1. Scopes / Warm Ups Term 3-4 Spring 2016 1

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3. 1. What are the units for momentum? a. Kg/sb. Kg/m c. Kg ∙ m/sd. Kg ∙ s/m 2. A 600 g basketball, a 57g tennis ball, a 46 g golf ball and a 2.7 g ping pong ball are moving with the same velocity. Which ball has the greatest momentum? a. Basketball b. Tennis Ball c. Golf Balld. Ping Pong Ball 3

4. 3. The momentum of a 5-kilogram object moving at 6meters per second is a. 1 kg ∙ m/sb. 5 kg ∙ m/s c. 11 kg ∙ m/sd. 30 kg ∙ m/s 4. The momentum of a rocket is equal to the a. sum of its mass and velocity b. product of its mass and velocity c. difference between its mass and velocity d. average of its mass and velocity 4

5. 5. An unbalanced 6.0 Newton force acts eastward on an object for 3.0 seconds. The impulse produced by the force is a. 18 N∙s Eastb. 2.0 N∙s East c. 18 N∙s Westd. 2.0 N∙s West 6. Which pair of terms are vector quantities a. force and mass b. distance and displacement c. momentum and acceleration d. speed and velocity 5

6. 1. How much work is done on a 300 Newton suitcase to light it 0.50 meters? a. 600 Joulesb. 300 Joules c. 150 Joulesd. 75 Joules 2. Which action is not an example of work being done on an object? a. lifting the object from the floor to the ceiling b. pushing the object along a horizontal floor against a frictional force c. decreasing the speed of the object until it comes to rest d. holding an object stationary above the ground 6

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8. 5. What is the velocity of a car that travels 4000 meters in 300 seconds? a. 13.3 m/sb. 1.2 x 10 6 m∙s c. 7.5 x 10 -2 m∙sd. 1.3 m/s 6. What are the units for Power? a. Newton∙Meterb. Joules c. Wattsd. Moles 8

9. 1. How much work will a 500 Watt motor do in 10 seconds? a. 0.02 joulesb. 50 joules c. 500 joulesd. 5,000 joules 2. If the time required for a student to swim 500 meters is doubled, the power developed by the student would be a. halvedb. doubled c. quarteredd. quadrupled 9

10. 3. How long would it take a machine to do 5000 Joules of work if the power rating of the machine is 100 Watts a. 5,000 secondsb. 50 seconds c. 10 secondsd. 0.2 seconds 4. A man ran on a treadmill for 1,800 seconds. At the end of his run the treadmill indicated his energy output as 2.4 x 10 5 Joules. What average power did he generate? a. 667 wattsb. 133 watts c. 66 wattsd. 7 watts 10

11. 5. Four students of different weights timed themselves walking up a set of stairs. Their data are shown below. Which students used the most power while walking up the stairs? a. Student Wb. Student X c. Student Yd. Student Z StudentStudent Weight (N) Stair Height (m) Time (s) W4404.015.5 X5504.022.0 Y4104.015.8 Z5754.023.0 11

12. 6. How much power is required to carry 35 newton package a vertical distance of 18 m if the work on the package is accomplished in 30 seconds? a. 16 wattsb. 21 watts c. 58 wattsd. 630 watts 12

13. 1. A 3.0 kg object rests on the roof’s edge of a 10.0m high building. What is the object’s potential energy? A. 22.8 JC. 294 J B. 33.0 JD. 300 J 2. What is the potential energy acquired by an object with a mass of 5.00 kg when it is raised 5.0 m? A. 25 JC. 245 J B. 49 JD. 480 J 13

14. 3. An object has a mass of 12.8 kg and a velocity of 8.4 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the object? A. 53.8 JC. 451.6 J B. 107.5 JD. 903.2 J 4. A 3.5 kg brick falls to the ground from a 8m scaffold. What is the kinetic energy of the brick just before it hits the ground? A. 28 JC. 14 J B. 274.4 JD. 2.3 J 14

15. 5. What is the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 10 kg traveling at a speed of 10 m/s? A. 100 JC. 1000 J B. 500 J D. 50,000 J 6. In collisions between two objects, kinetic energy is conserved only A.if one of the objects was initially at rest B.if the potential energy converts to work energy C.in inelastic collisions D.in elastic collisions 15

16. 1. Work is performed on an object by raising it 2 m above the floor. Which of the following types of energy must change in this situation? A. Chemical Energy B. Magnetic Energy C. Mechanical Energy D. Thermal Energy 2. As the temperature of a steel wire is increased, the amplitude of vibration of the molecules in the wire A. Decreases B. IncreasesC. Remains the same 16

17. 3. The diagram shown below, represents two objects, A and B, in contact with one another. The direction of heat transfer between them is determined by their relative A. Heat B. Densities C. Masses D. Temperatures 4. A 1.0 x 10 3 kilogram block absorbs 2.4 x 10 3 kilojoules of hear as its temperature rises from 710°C to 720°C. What is the specific heat of the block? A. 2.4 x 10 5 kJ/kg°CB. 0.24 kJ/kg°C C. 4.2 x 10 7 kJ/kg°CD. 4.2 x 10 8 kJ/kg°C 17

18. 5. In 1742, Benjamin Franklin designed a wood burning stove to heat rooms. The front of the stove was open allowing heat to spread into the room. The back of the stove was closed, but had an air intake that increased air circulation. Fires lit in traditional fireplaces received less oxygen than those lit in Franklin stoves. What effect does a lit Franklin stove have on the air molecules in the room. A. Decrease their mass B. Increase their speed C. Decrease their volume D. Increase their energy loss 6. If two substances are placed in contact with each other and no net exchange of internal energy occurs between them, the substances must have the same A. Specific HeatB. Melting Point C. TemperatureD. Heat of Fusion 18

19. The diagram below shows three different methods of heat transfer. Identify which letter in the diagram represents each of the following: 1. Radiation ____ 2. Conduction ____ 3. Convection ____ 19

20. 4. A local recreation center has received funding to build a swimming pool. After construction, the center will be responsible for all costs associated with pool operation. As a result, the center must consider a variety of design options, including pool size, location and heating. Where should hot water enter the pool to better heat the water. A. B. C. D. 20

21. 5. When a steel block at 100°C is placed on top of copper block at 20°C, the thermal energy of the copper begins to increase. Which of the following is the source of this increase in energy? A. The work done by the molecules within the copper B. The work done by the interaction of the two metals C. Heat flowing by means of conduction D. Heat flowing by means of radiation 6. Power can be described as A. the rate of energy transfer. B. the change in kinetic energy. C. the force exerted over a given distance. D. the ratio of work output to work input. 21

22. 1. What are the units for frequency? A. Seconds B. Meters/Second C. Newton's D. Hertz 2. The period of an ocean wave is 10 seconds. What is the wave’s frequency? A. 10.0 Hz B.20.0 Hz C. 0.10 Hz D. 5.0 Hz 22

23. 3. The frequency of a wave is the inverse of its A. frequency. B. period. C. wavelength. D. amplitude. 4. Which of the following waves requires a medium for transmission? A. Light waves B. Radio waves C. Sound waves D. Cosmic waves 23

24. 5. Which is the unit for wavelength A. Cycles per second B. Second C. Meters/Second D. Meters 6. Which type of wave is classified as longitudinal? A. Water B. Radio C. Sound D. Light 24

25. The diagram shown represents four waves traveling to the right in the same medium 1. Which wave has the greatest amplitude? ABCD 2. Which wave has the greatest frequency? ABCD 25

26. 3. The rate at which a wave travels from one point to another determines the waves A.frequency B.period C.amplitude D.velocity 4. An opera singer’s voice is able to break a thin crystal glass if the singer’s voice and the glass have the same natural A.frequency B.speed C.amplitude D.wavelength 26

27. 5. The diagram shown is a representation of sound waves on an oscilloscope. The pattern was produced by varying the loudness of a sound. Which point represents the loudest sound? _____ 6. An observer detects an apparent change in the frequency of sound waves produced by an airplane passing overhead. This phenomenon illustrates. A. The Doppler effect B. Wave amplitude increase C. Refraction of sound waves D. Wave Intensity increase 27

28. 1. A cart at the top of a hill is released and rolls down the hill. Which of the following describes the energy of the cart just as ti reaches the bottom of the hill? A.The cart has no energy B.The cart has maximum kinetic energy C.The cart has maximum gravitational potential energy D.The cart has equal gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. 2. Work is being done when a force A.Acts vertically on a cart that can only move horizontally B.Is exerted by one team in a tug of war when there is no movement. C.Is exerted while pulling a wagon up a hill D.Of gravitational attraction acts on a person standing on the surface of the earth. 28

29. 3. The graph below shows the relationship between the work done by a student vs time as a student runs up a flight of stairs. The slope of the graph would have units of A. JoulesC. Seconds B. WattsD. Newtons 29

30. 4. Noah Carried a skateboard up a hill and then rode the skateboard down the hill. When Noah reached the bottom of the hill, he rolled to a stop. When did Noah and his skateboard have the most potential energy? A.While carrying the skateboard up the hill B.While standing on the skateboard at the top of the hill C.While riding the skateboard down the hill D.While standing on the skateboard at the bottom of the hill 30

31. 5. Two students each carry a box up to the third floor of a building. The total mass of each student and the box she is carrying is the same. Roberta makes the trip in 45 s while Mary takes 30 s. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Roberta does more total work than Mary. B. Mary does more total work than Roberta. C. Roberta has a greater power output than Mary. D. Mary has a greater power output than Roberta. 6. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object in motion? A. potential energy B. kinetic energy C. gravitational energy D. electrical energy 31

32. 1. A stretched spring attached to two fixed points is compressed on one end and released, as shown below. The resulting wave travels back and forth between the two fixed ends of the spring until it comes to a stop. This mechanical wave is an example of a – A. transverse wave B. longitudinal wave C. superposition wave D. refracted wave 2. In a vacuum, electromagnetic waves such as visible light, radio waves, and x-rays all have the same – A. SpeedB. Wavelength C. FrequencyD. Energy 32

33. 3. An amusement park ride has a frequency of 0.05 Hz. What is the ride’s period? A. 5 seconds B. 20 seconds C. 40 seconds D. 10 seconds 4. The graph shows the work accomplished by an electric motor. What is the power of the motor? A. 100 W B. 500 W C. 2500W D. Not enough information given 33

34. 5. What property of electromagnetic waves makes it possible to use these waves to transmit information between a space shuttle and NASA mission control centers on the ground on Earth? A. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves B. Electromagnetic waves have very low velocity C. Electromagnetic waves are visible to human eyes D. Electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum. 6. If 75 J of work is done in moving a cart a distance of 5 m, how much force was applied? A. 375 N B. 0.07 N C. 0 N D. 15 N 34

35. 1. As the waves travel from the left through the barrier, they produce a pattern on the right side. In a segment of this pattern, part of the wave tends to disappear. What phenomenon of waves causes this pattern to occur? A. The waves interfere with one another constructively and destructively. B. The waves refract as they travel through the openings. C. The waves reflect back and forth as they travel through the openings. D. The waves change in frequency when they meet one another. 35

36. 2. Students want to reflect a laser light off some flat mirrors in the auditorium so that it hits somewhere on the screen. Which of the following diagrams best shows how the mirrors could be placed and the path that the light will take? 36

37. 3. In a vacuum, electromagnetic waves such as visible light, radio waves, and x-rays all have the same – A. Speed B. Wavelength C. Frequency D. Energy 4. Which phenomenon must occur when two or more waves pass simultaneously through the same region in a medium? A. Refraction B. Dispersion C. Interference D. Reflection 37

38. 5. Which of the following is an example of an electromagnetic wave? a. an oscillation of a spring b. a water wave c. a vibration of a violin d. a radio wave 6. As viewed from Earth, the light from a star has lower frequencies than light emitted by the star because the star is a. stationary b. moving away from earth c. moving toward earth d. moving faster than earth 38

39. 1. A stretched spring attached to two fixed points is compressed on one end and released, as shown below. The resulting wave travels back and forth between the two fixed ends of the spring until it comes to a stop. This mechanical wave is an example of a – A. transverse waveB. longitudinal wave C. Super-positioned waveD. Refracted wave 2. Monochromatic light is light of a single wavelength. A. True B. False 39

40. 3. A ray of monochromic light is traveling from flint glass. The ray strikes the flint glass-air interface at the angle of incidence greater than they critical angle for flint glass. Which diagram best represents the path of the light ray? 4. When waves pass through an opening, some of the waves are bent. This phenomenon is called A. Refraction B. Diffraction C. Reflection D. Interference 40

41. 5. Within a vacuum, the property common to all electromagnetic waves is their A. Amplitude B. Wavelength C. Frequency D. Velocity 6. Which phenomenon must occur when two or more waves pass simultaneously through the same region in a medium A. Refraction B. Dispersion C. Interference D. Reflection 41

42. 1. Two students each carry a box up to the third floor of a building. The total mass of each student and the box she is carrying is the same. Roberta makes the trip in 45 s while Mary takes 30 s. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Roberta does more total work than Mary. B. Mary does more total work than Roberta. C. Roberta has a greater power output than Mary. D. Mary has a greater power output than Roberta 42

43. 2. What property of electromagnetic waves makes it possible to use these waves to transmit information between a space shuttle and NASA mission control centers on the ground on Earth? A. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves B. Electromagnetic waves have very low velocity C. Electromagnetic waves are visible to human eyes D. Electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum. 43

44. 3. Which waves can be polarized? A. Light waves from an incandescent bulb B. Sound waves from a tuba C. Longitudinal waves D. Seismic waves (P-waves) 4. Compared to the speed of visible light waves, the speed of x-rays is A. Smaller B. Larger C. The same 44

45. 5. What phenomenon can be observed for transverse waves only? A. Reflection B. Polarization C. Diffraction D. Refraction 6. A plane mirror produces an image of an object. Compared to the object, the image appears A. Inverted and the same size B. Reversed and the same size C. Inverted and larger D. Reversed and larger 45

46. 1. In the diagram here a light ray passes from air into a glass block. Which path represents the refracted ray of light? ____ 46

47. 2. Two pulses are travelling along a string toward each other as represented in the diagram below. Which phenomenon will occur as the pulses meet? A. Reflection B. Polarization C. Interference D. Refraction 47

48. 3. When the beams from two coherent light sources are projected on a screen, alternating bright and dark area are produced. This phenomenon illustrates light A. Polarization B. Interference C. Dispersion D. Refraction 4. Which wave phenomenon is represented in the diagram to the right? A. Refraction B. Diffraction C. Reflection D. interference 48

49. 5. The rate at which a wave travels from one point to another determines the waves _____. A. Frequency B. Period C. Velocity D. Amplitude 6. Two waves have the same frequency in a medium. The wave with the greater energy has the greater A. AmplitudeB. Velocity C. WavelengthD. Period 49

50. 1. Light travels from medium A where its speed is 2.5 x 10 8 m/s into medium B where its speed is 2.0 x 10 8 m/s. Compared to the absolute index of refraction of medium A, the absolute index of refraction of medium B is A. Less B. Greater C. The same 2. When the beams from two coherent light sources are projected on a screen, alternating bright and dark areas are produced. This phenomenon illustrates A. Polarization B. Dispersion C. Interference D. Refraction 50

51. 3. In the diagram below, a monochromatic light ray is passing from medium A into medium B. The angle of incidence θ is varied by moving the light source S. When angle θ becomes the critical angle, the angle of refraction will be A. 0° B. θ C. Greater than θ but less than 90° D. 90° 4. What property of light makes optical fibers work? A. Refraction B. Interference C. Diffraction D. Total Internal Reflection 51

52. 5. How much power would be developed if 135 J of work were done in 2.5s? A. 6.0 W B. 54 W C. 27 W D. 3.0 W 6. How much kinetic energy does a 1000 kg car have if it is traveling at 30 m/s? A. 30,000 J B. 450,000 J C. 33 J D. not enough information given 52