else. 5 Many people think that the tepee was more beautiful than any other Native American dwelling.

48 Lesson 4 Close Apply what you have learned about incomplete comparisons by writing paragraphs comparing dogs and cats. Close

50 To use good, well, bad, and badly appropriately Lesson 5-1 Objective

51 Lesson 5-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Always use good as an adjective.  Well may be used as an adverb of manner telling how ably or adequately something is done.  Well also may be used as an adjective meaning “in good health.”  Good or Well; Bad or Badly –Blue is a good color for you. [adjective]  –You look good in blue. [adjective after a linking verb]

52 Lesson 5-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –You dress well. [adverb of manner]  –Aren’t you feeling well? [adjective meaning “in good health”]  Good or Well; Bad or Badly (cont.) Always use bad as an adjective.  Therefore, bad is used after a linking verb.  Use badly as an adverb.  Badly almost always follows an action verb.  –That was a bad idea. [adjective]  –The milk tasted bad. [adjective following a linking verb]

53 Lesson 5-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. –I feel bad about your moving to another state. [adjective following a linking verb]  –The faucet is leaking badly. [adverb following an action verb] Good or Well; Bad or Badly (cont.)

54 Lesson 5-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. If a sentence contains an error with good, well, bad, or badly, write the form that should have been used. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 8 Correcting Errors with Good, Well, Bad, and Badly 1.“You’ll do good on your tests if you will just remember to study,” my mother always tells me. 2.“That’s easy for you to say,” I always answer. “You were always a good student.” 3.I don’t feel good enough to study because of this headache. well correct correct or well

55 Lesson 5-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. If a sentence contains an error with good, well, bad, or badly, write the form that should have been used. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 8 Correcting Errors with Good, Well, Bad, and Badly (cont.) 4.My mother feels badly that I am ill. 5.“Would a little chicken soup taste good to you today?” she inquires kindly. bad correct

56 Lesson 5-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Complete the following sentences by writing good, well, bad, or badly. Exercise 9 Using Good, Bad, Well, and Badly 1.No one can hike ____ without comfortable hiking shoes. 2.Improper equipment can make a hiker or camper feel ____. 3._____ planning is absolutely essential for a long and difficult hike. well bad Good

57 Lesson 5-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Complete the following sentences by writing good, well, bad, or badly. Exercise 9 Using Good, Bad, Well, and Badly (cont.) 4.A hike that is planned _____ will not be enjoyable and may be unpleasant. 5.Locating a _____ trail is one important aspect of planning a hike. badly good

58 Lesson 5-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a partial sample answer. Exercise 10 Writing Paragraphs with Modifiers Write a paragraph, using each of the phrases below. You can use the phrases in any order. 1.feel well 2.stumbled badly 3.than any other basketball player 4.than those of Patrick Ewing 5.played well Maria skipped basketball practice because she did not feel well after lunch. On her way home from school, she stumbled badly and bruised her knee. In spite of her health, she played well in the championship game.

59 Lesson 5 Close Create and share mnemonics (memory aids) for remembering the appropriate use of good, well, bad, and badly. Record your best mnemonics in your journal. Close

61 To identify double negatives  Lesson 6-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To learn how to correct them Objectives

62 Lesson 6-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In general, do not use a double negative, two negative words in the same clause.  Use only one negative word to express a negative idea.  Double Negatives –INCORRECT I don’t have no stereo equipment. –CORRECT I don’t have any stereo equipment. –CORRECT I have no stereo equipment.

63 Lesson 6-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Double Negatives (cont.) –INCORRECT We haven’t seen no concerts this year. –CORRECT We haven’t seen any concerts this year. –CORRECT We have seen no concerts this year.  –INCORRECT My parrot never says nothing. –CORRECT My parrot never says anything. –CORRECT My parrot says nothing.

64 Lesson 6-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The words hardly and scarcely are also negatives.  Do not use them with other negative words such as not.  Double Negatives (cont.) –INCORRECT I haven’t hardly finished. He can’t scarcely never be on time. –CORRECT I have hardly finished. He can scarcely ever be on time.

65 Lesson 6-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Underline each double negative in the following sentences. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 11 Identifying Double Negatives 1.I used to think there wasn’t no reason for me to exercise. 2.I didn’t want no new activity to distract me from my other interests. 3.I hadn’t never explored the possibility of joining an aerobics class.

66 Lesson 6-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Underline each double negative in the following sentences. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 11 Identifying Double Negatives (cont.) 4.Eventually, my friend Ramón convinced me that my negative attitude was neither sensible nor smart. 5.I signed up for an aerobics class at the “Y,” but at first I didn’t want nobody to watch me make mistakes. correct

67 Lesson 6-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 12 Correcting Double Negatives Correct the following sentences, eliminating the double negative in each. (Most sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) If a sentence is correct, write correct. 1.When our family goes camping, we like to find a site where there isn’t no one around. 2.Don’t never pitch your tent on sloping ground, for you will be very uncomfortable. When our family goes camping, we like to find a site where there is no one around. Don’t ever pitch your tent on sloping ground, for you will be very uncomfortable.

68 Lesson 6-8 Exercise 12 Correcting Double Negatives (cont.) Correct the following sentences, eliminating the double negative in each. (Most sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) If a sentence is correct, write correct. 3.Nobody should never forget to dig a trench around the tent, in case it rains during the night. 4.Can’t none of them help us pitch our tent? 5.It’s best never to leave no food in your tent, for animals may be attracted to it. Nobody should ever forget to dig a trench around the tent, it case it rains during the night. Can’t any of them help us pitch our tent? It’s best never to leave any food in your tent, for animals may be attracted to it. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers.

69 Lesson 6 Close Write a paragraph about an outing or special occasion that did not work out as you had hoped. Avoid using double negatives as you describe what the event lacked. Close

71 To avoid misplaced and dangling modifiers Lesson 7-1 Objective

72 Lesson 7-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Place modifiers as close as possible to the words they modify in order to make the meaning of the sentence clear.  Misplaced modifiers modify the wrong word, or they seem to modify more than one word in a sentence.  To correct a sentence with a misplaced modifier, move the modifier as close as possible to the word it modifies. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers

73 Lesson 7-3 –MISPLACED Soaring over the edge of the cliff, the photographer captured the eagle. [participial phrase incorrectly modifying photographer] –CLEAR The photographer captured the eagle soaring over the edge of the cliff. [participial phrase correctly modifying eagle] Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.)

74 Lesson 7-4 –MISPLACED The hunter easily spotted the eagle with high-powered binoculars. [prepositional phrase incorrectly modifying eagle] –CLEAR The hunter with high-powered binoculars easily spotted the eagle. [prepositional phrase correctly modifying the hunter] Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.)

75 Lesson 7-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Place the adverb only immediately before the word or group of words it modifies.  Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.) –UNCLEAR Dan only has art on Monday. [Does Dan have only one class on Monday, or does he have no class on any day but Monday, or is Dan the only person (in a group) who has one class on Monday?] If only is not positioned correctly in a sentence, the meaning of the sentence may be unclear. 

76 Lesson 7-6 –CLEAR Dan has only art on Monday. [He has no other class.] –CLEAR Dan has art only on Monday. [He does not have art on any other day.] –CLEAR Only Dan has art on Monday. [No other person has art on Monday.] Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.)

77 Lesson 7-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Dangling modifiers seem logically to modify no word at all.  To correct a sentence that has a dangling modifier, you must supply a word the dangling phrase can sensibly modify.  Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.) –DANGLING Working all night long, the fire was extinguished. [participial phrase logically modifying no word in the sentence] –CLEAR Working all night long, firefighters extinguished the fire. [participial phrase modifying firefighters]

78 Lesson 7-8 –DANGLING Valiant through the night, the blaze evaded the firefighters’ control. [adjective phrase logically modifying no word in the sentence] –CLEAR Valiant through the night, the firefighters still faced a blaze that was raging uncontrollably. [adjective phrase modifying firefighters] Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.)

79 Lesson 7-9 –DANGLING Sleeping soundly, the raucous alarm startled me into consciousness. [participial phrase logically modifying no word in the sentence, since me is an object pronoun] –CLEAR Sleeping soundly, I sprang into consciousness at the sound of the raucous alarm. [participial phrase modifying I] Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.)

80 Lesson 7-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Underline the misplaced or dangling modifier from each sentence. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 13 Identifying Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 1.Last night Darnell had a flat tire on the way to his job. 2.A motorcycle rider offered to fix the tire with a friendly grin. 3.Coming out from behind some parked cars, neither Darnell nor his helper could see the police officer. correct

81 Lesson 7-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Underline the misplaced or dangling modifier from each sentence. If a sentence is correct, write correct. Exercise 13 Identifying Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.) 4.Watching the motorcycle rider work, the tire was soon fixed. 5.“I only have trouble on this road,” Darnell lamented.

82 Lesson 7-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 14 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers Rewrite each sentence, moving the misplaced modifier closer to the word it modifies. 1.The sign at the park entrance said, “Children should be with an adult under eight years of age.” 2.A little boy was riding around on a bicycle with unmatched shoes. The sign at the park entrance said, “Children under eight years of age should be with an adult.” A little boy with unmatched shoes was riding around on a bicycle.

83 Lesson 7-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 14 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (cont.) Rewrite each sentence, moving the misplaced modifier closer to the word it modifies. 3.Scampering around the top rung of the jungle gym, Marty noticed a baby squirrel. 4.Helen saw the sand castle her two-year-old sister had built on the way home from school. Mary noticed a baby squirrel scampering around the top rung of the jungle gym. On the way home from school, Helen saw the sand castle her two-year-old sister had built.

84 Lesson 7-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Exercise 14 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (cont.) Rewrite each sentence, moving the misplaced modifier closer to the word it modifies. 5.The new paint set was under the porch that he had received for his birthday. The new paint set that he had received for his birthday was under the porch.

85 Lesson 7-15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 15 Identifying and Correcting Dangling Modifiers Correct each sentence that has a dangling modifier. If a sentence has no dangling modifier, write correct. 1.Waking up in the dark, Pete’s room seemed mysterious and gloomy. 2.After taking a shower, the sun finally came out. Waking up in the dark, Pete thought his room seemed mysterious and gloomy. After taking a shower, he noticed that the sun had finally come out.

86 Lesson 7-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 15 Identifying and Correcting Dangling Modifiers (cont.) Correct each sentence that has a dangling modifier. If a sentence has no dangling modifier, write correct. 3.Putting on a short-sleeved shirt, the temperature outside was warm. 4.Shouting from the kitchen downstairs, Pete’s dad let him know that juice and cereal were on the table. Putting on a short-sleeved shirt, he hoped that the temperature outside was warm. correct

87 Lesson 7-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Exercise 15 Identifying and Correcting Dangling Modifiers (cont.) Correct each sentence that has a dangling modifier. If a sentence has no dangling modifier, write correct. 5.The school bus pulled up right on time after a hurried breakfast. The school bus pulled up right on time after Pete had eaten a hurried breakfast.

88 Lesson 7-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 16 Using the Adverb Only Rewrite each of the following sentences, adding the word only. Then explain what only means in your sentence. 1.I wake up early on Saturdays if there’s an emergency. 2.The chore I have is mowing the grass. I wake up early on Saturdays only if there’s an emergency. I don’t wake up early if there is not an emergency. The only chore I have is mowing the grass. I don’t have any other chores.

89 Lesson 7-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 16 Using the Adverb Only (cont.) Rewrite each of the following sentences, adding the word only. Then explain what only means in your sentence. 3.I go to the movies on Saturday afternoons. 4.I eat pizza at my favorite pizzeria, Paul’s Place. 5.I can appreciate how much my Saturdays mean to me. I go to the movies only on Saturday afternoons. I don’t go to the movies at any other time except Saturday afternoons. I eat pizza only at my favorite pizzeria, Paul’s Place. I don’t eat pizza anywhere else. Only I can appreciate how much my Saturdays mean to me. No on else can appreciate it.

90 Lesson 7-20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 17 Correcting Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers In the following sentences, correct any misplaced or dangling modifiers. (Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) 1 The Barnum and Bailey circus is a big event, for it comes only to our town once a year. 2 Julio and I arrived early and took our seats inside the tent in high spirits. 3 Dimming the lights, the elephants lumbered into the ring. 4 Swinging their great trunks, the trainers marched the elephants in a circle. 5 On a tightrope high above the ring, we watched the acrobat walk steadily and fearlessly.

91 Lesson 7-21 Exercise 17 Correcting Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers (cont.) In the following sentences, correct any misplaced or dangling modifiers. (Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) 1 The Barnum and Bailey circus is a big event, for it comes to our town only once a year. 2 In high spirits, Julio and I arrived early and took our seats inside the tent. 3 When the lights dimmed, the elephants lumbered into the ring. 4 The elephants, swinging their great trunks, were marched in a circle by the trainers. 5 We watched the acrobat walk steadily and fearlessly on a tightrope high above the ring.

92 Lesson 7-22 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Exercise 18 Review: Correcting Modifiers The following paragraph contains six errors in the use of modifiers. Rewrite the paragraph, correcting the errors. 1 Ted Williams is considered one of the most finest baseball players of all time. 2 At the age of 17, a team in San Diego was the team he joined. 3 By 1939 he was playing good enough to start with the Boston Red Sox. 4 From that time until his retirement in 1960, Ted Williams only played baseball with the Red Sox; he never played for no other team. 5 Williams was one of baseball’s all-time most greatest hitters.

93 Lesson 7-23 Exercise 18 Review: Correcting Modifiers (cont.) The following paragraph contains six errors in the use of modifiers. Rewrite the paragraph, correcting the errors. 1 Ted Williams is considered one of the finest baseball players of all time. 2 At the age of 17, he joined a team in San Diego. 3 By 1939 he was playing well enough to start with the Boston Red Sox. 4 From that time until his retirement in 1960, Ted Williams played baseball only with the Red Sox; he never played for any other team. 5 Williams was one of baseball’s all-time greatest hitters.

94 Lesson 7-24 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 19 Correcting Modifiers In each of the following sentences, correct the misplaced, dangling, or other incorrect modifier. (Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) If a sentence is correct, write correct. 1.Walking along the sidewalk, a stone made Winston trip and fall. 2.Winston hadn’t hardly time to get to Sabah’s house without being late. Walking along the sidewalk, Winston tripped on a stone and fell. Winston hardly had time to get to Sabah’s house without being late.

95 Lesson 7-25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 19 Correcting Modifiers (cont.) In each of the following sentences, correct the misplaced, dangling, or other incorrect modifier. (Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) If a sentence is correct, write correct. 3.In a great hurry, the buzzer rang as Sabah ran to the door. 4.Out for a walk, Winston and Sabah walked more farther than they usually did. The buzzer rang as Sabah ran to the door in a great hurry. Out for a walk, Winston and Sabah walked farther than they usually did.

96 Lesson 7-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. 5.The yogurt sundaes they stopped to eat tasted well. The yogurt sundaes they stopped to eat tasted good. Exercise 19 Correcting Modifiers (cont.) In each of the following sentences, correct the misplaced, dangling, or other incorrect modifier. (Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way.) If a sentence is correct, write correct.

97 Lesson 7-27 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 20 Correcting Modifiers Revise any of the following sentences in which there are errors in the use of modifiers, correcting the errors in your revision. (Some sentences may be corrected in more than one way.) 1.In 1896 the first comic strip appeared in the New York World, called “The Yellow Kid.” 2.The next comic strip to come along was “The Katzenjammer Kids,” whose prankster stars, Hans and Fritz, usually behaved bad. In 1896, the first comic strip, called “The Yellow Kid,” appeared in the New York World. The next comic strip to come along was “The Katzenjammer Kids,” whose prankster stars, Hans and Fritz, usually behaved badly.

98 Lesson 7-28 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Exercise 20 Correcting Modifiers (cont.) Revise any of the following sentences in which there are errors in the use of modifiers, correcting the errors in your revision. (Some sentences may be corrected in more than one way.) 3.Hans and Fritz never gave the Captain and Mama no peace. 4.In “Mutt and Jeff,” a strip that started in 1908, Mutt is more taller than Jeff. Hans and Fritz never gave the Captain and Mama any peace. In “Mutt and Jeff,” a strip that started in 1908, Mutt is taller than Jeff.

99 Lesson 7-29 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Exercise 20 Correcting Modifiers (cont.) Revise any of the following sentences in which there are errors in the use of modifiers, correcting the errors in your revision. (Some sentences may be corrected in more than one way.) 5.“Mutt and Jeff” was one of the most early strips to appear in the newspaper. “Mutt and Jeff” was one of the earliest strips to appear in the newspaper.

101 Grammar Review 1 Using Modifiers Correctly The passage in the Literature Model on pages 676 and 677 of your textbook is taken from An American Childhood, a memoir by Annie Dillard. In it Dillard recalls her fascination with books that describe the pleasures and perils of rock collecting, one of her hobbies as a child. As you read the Model, notice that the passage has been annotated to show the kinds of modifiers covered in this unit.

102 Grammar Review 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 1 Making Correct Comparisons The following sentences are about rock collecting. For each sentence, choose the proper comparative or superlative form of the modifier in parentheses. 1.Rock hunting in areas where the ground is already broken, such as quarries and building sites, is ______ than hunting in areas with unbroken ground. (simple) 2.Some rock hunters gather rocks at a local site, whereas others travel ______ than that for specimens. (far) 3.One of the _____ practices to engage in while rock hunting is trespassing on private property. (bad) simpler farther worst

103 Grammar Review 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 1 Making Correct Comparisons (cont.) The following sentences are about rock collecting. For each sentence, choose the proper comparative or superlative form of the modifier in parentheses. 4.One of the ______ and most dangerous things a rock hunter can do is to hunt alone on a steep rock wall. (silly) 5.Of the rock hunter’s various tools, a rock hammer is the ____ implement for loosening solid rock. (good) silliest best

104 Grammar Review 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 2 Correcting Double Comparisons The following sentences are based on passages from An American Childhood that are not reprinted in your textbook. In each sentence, correct any errors of double comparison. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 1.The young Annie Dillard liked nothing more better than the natural sciences. 2.She was more curiouser about rocks than she was about stamps or coins. The young Annie Dillard liked nothing better than the natural sciences. She was more curious about rocks than she was about stamps or coins.

105 Grammar Review 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 2 Correcting Double Comparisons (cont.) The following sentences are based on passages from An American Childhood that are not reprinted in your textbook. In each sentence, correct any errors of double comparison. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 3.To Dillard, rock hunting seemed like the most liveliest of hobbies. 4.The books she read showed rockhounds hunting for specimens in the most wildest places imaginable. To Dillard, rock hunting seemed like the liveliest of hobbies. The books she read showed rock-hounds hunting for specimens in the wildest places imaginable.

106 Grammar Review 6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review: Exercise 2 Correcting Double Comparisons (cont.) The following sentences are based on passages from An American Childhood that are not reprinted in your textbook. In each sentence, correct any errors of double comparison. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 5.Although Dillard obtained her own specimens by less ruggeder methods, she still found the rocks’ secrets intriguing. Although Dillard obtained her own specimens by less rugged methods, she still found the rocks’ secrets intriguing.

107 Grammar Review 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 3 Correcting Incomplete Comparisons The following sentences are about minerals and gemstones. In each sentence, correct any errors of incomplete comparison. Some of the sentences can be revised in more than one way. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 1.On the Mohs scale, which lists minerals by their hardness, the mineral talc is softer than any mineral. 2.Quartz, a mineral that can cut glass, is much harder than talc. On the Mohs scale, which lists the minerals by their hardness, the mineral talc is softer than any other mineral. correct

108 Grammar Review 8 Review: Exercise 3 Correcting Incomplete Comparisons (cont.) The following sentences are about minerals and gemstones. In each sentence, correct any errors of incomplete comparison. Some of the sentences can be revised in more than one way. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 3.Diamonds, among the world’s most valuable minerals, are harder than anything in nature. 4.The facets, or flat surfaces, of a diamond are different from an amethyst. Diamonds, among the world’s most valuable minerals, are harder than anything else in nature. The facets, or flat surfaces, of a diamond are different from those of an amethyst. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers.

109 Grammar Review 9 Review: Exercise 3 Correcting Incomplete Comparisons (cont.) The following sentences are about minerals and gemstones. In each sentence, correct any errors of incomplete comparison. Some of the sentences can be revised in more than one way. If a sentence contains no errors, write correct. 5.Among the stones called beryls, which come in different colors, green is more valuable than any color. Among the stones called beryls, which come in different colors, green is more valuable than any other color. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer.

110 Grammar Review 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 4 Choosing the Correct Modifier The following sentences are based on passages from An American Childhood not reprinted in your textbook. For each sentence, select the correct form of the modifier in parentheses. Then indicate whether the modifier you have chosen is being used as an adjective or an adverb. 1.Dillard obtained the first rocks in her collection from a newspaper boy whom she did not know very (good/well). 2.The newspaper boy had received the rocks as a gift from a (good/well) customer named Mr. Downey. 3.Mr. Downey, an avid rock hunter and collector, could no longer maintain his collection because his health was failing (bad/badly). adverb adjective adverb

111 Grammar Review 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Review: Exercise 4 Choosing the Correct Modifier (cont.) The following sentences are based on passages from An American Childhood not reprinted in your textbook. For each sentence, select the correct form of the modifier in parentheses. Then indicate whether the modifier you have chosen is being used as an adjective or an adverb. 4.He had not been feeling (good/well) for several months and decided to give the collection to his newspaper boy, one of the few young people he knew. 5.The newspaper boy felt (bad/badly) because he did not have enough time to devote to the rock collection, and eventually he decided to give it to Dillard. adjective

112 Grammar Review 12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 5 Correcting Double Negatives The following sentences are about precious metals. Correct the sentences, eliminating any double negatives. Most sentences can be corrected in more than one way. 1.Gold is a very malleable metal; if you hammer it, it won’t never break. 2.Because there isn’t no more malleable metal, people began using gold for jewelry thousands of years ago. Gold is a very malleable metal; if you hammer it, it won’t ever break. Because there is no more malleable metal, people began using gold for jewelry thousands of years ago.

113 Grammar Review 13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 5 Correcting Double Negatives The following sentences are about precious metals. Correct the sentences, eliminating any double negatives. Most sentences can be corrected in more than one way. 3.Nobody never has to worry that gold will tarnish, as many other metals do. 4.You can’t make no jewelry out of pure gold, however, for it is too soft. Nobody ever has to worry that gold will tarnish, as many other metals do. You can’t make jewelry out of pure gold, however, for it is too soft.

114 Grammar Review 14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Review: Exercise 5 Correcting Double Negatives The following sentences are about precious metals. Correct the sentences, eliminating any double negatives. Most sentences can be corrected in more than one way. 5.Pure gold is hardly never found; usually it is combined with another metal. Pure gold is hardly ever found; usually it is combined with another metal.

115 Grammar Review 15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 6 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the misplaced modifier. 1.Rockhounds seem eccentric to conventional people, having an unusual obsession. 2.Everyday activities seem unimportant to adventurous rockhounds with their dull routines. Rockhounds, having an unusual obsession, seem eccentric to conventional people. The dull routines of everyday activities seem unimportant to adventurous rockhounds.

116 Grammar Review 16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 6 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (cont.) The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the misplaced modifier. 3.Divers find some of the most interesting specimens in mountain streams using scuba- diving equipment. 4.Rockhounds often pan for gold in streams leaving no opportunity unexplored. Divers, using scuba-diving equipment, find some of the most interesting specimens in mountain streams. Leaving no opportunity unexplored, rockhounds often pan for gold in streams.

117 Grammar Review 17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Review: Exercise 6 Correcting Misplaced Modifiers (cont.) The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the misplaced modifier. 5.Some hobbyists might find enough gold to turn a tidy profit in the water. Some hobbyists might find in the water enough gold to turn a tidy profit.

118 Grammar Review 18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 7 Correcting Dangling Modifiers The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the dangling modifier by adding appropriate information. Reword the sentence if necessary. Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 1.Calling themselves “rockhounds,” rock collectors sometimes called their children “pebble pups.” 2.Pausing to reflect, rock hunting began to seem like a wild obsession. correct Pausing to reflect, Dillard began to regard rock hunting as a wild obsession.

119 Grammar Review 19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Review: Exercise 7 Correcting Dangling Modifiers (cont.) The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the dangling modifier by adding appropriate information. Reword the sentence if necessary. Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 3.Strapping on their heavy tanks, the hunt for rock crystals in mountain streams began. Strapping on their heavy tanks, rock hunters began the hunt for rock crystals in mountain streams.

120 Grammar Review 20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 7 Correcting Dangling Modifiers (cont.) The following sentences elaborate on ideas suggested by the passage from An American Childhood. In each sentence, correct the dangling modifier by adding appropriate information. Reword the sentence if necessary. Some sentences can be corrected in more than one way. If a sentence has no errors, write correct. 4.After studying the photographs and reading the anecdotes in books about rock collecting, Dillard decided the hobby was both artistic and adventurous. 5.Sawed into wavy slabs by one hobbyist, its suitability for wall hangings was achieved. correct Sawed into wavy slabs by one hobbyist, Utah wonderstone became suitable for wall hangings.

121 Grammar Review 21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Review: Exercise 8 The following passage describes the artist Georgia O’Keeffe, whose painting appears on page 683 of your textbook. Correct the errors in spelling, grammar, and usage. Add any missing punctuation. There are six errors. 1 Born in 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin, art was an early love of Georgia O’Keeffe. 2 She began studing art while still in her teens. 3 She worked in Chicago as an advertising illustrator in 1909 but she resumed her art studies in 1912. 4 First worked as a teacher for the public school system in Amarillo, Texas. 5 She then taught art at the University of Virginia And more later, she returned to Texas to head the art department at West Texas State Normal College. Proofreading

122 Grammar Review 22 Review: Exercise 8 The following passage describes the artist Georgia O’Keeffe, whose painting appears on page 683 of your textbook. Correct the errors in spelling, grammar, and usage. Add any missing punctuation. There are six errors. 1 Born in 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin, Georgia O’Keeffe had an early love of art. 2 She began studying art while still in her teens. 3 She worked in Chicago as an advertising illustrator in 1909, but she resumed her art studies in 1912. 4 First she worked as a teacher for the public school system in Amarillo, Texas. 5 She then taught art at the University of Virginia, and later, she returned to Texas to head the art department at West Texas State Normal College. Proofreading (cont.)

123 Grammar Review 23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Read the biography of Annie Dillard on page 684 of your textbook. Then, in the following sentences, correct any errors in the use of modifiers. Refer back to the biography in you textbook as necessary. 1.Writing vividly about the world of nature and her own experiences, Annie Dillard’s books have enjoyed great popularity. Review: Exercise 9 Mixed Review Writing vividly about the world of nature and her own experiences, Annie Dillard has produced books that have enjoyed great popularity.

124 Grammar Review 24 2.Some readers and critics consider her writings about nature as powerful as the classic American author Henry David Thoreau. Review: Exercise 9 Mixed Review (cont.) Some readers and critics consider her writings about nature as powerful as those of the classic American author Henry David Thoreau. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Read the biography of Annie Dillard on page 684 of your textbook. Then, in the following sentences, correct any errors in the use of modifiers. Refer back to the biography in you textbook as necessary.

125 Grammar Review 25 3.Born in Pittsburgh, her youth is described vividly in the book An American Childhood, an autobiography published in 1987. Review: Exercise 9 Mixed Review (cont.) Born in Pittsburgh, Dillard vividly described her youth in the book An American Childhood, an autobiography published in 1987. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display a possible answer. Read the biography of Annie Dillard on page 684 of your textbook. Then, in the following sentences, correct any errors in the use of modifiers. Refer back to the biography in you textbook as necessary.

126 Grammar Review 26 4.As a child, Dillard was an avid reader and almost never had no trouble with her schoolwork. 5.She later did good at Hollins College in Virginia. Review: Exercise 9 Mixed Review (cont.) As a child, Dillard was an avid reader and almost never had any trouble with her schoolwork. She later did well at Hollins College in Virginia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. Read the biography of Annie Dillard on page 684 of your textbook. Then, in the following sentences, correct any errors in the use of modifiers. Refer back to the biography in you textbook as necessary.

127 Grammar Review Close Write a summary of what you have learned about modifiers. Use specific examples, including comparative and superlative forms of modifiers and correctly placed modifiers. Close

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Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. I like jazz and the blues, but I like the blues more. My favorite blues song is “The No Money Blues.” I think the greatest blues artist was W. C. Handy. DLP Transparency 1

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. The movie The Joy Luck Club was one of the best films I ever saw. It explored the human heart further than most movies. DLP Transparency 2

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. What is the most useful invention ever? The car allowed speedier travel, but the telephone let people communicate better. Some people would say the computer is the greatest invention. DLP Transparency 3

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Native Americans lived in the Americas before any other people. Their survival skills in this land were better than those of the new European settlers. Differing attitudes about land caused more problems between Native Americans and settlers than anything else. DLP Transparency 4

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. My friends’ plan for a hike sounds good to me, and I’ll feel bad if I have to miss it. If my cold doesn’t get better, I won’t feel well enough to go. DLP Transparency 5

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. I can’t afford to belong to a gym. I can’t do anything about my finances, but I don’t have to ride in a car if I’m going someplace that isn’t a long distance away. DLP Transparency 6

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. While I was riding my bicycle, I saw a lost dog. Wearing a collar and tags, the dog appeared to belong to someone. DLP Transparency 7

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. He wrote a shorter essay. He wrote the shortest essay. BR Transparency 1

BR Transparency 2

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. incorrect BR Transparency 3

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Bill has more CDs than anyone else. Maria’s cat is nicer than Kristi’s cat. I like basketball better than football. The sentences contain incomplete comparisons. BR Transparency 4

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Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. I can hardly see the stage. We don’t have any eggs. They never go anywhere. BR Transparency 6

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. Using his binoculars, he saw a deer. Juana has algebra only three days this week. Walking along the beach, I scraped my foot on a rock. BR Transparency 7

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. The high school band marches in the annual Fourth of July parade. We shop the seasonal sales at our local department store. Tomorrow we will take our final test of the school year. TMSD Transparency 2

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. I tried to stop the dog from digging in the yard. We watched the contestants who were running in the race. Fred comforted the crying baby. Looking at her watch, Barbara waited for the doctor. TMSD Transparency 7

Writing Application 1 Good writers are careful about the clear use and placement of modifiers. Notice, for example, the italicized modifiers in the following passage from Flannery O’Connor’s A View of the Woods.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. No one was particularly glad that Mary Fortune looked like her grandfather except the old man himself. He thought it added greatly to her attractiveness. He thought she was the smartest and the prettiest child he had ever seen and he let the rest of them know that if, IF that was, he left anything to anybody, it would be Mary Fortune he left it to. She was now nine, short and broad like himself, with his very light blue eyes, his wide prominent forehead, his steady penetrating scowl, and his rich florid complexion; but she was like him on the inside too. She had, to a singular degree, his intelligence, his strong will, and his push and drive. Modifiers in Writing

Writing Application 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Use comparative and superlative forms of modifiers when appropriate.  Try to apply some of O’Connor’s techniques when you write and revise your own work.  –WEAK VERSION a smart and pretty child –O’CONNER’S VERSION the smartest and the prettiest child Techniques with Modifiers

Writing Application 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Place modifiers correctly to make your meaning clear.  –CONFUSING PLACEMENT With his very light blue eyes, his wide prominent forehead, his steady penetrating scowl, and his rich florid complexion, she was now nine, short and broad like himself.... –O’CONNER’S VERSION She was now nine, short and broad like himself, with his very light blue eyes, his wide prominent forehead, his steady penetrating scowl, and his rich florid complexion.... Techniques with Pronouns

Writing Application 4 Practice Practice using modifiers correctly by revising the following passage. Margaret watched her friend Linda windsurf sitting on the prow of the small boat. She wondered if she would ever be able to do it as effortlessly. There only was one way to find out. Taking a deep breath, her board was tossed into the water. Then she took another deep breath and plunged in after it. Climbing aboard, her feet were positioned just as Linda had taught her. She began to skim over the water as the wind became stronger. Feeling more freer than a seagull and more playful than a dolphin, suddenly the wind shifted, tossing her off the board. The sea was icy. It had not been icy near the shore. Struggling to the surface, a sobering thought occurred to her. She had a long way to go before she could windsurf in Linda’s league.

Writing Online Explore online information about the topics introduced in this unit. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Writer’s Choice Web site. At this site, you will find unit overviews, interactive activities, and Web sites correlated with the units and lessons in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://writerschoice.glencoe.com

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Splash Screen UNIT 18 Using Modifiers Correctly. 2 Contents Unit 18 Overview Lesson 18.1: The Three Degrees of Comparisone Three Degrparison Lesson 18.2Lesson.

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Splash Screen UNIT 18 Using Modifiers Correctly. 2 Contents Unit 18 Overview Lesson 18.1: The Three Degrees of Comparisone Three Degrparison Lesson 18.2Lesson.

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