1. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

2. Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia.

3. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

4. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency.

5. Problem Statement:

6. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

7. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. ABCDERow Total Row Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/2 1 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/2 1 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118

8. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

9. Brainstorms:

10. 60,000 tons by rail

11. Brainstorms: 60,000 tons by rail 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship

12. Brainstorms: 60,000 tons by rail 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship

13. Brainstorms: 60,000 tons by rail 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship

14. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

15. Evaluation: 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4% 5 2.17043.4% 52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8% 3 0.47415.8% 30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8% 4 0.71217.8% 50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2% 4 0.44811.2% 40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8% 2 0.23611.8% 10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo

16. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

17. Analysis: Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood

18. Analysis: Best Solution Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to the city

19. GE Project EDSGN 100 Section 8 Group 7 12/6/15 Objective: To design a cost-effective freight shipping system that reduces smog and meets EPA requirements, while maintaining or increasing freight capacity into Philadelphia. Definition of the Problem Space: Stakeholders: The primary stakeholders are the planning commission and the city residents. The secondary stakeholders are GE and EPA. Current System: Currently in Philadelphia, approximately 165,000 tons of freight and coal are shipped into the port city by train, truck, and boat from a 500 mile radius. There are 20 freight loads, 5 mineral and coal and 15 other, various freight. Last year, freight and coal entering the city of Philadelphia was shipped 81% by truck, 10% by rail, and 9% by ship. Smog, engine emitted NOx, is a major complaint from the public. Also, the Tier 2 locomotives are soon going to be required to meet the EPA Tier 3 requirements, which reduce NOx by 26% and particulate matter by 50%. For 2015, EPA has changed their standards to Tier 4 requirements which reduces NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70%. Multimodal System: Multi-modal transportation is the shipping of goods by two or more modes of transportation. The benefits to multi-modal transportation include faster transit of the freight, reduced congestion, lower costs, and reduction of the cost of exports. Creating a multimodal system allows freight to be distributed immediately within the system because all modes of transportation are available. We decided to place our multimodal system around an existing sea port because that will save construction costs. (Fig. 1) Costs: Trucking is the quickest and most expensive way to move freight and shipping is the most energy efficient when comparing ships and trucks. Retrofitting locomotives will cost the most, and buying new locomotives will save roughly 1.5 billion dollars, so we decided in the long run it would be best to buy new locomotives and sell the others. The trains will solely be used for moving the coal and minerals which make up 60,000 tons of the total freight per day, which will help cut down on the smog by upgrading to Tier 4 and not using only trains to transport 165,000 tons. The other 105,000 tons of freight will be shipped by a combination of ship and truck based on cost and emission efficiency. Specifications: A. Reduce NOx emissions by 76% and particulate matter by 70% B. Least costly combination of ship, truck, and rail in a multimodal system C. Maintain freight capacity of 165,000 tons per day D. Maintain positive public opinion; eliminate noise at locations greater than a 10 mile radius, decrease congestion (500 trucks on the road removed each year), jobs created, multimodal system visually organized E. Delivery time no longer than one more day. Pairwise Comparison: Analysis: Comparison of Ideas: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions Brainstorms: 52,500 tons by truck 52,500 tons by ship 35,000 tons by truck 70,000 tons by ship 17,500 tons by truck 87,500 tons by ship 26,250 tons by truck 78,750 tons by ship 60,000 tons by rail Multimodal System Deliveries distributed to city Evaluation: Weighted Selection Matrix Summary: Figure 1: Map location and map showing 500 mi radius of system. ABCDERow TotalRow Total/Total A 3233 11 0.434 B 1/3 2/321 4 0.158 C 1/21 1/2 1 4 1/2 0.178 D 1/3 1/21 1 2 5/6 0.112 E 1/31 2/31 3 0.118 1/2 By Truck1/3 By Truck1/4 By Truck1/5 By Truck 1/2 By Ship2/3 By Ship3/4 By Ship4/5 By Ship WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score WeightRank Weighted Score A43.4%52.1743.4%52.1743.4%52.17043.4%52.17 B15.8%40.63215.8%40.63215.8%30.47415.8%30.474 C17.8%30.53417.8%40.71217.8%40.71217.8%50.89 D11.2%30.33611.2%40.44811.2%40.44811.2%40.448 E11.8%40.47211.8%20.23611.8%20.23611.8%10.118 Total 4.14 4.20 4.04 4.10 Rank 2 1 4 3 Continue?NoYesNo The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports. Brainstorm 1Brainstorm 2Brainstorm 3Brainstorm 4 Cost1.1 B1.6 B1.3 B Emissions1.8 T lbs CO25.6 T lbs CO22.8 bs CO23.8 T lbs CO2 Public OpinionNegativePositiveNeutralPositive Throughput165,000 tons On Time DeliveryBadGoodOkayGood Best Solution:

20. Summary: Cost Effective Positive Public Opinion On Time Delivery Maintained Freight Capacity Reduced Emissions The benefits to a multimodal system are to decrease distribution costs, decrease congestion, increase on time delivery, and decrease the cost of exports.