1. Ecology Summative Test Review

2. _______________examples: wolf, tiger Plants are ______________ and is able to convert sunlight into stored energy called food; herbivores eat plants and are primary consumers; omnivores eat both plants and animals and are secondary consumers. ______________ examples: DEER, COWS ________________ examples: trees and tulips _________________ examples: deer, tiger, wolf, cow Arrows in food web represents the _______________________________________________ is a diagram showing the feeding relationships and the transfer of matter between organisms The _______is the source of energy for all organisms because it provides the energy needed for producers to make food. Carnivores Producers/autotroph herbivore Producers/autotroph Heterotroph/consumer Food Web sun

3. ____________ examples: bacteria, mushrooms, microorganisms. Decomposer use dead organisms for food like a_______________. _____________ is a place where a member of a community lives and finds food. Decomposer s a dead tree limb Habitat

4. Eagle and owl has a ______________relationship because they both eat the snake and rat. Organisms that obtain energy from the snake would be the ________________. First level consumer would be a rat. When the rat population would decrease____________________________ If the # of snakes increased the _______would decrease. If something destroyed the grass the __________________________________________ The producer in this food web is the _____________. Decomposer would be the __________________ competitive Owl or eagle the grass population would increase rats the rat population would be the first to decrease. grass mushroom

5. _______________are things that restrict the growth of a population. _____________are the first organisms to move into an ecosystem. Climax communities have __________________ If the mice population in an area increases noticeably in a few years then perhaps the_____________________________________ ____________________________________. Limiting Factors Pioneer Species stable stages of both plants and animals. mice’s main predator has been eliminated by human development

6. Tick is an example of a _______________. An increase in _______________ of food causes a decrease in the number of organisms that eat the same food. Lions in a pride who hunt together is an example of _________________________. An example of ________________ is when a Clownfish live among sea anemones for protection and shelter. The sea anemone feeds on predators of the clown fish. Fertilizer helps plants make their food; grasshoppers eat plants; rats eat grasshpoppers; fox eats rats; fox dies and bacteria uses it for food and breaks it down for fertilizer for the plant. This is an example of ____________________ Biotic means living and examples would be parasite competition cooperation mutualism Cycling of nutrients in a community Plants or animals

7. ______________ help prey populations by preventing overcrowding and starvation. Predators have relationships with prey; parasites have relationships with ___________. What would the above forest look like 20 years later when squirrels move into the area and gather acorns from one oak tree and hide them? Hermit crabs that live in shells that were abandoned by snails is an example of what type of relationship?______________________ Predation Host commensalism

8. Two populations with limited resources experience ________________________. If a rabbit population has increased noticeably in the past ten years. What could be a hypothesis for this population growth? _______________ ________________________ What is most responsible for the decay of dead organisms? _________ Bacteria nitrogen fixing bacteria is found on the ___________ of plant roots. What is the definition of evaporation? _______ _______________________________________ competition Main predator has been eliminated through human intervention Micro-organisms nodules where droplets of liquid water absorb energy and change into a gas state________________

9. _______________are the first organisms to move into an ecosystem. What is a major characteristic of climax communities Stable Population can change the make up of an ecosystem. Pioneer species