1. Bellwork  Please take out your MAIN Foldables from Friday. Review the MAIN causes.  Absent? Please get a piece of paper form the back and use a table member’s foldable as a model.

2. WWI The Spark!

3. MAIN Causes of WWI Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

4. Militarism  The glorification of the military build-up of sophisticated armies and navies.  Caused mainly by the competition over colonies and protection of those territories.

5. Alliances  Alliance: An agreement between 2 or more countries where each will defend each other if attacked.  Supposed to be a deterrent for war.  If you attack me you have to fight them also.

6. Imperialism  Great Britain (GB), France, Germany, Russia, & Italy  All 5 competed over Africa, Asia/India, and the Caribbean/South America.  Disputes over boundaries and natural resources  Resulted in small conflicts, bitter feelings, and aggressive attitudes.  Made a military build up necessary.  Bottom line: It was all about the Money and the Power!

8. Nationalism  Pride and devotion towards one’s own Country or Heritage.  Competition over money, land, military, resources, etc. through:  Imperialism  Industrial Revolution  Smaller countries/groups fed off of this growing nationalism to help their causes (gain independence):  Serbia, Austria-Hungary

9. Triple Alliance  Bismarck was fearful of France  In 1882, Otto von Bismarck from Germany formed an alliance with Austria-Hungary  Italy joined in this alliance and it became know as the Triple Alliance.  Wilhelm forced Bismarck to resign

10. Triple Entente  In 1890 France, who was fearful of the Triple Alliance formed an alliance with Russia  1904 Great Britain also joined to form an alliance known as the Triple Entente.  Russian also had an alliance with Serbia.  This split Europe in half

12. Crisis in the Balkans  Austria-Hungary (A-H) contained a large number of Slavic people.  These Slavs envisioned an empire of their own.  Serbia supported this and pushed for a Slavic nation called Yugoslavia.  A-H was not willing to split its Empire

13. The Balkans  Austria-Hungary (A-H) contained a large number of Slavic people.  These Slavs envisioned an empire of their own.  Serbia supported this and pushed for a Slavic nation called Yugoslavia.  A-H was not willing to split its Empire

15. The Spark!  Archduke Franz Ferdinand & wife Sophie - heirs to the throne in A-H  Visit to Sarajevo – shot to death: June 28, 1914

18. The Ultimatum  Assassination organized by the “Black Hand” (secret society) – Gavrilo Princip (Serbian)  A-H gave Serbia an ultimatum with several conditions (with the support of Germany)  Serbia did not agree to all of them  Austria used this as an excuse to declare war

19. Declaration of War  July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia  Russia jumped in to support Serbia  England, Italy, & Germany urged A-H to negotiate with Russia, but it was too late!

20. Alliances Lead to War  Russia had to defend Serbia or risk losing the support of the Balkan Region. So it began to Mobilize.  Germany demanded Russia to step down, but Russia knew they had the backing of France.  On August 1, 1914 Germany declared war on Russia, & 2 days later on France.  Germany began an offensive against France by going through Belgium (a neutral country).  This angered G.B. and on August 4, 1914 they declared war on Germany.

21. Two Sides Face Off  Central Powers: Germany, Austria- Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria  Called the central powers because of the location of Germany & A-H in Europe  Allied Powers: France, Great Britain, Russia, Japan, Italy and the U.S. will join later

22. Mark the Text  Number the paragraphs  Circle names of people, places and dates.  Highlight or box any unfamiliar words.  Underline the author’s claims, points, and relevant information.

23. Text Dependent Questions  What day is “engraved deeply in the heart of every Serb”? Why?  Why were the Serbs so angry with Ferdinand?  Who threw the grenade that did not kill the Archduke?  Why did the Austrian commander want the Archduke to leave?  Describe Princip’s attack on the Archduke and his wife in your own words.  How was Gavrilo Princip captured?  How did those near the scene treat Princip?