ABSOLUTISM  What are the rights of a citizen?  What are the responsibilities of the government?  How are they different?

ABSOLUTISM AND ENLIGHTENMENT European Government and Society

EUROPE IN THE 1600S

ABSOLUTISM IN EUROPE  A form of government in which: The leaders are monarchs (kings and queens) They have absolute or total control over the country. This may also be referred to as “totalitarian” government or regime.

 Fought lots of wars. Wanted to expand French territory.  No religious toleration Only Catholicism Revoked the Edict of Nantes which gave Calvinist Protestants (Huguenots) rights. FRANCE Louis XIV

 Raised taxes on Peasants  Made the Palaces of Versailles the residence of the Royal family  Believed in the Divine Right of Kings FRANCE Louis XIV

 Czar (Tsar)  Romanov family  Wanted to Westernize Russia Travelled abroad to learn about the latest trades, techniques and technology. RUSSIA Peter the Great

 Secular Worldly; not as religious Took over Russian Orthodox Church  Not democratic Didn’t free serfs (slaves) Didn’t make gov’t more open. RUSSIA Peter the Great

 Frederick I Created a New Gov’t. Created a New State w/ New Laws. More open than Russia. PRUSSIA The Hohenzollerns

 Military is center of Prussian Society  Ruler has tremendous power  Russia and France rely on local officials for governing. PRUSSIA Hohenzollern Castle Society and Government

 Enemies with Prussia  Eventually all of Europe is involved in conflict between the two countries. The Seven Years War (originated in North America as the French and Indian War)  Her father passes the Pragmatic Sanction allowing her to become ruler of the Austrian Empire. Pragmatic sanction is an edict that ensured that hereditary (family) possessions could be inherited by a daughter. AUSTRIA The Habsburgs Maria Theresa

 King Head of the Church of England  Parliament Congress- lawmakers *England is the first sort of democratic country in Europe ENGLAND Constitutional Monarchy