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Microsoft Hyper-V (70-659) Aresh Sarkari Infrastructure Architect http://askaresh.blogspot.in
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Full Day Agenda Agenda TimeSpeakerTopics 9.30AM – 10.00AMRegistrations 10.00AM – 11.45AMAresh Sarkari, Technical Architect at Unisys. Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part 1 (Hyper-V Fundamentals, Planning, Configurations & Management) 11.45AM – 12.00PMTea Break 12.00PM - 01.30PMGaurav Anand, Microsoft MVP Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part II (Hyper-V Architectures, Networking, Storage, Backup & Restore) 01.30PM - 02.15 PMLunch Break 02.15PM - 04.00PMPrecheta / MS Anand, Microsoft India Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part III (Hyper-V Security, Best Practices) 04.00PM - 04.30PMTea Break 04.30PM - 05.45PM Chalk Talk with Industry Expert to clear the Exam-70-659 Quiz, Q&A, Exam Tips & Tricks 05.45PM - 06.00PMUG LeadsClosing Note
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My Agenda Exam Info on 70-659 Hyper-V Planning Hyper-V Configuration Hyper-V Management Demo
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Exam 70-659 Installing and Configuring Host and Parent Settings Add the Hyper-V role on Windows Server 2008 R2. Enable remote management. Configure virtual networks and VLAN security. Configure storage. Configuring Child Settings Configure child resources. Configure child storage. Configure child network adapters. Create and deploy virtual machines. Managing and Monitoring Virtual Environments Solve performance and resource issues. Configure delegation of rights. Create roles and configure authorization rights. Manage non-Hyper-V-aware virtualization hosts. Ensuring High Availability and Recoverability Manage snapshots. Manage backups. Perform non-clustered migrations. Configure quick and live migrations Performing Migration Perform physical-to-virtual (P2V) migration. Perform virtual-to-virtual (V2V) migration. Perform import/export migration. Configuring Remote Desktop (RD) Role Services Infrastructure Configure RD session host. Configure RD licensing. Configure RD Connection Broker. Configure RD Gateway. Configure RD Web Access.
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Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V Built on Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V architecture – 400+ case studies: www.microsoft.com/virtualizationwww.microsoft.com/virtualization – 1 million+ downloads of Hyper-V RTM in 12 months – Fastest growing bare metal hypervisor in x86 history Microsoft.com running on Hyper-V R2 – ~15,000 requests per second – Over 40 million hits per day – Over 1.2 billion page hits per month Enabling new dynamic scenarios – Dynamic Data Center – Virtualized Centralized Desktop Customer Driven Design
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Virtual Machine Overview Virtual Machine components – Memory – Virtual processors (compute) – Network Adapters (network) – Virtual Disks (storage) VM guest OS – Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 – Windows Server 2003 SP2+ and Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2+ – Windows 2000 Server SP4+ – Windows Home Server 2011, Small Business Server 2011 – Windows 7, Windows Vista and Windows XP SP2+ – CentOS 5.2+, Redhat 5.2+ and SUSE Linux Server 10 SP4+ – Full list: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc794868(WS.10).aspxhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc794868(WS.10).aspx Host Server VMs or “Guests”
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Hyper-V Architecture
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Requirements and Limits Host computer components ComponentDescription Logical processors64 Virtual processors per logical processor 8 Virtual machines per server 384 running virtual machines Memory1 TB Storage No limits imposed by Hyper-V Physical network adapters No limits imposed by Hyper-V Virtual machine components ComponentDescription Virtual processors4 Memory64 GB Virtual IDE disks4 Virtual SCSI disks256 Virtual hard disk capacity2040 GB Snapshots50 Virtual network adapters12
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Hyper-V Editions FeaturesWS 2008 R2 SP1 with Hyper-V Standard WS 2008 R2 SP1 with Hyper-V Enterprise WS 2008 R2 SP1 with Hyper-V Datacenter Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 Logical Processors64 Virtual Processors per Logical Processor 8:1 12:1* 8:1 12:1* 8:1 12:1* 8:1 12:1* Max # of VMs per Host (Supported)192384 Virtual NetworksUnlimited Guest Virtual NICs 4 Legacy 8 Synthetic 4 Legacy 8 Synthetic 4 Legacy 8 Synthetic 4 Legacy 8 Synthetic Guest Storage Adapters 2 IDE 4 SCSI 2 IDE 4 SCSI 2 IDE 4 SCSI 2 IDE 4 SCSI Guest Storage Devices 4 IDE 256 SCSI 4 IDE 256 SCSI 4 IDE 256 SCSI 4 IDE 256 SCSI Virtual Floppy Devices1111 Serial (COM) Ports2222 Included Use Rights 1 Physical 1 VM 1 Physical 4 VMs 1 Physical Unlimited VMs None
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Guest OS Support Windows Server – Windows Server 2000 – Windows Server 2003 – Windows Server 2008 – Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Client – Windows XP Pro SP2/SP3 – Windows Vista – Windows 7 Non-Microsoft – SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10/11 – RHEL 5.2/5.3 – CentOS
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Apps Running Inside the Guest See KB 957006 for more informationKB 957006 Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V)Microsoft Operations Manager (MOM) 2005 Microsoft BizTalk ServerMicrosoft Search Server Microsoft Commerce ServerWindows SBS / EBS 2008 Microsoft Dynamics AX, CRM, GP, NAVMicrosoft SQL Server 2005, 2008 Microsoft Exchange ServerMicrosoft System Center Configuration Manager Microsoft Forefront Client SecurityMicrosoft System Center Data Protection Manager Microsoft Intelligent Application Gateway (IAG)Microsoft System Center Essentials Microsoft Forefront Security for Exchange (FSE)Microsoft System Center Operations Manager Microsoft Forefront Security for SharePoint (FSP)Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager Microsoft Host Integration ServerMicrosoft Systems Management Server (SMS) Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA)Microsoft Visual Studio Team System Microsoft Office Communications Server R2Microsoft Windows HPC Server 2008 Microsoft Office Groove ServerMicrosoft Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) Microsoft Office Performance Point ServerWindows Server 2003 Web Edition Microsoft Office Project ServerMicrosoft Office SharePoint Server and WSS Opalis Integration ServerWindows Web Server 2008
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Hardware & BIOS X64 Hardware Assisted Virtualization – AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) – Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT) Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP) required – AMD (NX no execute bit) – Intel (XD execute disable) Second Level Address Translation (SLAT) – AMD Nested Page Tables (NPT) or Rapid Virtualization Indexing (RVI) – Intel Extended Page Tables (EPT) Hyper-V does not support Itanium (IA-64) processors – Must use 3rd party hypervisor Enabled from the BIOS
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Virtual Machine Density Planning Considerations – Hardware Limits – Hyper-V Limits – Reserve Capacity (failover) 384 VM per host/node limit 512 VP per host/node limit – 12:1 virtual processors per logical (# processors) * (# cores) * (# threads per core) * 12 = total Failover Clustering – Up to 16 nodes – Up to 1,000 VMs across all nodes
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Processor Compatibility Mode Overview – Allows live migration across different CPU versions within same processor family – Configure compatibility on a per-VM basis – Abstracts VM down to the lowest common denominator (instruction sets available to VM) Benefits – Greater flexibility within clusters – Enables migration across a broader ranger of Hyper-V host hardware
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Hyper-V Configuration Microsoft IT Camps - Virtualization
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Guidelines for Designing Virtual Machines Standardize the Virtual Machine configuration Plan virtual machines for specific server roles by – Monitoring the servers before virtualization – Configuring each VM with a hardware configuration similar to the hardware required on a physical server Deploy Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows 7 virtual machines whenever possible Install Integration Services whenever possible to improve integration between the physical computer and the virtual machine
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Deployment Methods Standard Installation Unattended Installation – UNATTEND.XML answer file for customization – Windows System Image Manager (WSIM) to create and manage answer file Microsoft Deployment Toolkit 2010 – Task sequence created for customization – Integration with System Center ConfigMgr System Center VMM 2008 R2 / 2012 – Hyper-V role enabled when host is added – VMM 2012 also supports bare-metal deployment
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Enabling Hyper-V Hyper-V is enabled as a server role (restart required) Hypervisor must be enabled and running to start virtual machines Verify the status of the Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management Service
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Enabling by Server Manager Server Role
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Enabling by CLI (Server Core) CMD – > DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Hyper-V – > start /w ocsetup Microsoft-Hyper-V PowerShell – > Add-WindowsFeature Hyper-V Server Manager GUI available with remote management
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Enabling on Hyper-V Server Hyper-V enabled automatically!
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Enabling by SCVMM Will be automatically enabled when adding hosts
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Creating Virtual Machines 1.Name 2.Location 3.Memory 4.Network 5.Virtual Hard Disk 6.Operating System
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Virtual Machine Installation Methods Install using CD/DVD Install using CD/DVD Install from an.ISO Install from an.ISO Install from a boot floppy Install from a boot floppy
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Hyper-V Integration Settings Integration Components (ICs) makes guest OS aware that it is running in a VM Many ICs come pre-installed with Hyper-V on a simulated “Setup Disk” which can be installed from the Action menu Integration Service settings managed from the VM settings
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Moving VMs to a 2008 R2 Host Backup / Restore – Varies based on backup provider Export / Import – Export VMs that are not running Saves snapshots, VHDs, VMs, config XML – Import VMs Move VM (keeps same unique ID) Copy VM (creates new unique ID) Duplicate VM (allows for multiple new VMs) Migration – Server Migration Tools – Migration from Virtual Server 2005 R2 is a unique one-way process
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Configuring Virtual Networks Configured from Virtual Network Manager External Networks – VMs can communicate with other computers on the network – Only 1 per physical NIC Internal Networks – VMs can communicate with only other VMs on the same host, and with the host computer Private Networks – VMs can communicate only with other VMs on the same host
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Configuring (MAC) Address Pools Hyper-V – Microsoft reserved first 3 octets 00-15-5d-**-**-** – Each host has a random pool 00-15-5D-**-**-00 Sysprepping after installing Hyper-V will cause both hosts to have the same pool – Default range of 256 addresses 00-15-5D-**-**-00 00-15-5D-**-**-FF – Will avoid conflicts on the same host Use SCVMM to avoid conflicts across hosts SCVMM Uses broader range than Hyper-V First three octets standard, but changeable – 00-1D-D8-**-**-** Default range of 3,998,719 addresses – 00-1D-D8-B7-1C-00 – 00-1D-D8-F4-1F-FF If changing the first three octets do not used reserved ranges from Microsoft, VMware or Citrix
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Configuring VLAN Tags Configure VLAN identifiers – On internal and external virtual networks – On the network adapters attached to virtual machines Virtual NetworkVM Properties
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Configuring Firewall Rules Automatically configured during Hyper-V role installation – Check Windows Firewall with Advanced Security – On Server Core use SConfig tool Automatically configured when adding a host via VMM Failover Clustering with a File Server or VMM Library requires ‘Remote Volume Management’ to be unblocked
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Creating VHDs Use the Virtual Disk Wizard – Disk Type: Fixed, Dynamically Expanding, Differencing – Name & Location – Configure Disk: Size, Contents can be copied from another location Configuration can be changed using the VM settings – IDE Controller(s) & Location – SCSI Controller(s) & Location – Media: VHD, Physical hard drive – Diskette Drive
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Choosing VM Locations VM Storage – VHDs: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\virtual hard disks – VMs (configuration): C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V Virtual Machines Snapshots Considerations – Performance – Hard Drive Space – Security – Shared Storage for Failover Clustering
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Configuring iSCSI Target: Create virtual disks Initiator(s): Request access to disks Target: Accept access request from initiator(s) Initiator(s): Refresh configuration to check connection Initiator(s): Login to the target – Enable automatic reconnections Servers: Initialize, format and bring disks online Now you can use these disks for your VMs or cluster
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DEMO
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Hyper-V Management Microsoft IT Camps - Virtualization
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Hyper-V Manager Command Line WMI Integrated Tool Experience Numerous Management Options SCVMMSCOM Failover Cluster Manager PowerShell PowerShellRSAT
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Hyper-V Manager
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Overview of Hyper-V Settings Hyper-V Servers Listing of Virtual Machines Hyper-V Server Actions Virtual Machine Actions Snapshots Details of Selected VM
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Overview of User Settings Default Folder Locations User Settings Keyboard Actions
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VM Connection Application Is used to manage local or remote virtual machines Is installed with Hyper-V or RSAT Uses RDP on port 2179 Uses the mstsc.exe Active X control Requires port 2179 open on Windows Firewall
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Failover Cluster Manager Integrated with Hyper-V Deploy, configure, manage and connect to VMs from this interface Launch Hyper-V Wizards Supports 1000 VMs per cluster Note: Hyper-V Manager is not cluster aware – you must manage clustered VMs using Failover Cluster Manager or System Center Virtual Machine Manager
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Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2 – Centralized virtual machine deployment and management for Hyper-V, Virtual Server, Failover Clusters and VMware ESX servers – Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates – Centralized library of infrastructure components – Allow for delegated management and access of VMs
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PowerShell Server Core, Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 & RSAT Remoting Support Hyper-V Integration – Find a VM – Connect to a VM – Discover a VM – Change VM State – Backup a VM – Add / Remove VM – Manage VMs on Clusters – Change VM Storage – Change VM Networks – Manipulate VHD Files Also supports Failover Clustering and System Center Virtual Machine Manager
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Windows Management Instrumentation WMI API – Native WMI scripting – Community PowerShell Library – SCVMM 2008/2012 PowerShell Library Useful when SCVMM server not available Use WMIC (WMI Command Line) to access Hyper-V Also supports Failover Clustering and System Center Virtual Machine Manager
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Remote Server Admin. Tools RSAT allows server management on Client Connect to Hosts Free download: http://www.microsoft.com/ download/en/details.aspx? displaylang=en&id=7887 http://www.microsoft.com/ download/en/details.aspx? displaylang=en&id=7887 Must enable feature on Client – Select Role Administration Tools Select Hyper-V Tools
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Remote Desktop Connection Manager Remote desktop connection management at scale Connect to hosts or VMs Runs on Server & Client Free download: http://www.microsoft.com/ download/en/details.aspx? displaylang=en&id=21101 http://www.microsoft.com/ download/en/details.aspx? displaylang=en&id=21101
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Remote Connections Remote Desktop Protocol – Launch MSTSC(.exe) – Connect to Hosts or VMs Hyper-V Manager – Right-click Hyper-V Manager – Select “Connect to Server…” – Connect to hosts – Similar experience with RSAT
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RemoteFX Support New in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 3D GPU Host side Rendering Improved Encode/Decode Pipeline USB Redirection – Enable RemoteFX on a VM – Client must support RDP 7.1 – USB redirection must be enabled via GP – GP update and reboot required 48
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Dynamic Memory Hyper-V memory enhancement in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Higher VM consolidation ratios on same hardware with minimal performance impact Memory is pooled and dynamically distributed across VMs to allow it to easily grow or shrink with no service interruption – Active Memory addition Memory is added immediately when VM needs it – Passive Memory reclamation Unutilized memory is collected every 5 minutes Supports both server and desktop VM Guests are enlightened – Guest Integration Components installed – Must be updated to SP1 Memory is added and removed via synthetic memory driver (memory VSC) support
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Dynamic Memory Settings Startup RAM: Memory needed to boot VM – Guest OS + Apps – Default: 512MB Maximum RAM: Memory limit for the VM – Default: 64GB Memory Buffer: Free memory to try to maintain in the VM – Enables responsiveness for workload bursts – Allows use for file cache Memory Priority: Order in which VMs are allocated memory – Range: 1 (highest) - 10,000 – Default: 5,000
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Changes to Root Reserve Root memory reserve is kept for the parent partition Host Reserve amount is automatically calculated based on SLAT capability, total size of host RAM, NUMA architecture – New registry key override added Allows you to reserve static memory for the parent partition – May result in less memory being available for VMs DM allows VMs to push up against the reserve consistently New behavior better protects parent partition from VMs taking too much memory Host Reserve VM Overhead Memory utilized by VMs VM Reserve
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Core Parking Scheduling VMs on a single server for density as opposed to dispersion Allows “parking” or “sleeping” of cores by putting them in deep C states Reduces CPU power consumption Processor is “parked”
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DEMO
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Thank You!
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