1. Candide and Voltaire Approaches to Literature

2. COMEDIC TECHNIQUES: EXAGGERATION (hyperbole) UNDERSTATE- MENT —“sweating to death --“It’s a bit wet out there.”

3. COMEDIC TECHNIQUES: WARPED LOGIC IMPROBABLE SITUATIONS Harlan is funny. Harlan is a man. Men are funny. --“equipping a submarine with a screen door”

4. satire a work that ridicules human foibles, vices and follies… that creates absurdity, challenges beliefs… GOAL: to improve human society inspire remodeling (raising), not razing

5. Candide A picaresque novel… series of self-contained episodes with a plot and climax adventures and exotic travel set in motion by an incident beyond the character’s control like beads on a necklace

6. Candide technique of digression… another character relates his/her own personal narrative

7. FOUR APPROACHES… Formalistic/ structural looks at the way a piece is organized and approached— the type of discourse and literary techniques used—Candide is a satire and uses those techniques

8. FOUR APPROACHES… Archetypallooks for the universals and motifs in a work— in Candide look for the mentors he has and what each teaches him

9. FOUR APPROACHES… Socio-historic sees the implications for the historic time and social milieu during which the piece was written— here it’s the idea of a utopia

10. FOUR APPROACHES… Reader- response asks how the piece resonates with you—your own feelings