2. Careers in Hospitality & Tourism
Chapter 16
Careers in Hospitality & Tourism
Career Choices
Educational Resources

3. Chapter Objectives
Identify the advantages of working in the hospitality and tourism industries.
Describe career segments in the hospitality and tourism industries.
Identify possible career paths in the hospitality and tourism industries.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of owning a hospitality business.
Identify the main types of educational resources.

4. Choosing a Career
Your career choice affects your professional and personal experiences.
entry-level the position of an employee at the beginning of a particular career
Opportunities exist at all levels, including entry-level.
Section 16.1

5. Hospitality & Tourism Career Segments
The four segments of the hospitality and tourism industries are:
Food and beverage
Lodging
Travel/tourism
Sports, events, and entertainment
Section 16.1

6. Food and Beverage
The three basic areas of careers in food and beverage are:
operations the functions of a business that focus on the daily procedures necessary to maintain a business or establishment
Operations
Production
Service
Section 16.1

7. Lodging The five basic areas of careers in lodging are:
Finance and accounting
Human resources
Operations
Rooms
Sales and marketing
Section 16.1

8. Travel/Tourism The three basic areas of careers in travel/tourism are:
Destinations
Distribution channels
Transportation
Section 16.1

9. Sports, Events, and Entertainment
Managing sporting events involves the operation of an actual facility as well as supervision of other areas, such as concessions, parking, security, spectators/fans, and talent.
Typical sports-related positions are facility manager, fitness instructor, and sports agent.
Section 16.1

10. Sports, Events, and Entertainment
Typical positions in the events area include event planner, meeting planner, and special-event coordinator.
Section 16.1

11. Sports, Events, and Entertainment
Jobs in the entertainment area can include promoting and booking acts as well as negotiating contracts.
Some positions are box-office manager, cruise director, and activity director.
Section 16.1

12. Hotel Rooms Division Career Path
Hospitality & Tourism Career Paths
Hotel Rooms Division Career Path
General Manager**
Director of Rooms Division
15+ years
Front-Office Manager
10 years
Assistant Front-Desk Manager
5 years
Front-Desk Manager*
1–4 years
0–1 year
* Individuals with previous experience
** individuals with training from all divisions
Section 16.1 12

13. Food & Beverage Division Career Path
Hospitality & Tourism Career Paths
Food & Beverage Division Career Path
General Manager**
Director of Food & Beverage
15+ years
Assistant Food & Beverage Manager
10 years
Restaurant Manager
5–7 years
Assistant Manager*
4 years
0–1 year
* Individuals with previous experience
** individuals with training from all divisions
Section 16.1 13

14. Tour Operations Career Path
Hospitality & Tourism Career Paths
Tour Operations Career Path
Vice President**
Product Manager
12+ years
Tour-Guide Manager
7 years
Assistant Tour-Guide Manager
5 years
Tour Guide
2 years
* Individuals with previous experience
** individuals with training from all divisions
Section 16.1 14

15. Box-Office Career Path
Hospitality & Tourism Career Paths
Box-Office Career Path
Director of Sales**
Box-Office Manager
10+ years
Assistant Box-Office Manager
5 years
Ticket Agent
2 years
Reservationist
1 year
* Individuals with previous experience
** individuals with training from all divisions
Section 16.1 15

16. Owning Your Own Hospitality Business
An entrepreneur trades a typical “nine-to-five” schedule for more control of personal time, decision-making freedom, and a better quality of life.
entrepreneur a person who organizes, manages, and takes the risk of owning and operating a business
Section 16.1

17. Advantages and Disadvantages
Owning Your Own Hospitality Business
Advantages and Disadvantages
Success depends on believing in yourself, your ideas, and your ability to succeed.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Flexible rules and decision making
More personal than large corporations
Local community connections
Long hours
No brand recognition
No large-scale purchasing strength
Section 16.1 17

18. Endless Opportunities
There are numerous career opportunities in the hospitality and tourism industries.
It is important to have a career plan.
career plan a written statement of career goals and the necessary steps to achieve them
Section 16.1

19. Proven Success in Hospitality
The following are a few examples of hospitality industry successes:
J. Willard Marriott
Opened an A&W Root Beer stand in Today Marriott International is a $20 billion global corporation.
Kemmons Wilson
Opened a small, family-style hotel in the 1950s. Today Holiday Inns are found across the country.
Walter E. Disney
Started a cartoon business in 1923 with his brother. Today The Walt Disney Company is a multibillion- dollar global business.
Section 16.1

20. Fighting Fraud
Identity theft contributes to 25 percent of all credit-card fraud losses each year. Fraud includes embezzlement, identity theft, credit-card scams, and Internet fraud. In diverse industries such as hospitality and tourism, where money is spent internationally and reservations are made online, detecting fraud is essential.
Operating an e-tail business on an electronic channel—the Web—can be costly, due to design, delivery, returns, and operating expenses.
Though Many larger dot-com companies crashed in the 1990’s, small stores like Harris Cyclery of West Newton, Massachusetts, actually increase sales using a basic Web site. Today, a third of Harris’s bicycle business rides in on the Web to get hard-to-find parts and personal service.
Describe an e-business’s home page to your class after viewing one through marketingseries.glencoe.com.
Now hospitality managers can take an online course to learn to prevent fraud. The 70-minute course called FraudAware/Hospitality trains managers to recognize and report signs of restaurant, bar, and hotel scams.
For more information, go to marketingseries.glencoe.com.
Section 1-2 20

21. What are the duties of a food-and-beverage manager?
16.1 1.
Why is your career choice one of the most important decisions you can make?
What are the duties of a food-and-beverage manager?
What are three possible food-and-beverage production positions? 2.
Quick Check Answers
It will affect how you spend eight hours a day, each week, for most of your life.
Duties include meeting operations and cost objectives of a company, overseeing decisions, and having knowledge of safety standards.
Answers may include any three of the following positions: restaurant manager, contract food-service manager, food-and-beverage director, chef, server, catering manager, dishwasher. 3.
Section 16.1

22. Resources for Education and Training
The main types of educational resources for hospitality and tourism include:
Colleges and universities
Community colleges
Specialty schools
Certificate programs
Apprenticeships
Professional trade organizations
Cooperative education and internships
Section 16.2

23. Four-Year Degree Options
The following top-ten list was published in the Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education in 2003:
Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana Hotel and Lodging Management Travel and Tourism Management
University of Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada Hotel and Lodging Management Leisure/Sports Management
Cornell University Ithaca, New York Hotel and Lodging Management
Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan Hotel and Lodging Management Restaurant and Foodservice Management
Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania Hotel and Lodging Management Restaurant and Foodservice Management
continued
Section 16.2

24. Four-Year Degree Options
The following top-ten list was published in the Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education in 2003:
Delaware University Dover, Delaware Hotel and Lodging Management Travel and Tourism Management
Johnson and Wales University Providence, Rhode Island Hotel and Lodging Management Leisure/Sports Management Restaurant and Foodservice Management Travel and Tourism Management
Florida International University North Miami, Florida Hospitality Management Travel and Tourism Management
University of Houston Houston, Texas Hotel and Restaurant Management
Washington State University Pullman, Washington Hotel and Lodging Management Restaurant and Foodservice Management
Section 16.2

25. Community College Options
Community colleges provide convenient and low-cost options for beginning your educational career.
Many community colleges’ two-year programs are affiliated with four-year colleges and offer transfer programs.
Section 16.2

26. Community College Options
Community college programs include:
Hotel and Restaurant Management
Travel and Tourism
Culinary Technology Program
Hospitality Systems Management Program
Hospitality and Tourism Management
Hotel, Restaurant, and Resort Management
Travel Systems Operations
Hospitality Management
Chef Apprenticeship
Dietetic Technician
Food Service/Restaurant Management
Section 16.2

27. Specialty School Options
There are many certification programs that require less time than four-year programs.
certification an authorization stating that one has fulfilled the requirements for practicing in a field or career
Section 16.2

28. Professional and Trade Organizations
Each division in the hospitality and tourism industries has its own professional/trade organization.
professional/trade organization a group or association dedicated to a specific trade or profession
Section 16.2

29. Professional and Trade Organizations
Examples of professional/trade organizations are:
American Camping Association (ACA)
American Bed-and-Breakfast Association (ABBA)
American Hotel and Motel Association
American Resort Development Association (ARDA)
American Society of Association Executives (ASAE)
American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA)
American Tour Association
International Association of Culinary Professionals
International Association of Leisure and Entertainment Industry
International Association of Assembly Managers
Section 16.2

30. On-the-Job Training
An apprenticeship can offer valuable on-the-job training.
apprenticeship an educational, hands-on experience working in an established business under the guidance of a skilled worker
Companies may also offer internships or cooperative educational experiences (co-ops).
Section 16.2

31. Job-Search Resources
Web sites for job-search information are good sources of information and job listings.
Some sites include Adventures in Hospitality Careers, Cruise Ship, Hospitality Career Net, Hospitality Jobs Online, Resort Jobs, and many others.
Section 16.2

32. Not Just a Job
Hospitality and tourism professionals have flexibility, the opportunity for advancement, unlimited personal growth potential, and the chance to work with people locally, nationally, and internationally.
Section 16.2

33. Hospitality Myths and Facts
The hospitality industry is a dead-end career choice.
FACT
It is the world’s largest employer accounting for more than 200 million jobs. The projected annual job growth is 5.5 million jobs.
Section 16.2 33

34. Hospitality Myths and Facts
There is no money to be made in the industry.
FACT
The median salary as of 2003 for a general manager is $97,300; directors of sales and marketing earn $70,100; directors of revenue management earn $71,250.
Section 16.2 34

35. Hospitality Myths and Facts
The industry is shrinking, and businesses are consolidating.
FACT
The industry is thriving and more dynamic due to this consolidation. Travel expenditures are up to $1,000,000 per minute.
Section 16.2 35

36. 16.2 1.
What is ASTA?
What are two hotel corporations that offer management-training programs?
What organizations would you contact for information on international cruise lines? 2.
Quick Check Answers
American Society of Travel Agents
Hyatt Hotels and Marriott Corporation
Cruise Lines International Association 3.
Section 16.2

37. Checking Concepts
List two advantages of working in hospitality and tourism.
Career segments in the lodging industry include finance and accounting, human resources, operations, rooms, and sales and marketing. 3.
Career segments in hospitality and tourism include food and beverage; lodging; travel/tourism; and sports, entertainment, and events. 2.
Advantages to working in hospitality and tourism include the size of the industries, the variety of job opportunities, flexibility, and the chance to work with people of diverse backgrounds. Accept all reasonable answers. 1.
Identify the career segments in the hospitality and tourism industries.
Checking Concepts Answers
Advantages to working in hospitality and tourism include the size of the industries, the variety of job opportunities, flexibility, and the chance to work with people of diverse backgrounds. Accept all reasonable answers.
Career segments in hospitality and tourism include food and beverage; lodging; travel/tourism; and sports, entertainment, and events.
Career segments in the lodging industry include finance and accounting, human resources, operations, rooms, and sales and marketing.
Name the career segments in the lodging industry.
continued

38. Checking Concepts Describe a career path for the rooms division.
An entrepreneur is a person who organizes, manages, and takes the risk of owning and operating a business. 6.
A career path for tour operations might be tour guide, assistant tour guide manager, tour guide manager, product manager, vice-president. 5.
A career path in the rooms division might be front-desk manager, assistant front-office manager, front-office manager, director of rooms division, general manager. 4.
Describe a career path for tour operators.
Checking Concepts Answers
A career path in the rooms division might be front-desk manager, assistant front-office manager, front-office manager, director of rooms division, general manager.
A career path for tour operations might be tour guide, assistant tour guide manager, tour guide manager, product manager, vice-president.
An entrepreneur is a person who organizes, manages, and takes the risk of owning and operating a business.
Define the term entrepreneur.
continued

39. Checking Concepts Critical Thinking
Identify three disadvantages of owning a small business.
Answers might include that a four-year degree offers better training in the basic skills than other options and is considered by some to be more prestigious. Accept all reasonable answers. 8.
Disadvantages of owning a small hospitality business include long work hours, having to establish a reputation and customer base, having little marketing and purchasing strength, difficulty raising capital, and perhaps limited access to expensive technological systems. 7.
Explain why someone might pursue a four-year degree instead of other education options for hospitality and tourism.
Critical Thinking
Checking Concepts Answers
Disadvantages of owning a small hospitality business include long work hours, having to establish a reputation and customer base, having little marketing and purchasing strength, difficulty raising capital, and perhaps limited access to expensive technological systems.
Answers might include that a four-year degree offers better training in the basic skills than other options and is considered by some to be more prestigious. Accept all reasonable answers.

40. End of

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