1. Unit 2: People and the Planet Revision lesson 1 of 3 Learning objective To revise TOPIC 2: Consuming resources

2. KEY CONCEPT TermDefinitionExample Non renewableCan’t be remade, being used up, once gone they are gone Oil, Coal, Diamonds Renewable, sustainable resources These renew themselves and don’t need managing Wave, Wind, Solar Sustainable resources Can be renewed by humans and therefore will last Wood, bio fuels

3. QUESTION TIME!  Define the term renewable resource and give an example (2)  Define the term non-renewable resource and give an example (2) ?

4. Governments have choices: Imagine you live in a country with an estimated amount of oil left for 50 years. Once this runs out that is it! Which of the 3 options below is best? 1) Invest in alternative forms of energy for your country, i.e. build more wind farms, more HEP, etc. 2) Buy resources from abroad, there are plenty of other countries that have lots of resources that are willing to sell and export the oil to you. Then in 50 years time you will have loads of oil and other countries will start to run out and come to you for oil. 3) Do nothing and just wait and see what happens; besides you won’t be running the country when it all runs out! Have to consider: cost, time, space, technology, motivation

5. Patterns of supply and demand  Current production of Oil is focused in the Middle East, especially Saudi Arabia.  However many of these countries have reached ‘peak oil’ (production of relatively cheaply obtained oil has reached its maximum so there is now a fall in production). They will need to think carefully and creatively to find a new source of income and source of energy within the next 100 years

6. Patterns of supply and demand  Consumption is largely related to the wealth of a country and its reliance on cars. 70% of the world’s oil is used transporting goods and people within and between countries. The USA has less than 5% of the population but uses 25% of the oil mainly due to: Lack of public transport systems Low density urban settlements so need long journeys to work, school etc History of low petrol prices

7. Pressure on oil  Countries round the world are getting richer and richer.  As they do they will start to put more pressure on valuable resources like oil  China and India are continuing to grow rapidly with a combined population of 1,400 million using 71 million cars. In most cases as the population grows the demand for cars will increase as the hope to get ‘the American Dream’.  To achieve this Tata Motors based in India has begun production a car priced at £1500, this increasing the demand for oil and adding to C02 emissions.

8. QUESTION TIME!  Outline how increasing car ownership might cause an increase in the demand for oil (2) ?

9. Malthus vs Boserup Famine and other resource issues are inevitable if population is not kept in check Technology will allow us to fix the issues that population growth brings

10. Reducing resource demand  The aim is to achieve ‘SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT’:  ‘This is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’

11. Strategies to reduce resource demand Individual action:  Changing habits e.g. using public transport and switching to energy efficient light bulbs etc.  Recycling and conservation of oil  Buying food from local farm shops to reduce ‘food miles’ Corporate Action:  Google Headquarters uses hydrogen cars which are renewable and also provides a bus shuttle to pick up its employers to reduce their car usage Government Action:  Invest money in developing alternative sources of energy. E.g. Hydrogen  Invest in public transport systems to encourage people to drive cars less

12. Technological fix?  Technological fix is the idea that we can resolve problems we might have by inventing solutions to them.  The problem of finding alternative fuels to replace ‘cheap’ oil would need high amounts of effort from governments, corporations and researchers to cope with the issue of ‘peak oil’. Hydrogen: a good ‘alternative’ resource?

13. QUESTION TIME! 1. Outline how technology might help solve shortages of resources (4) 2. Explain how developing sustainable transport can lead to a reduction in resource use (6) ?