2. A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas)

3. POET The poet is the author of the poem. SPEAKER The speaker of the poem is the “narrator” of the poem.

4. FORM - the appearance of the words on the page LINE - a group of words together on one line of the poem STANZA - a group of lines arranged together A word is dead When it is said, Some say. I say it just Begins to live That day.

5. A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern. When poets write in meter, they count out the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They repeat the pattern throughout the poem.

6. Unlike metered poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any repeating patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Does NOT have rhyme. Free verse poetry is very conversational - sounds like someone talking with you. A more modern type of poetry.

7. Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does NOT use end rhyme. from Julius Ceasar Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, It seems to me most strange that men should fear; Seeing that death, a necessary end, Will come when it will come.

8. Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. (A word always rhymes with itself.) LAMP STAMP á Share the short “a” vowel sound á Share the combined “mp” consonant sound

9. A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line Hector the Collector Collected bits of string. Collected dolls with broken heads And rusty bells that would not ring.

10. A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. From “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe

11. A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)

12. The Germ by Ogden Nash A mighty creature is the g erm, Though smaller than the pachyd erm. His customary dwelling pl ace Is deep within the human r ace. His childish pride he often pl eases By giving people strange dis eases. Do you, my poppet, feel inf irm ? You probably contain a g erm. aabbccaaaabbccaa

13. Words that imitate the sound they are naming OR sounds that imitate another sound KABOOM! Kaboom! Ka-blast Way in the past the miners mined for ore. They searched for copper, iron and salt, for that and much, much more.

14.  Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words If P eter P iper p icked a p eck of p ickled p eppers, how many p ickled p eppers did P eter P iper p ick?

15.  Similar to alliteration EXCEPT...  The repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the words “ s ilken, s ad, un c ertain, ru s tling.. “

16.  Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. (Often creates near rhyme.) LakeFateBaseFade (All share the long “a” sound.)

17. Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” - John Masefield - Life it seems will fade away Drifting further every day Getting lost within myself Nothing matters, no one else - Metallica

18.  A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem. “Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’”

19.  An expression where the literal meaning of the words is not the meaning of the expression. It means something other than what it actually says. It cost me an arm and a leg. Very expensive. A large amount of money. Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining. Be optimistic, even difficult times will lead to better days.

21.  A comparison of two things using “like, as than,” or “resembles.”  “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

22.  A direct comparison of two unlike things  “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely players.” - William Shakespeare

23. Exaggeration often used for emphasis.  They ran like greased lightning  He's got tons of money  Her brain is the size of a pea  He is older than the hills

24. Understatement - basically the opposite of hyperbole. Often it is ironic. "That [sword] was not useless / to the warrior now." (Beowulf) Meaning…."The sword was useful."

25. An animal, or an object given human-like qualities Fear knocked on the door. Faith answered. There was no one there." (proverb quoted by Christopher Moltisanti, The Sopranos ) "Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie." (slogan on a package of Oreo cookies)

26. When a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else. Lamb = Innocence Eagle =America Dove = Peace

27. Allusion comes from the verb “allude” which means “to refer to” An allusion is a reference to something famous. "Christy didn't like to spend money. She was no Scrooge, but she seldom purchased anything except the bare necessities".

28. Language that appeals to the senses. Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell. then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather... from “Those Winter Sundays”