1.  Tone: speaker’s attitude toward the subject  Tone is created through diction (word choice)  Word choice is influenced by: › Denotation: dictionary definition of a word › Connotation: positive, negative, or neutral effect of a word  A word’s “color” or “vibe”

2.  Choose a person to write about. Then, determine whether you would like to portray that person in a positive or negative light.  Write a poem or paragraph based on one of the topics on the Word Choice Controls Tone sheet.

3.  An extended metaphor in which the characters, places, and objects in a narrative carry figurative meaning.  Types: › Historical and political allegory: Characters and actions represent historical people and events. › The allegory of ideas: The literary characters represent concepts, and the plot allegorizes an abstract doctrine or thesis.

4.  A passing reference, without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage.  They imply a fund of knowledge that is shared by an author and the particular audience for whom the author writes. Most literary allusions are intended to be recognized by the generally educated readers of the author’s time. (Abrams, A Glossary of Literary Terms)