Anatomy of Cranial Nerves. Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Cranial Nerves Special Sense Nerves I,II,VIII Somatic Motor Nerves Eye—III,IV,VI.

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy of Cranial Nerves

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Cranial Nerves Special Sense Nerves I,II,VIII Somatic Motor Nerves Eye—III,IV,VI Tongue--XII “Rest of body” nerves IX,X,XI Face and jaws VII, V

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Head I: Skull—a framework to hang on Overall organization of skull Base of the skull—the hard part Developmental view Cranial nerves out (to “targets”) Head II: Throat targets Head III: Special Sense targets Head IV: Cranial nerves in depth

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Nerve “targets” in head SENSORY SpecialGeneral Smellskin Visionteeth Hearingeye tongue oral cavity nasal cavity middle ear throat meninges MOTOR MusclesGlands eyessalivary extrinsicsweat intrinsiclacrimal jawsmucous facial expression larynx tongue throat ear

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Base of the skull—cranial nerves out Ethmoid (olfactory) I. Olfactory Sphenoid (optic) II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear VI. Abducens Temporal (otic) VII. Acoustic/Auditory/ Vestibulocochlear Face/Jaws V. Trigeminal VII. Facial Throat (rest of body) IX Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Spinal Accessory XII. Hypoglosal

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Special Sense Nerves Internal auditory meatus (temporal) Inner earVIII. Auditory Optic canal (sphenoid) RetinaII. Optic Cribiform plate (ethmoid) Olfactory epithelium I. Olfactory EXIT FROM CRANIAL CAVITY TARGETNERVE

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves M&M, Table 14.3

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves Somatic Motor Nerves (eye muscles and tongue) EXIT CR. CAVITYTARGETNERVE Hypoglossal canal (occipital) Intrinsic, extrinsic mm. of tongue XII. Hypoglossal “Sup.,med.,inf.rectus Inferior Oblique Levator palpebrae superioris III. Oculomotor (Also parasympathetic to ciliary mm, constrictor pupillae) “Lateral rectusVI. Abducens Sup. Orbital fissure (sphenoid) Superior oblique m. (with trochlea) IV. Trochlear

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves

“Rest of body” nerves (all exit from jugular foramen)

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves

VII: Facial Nerve (exits cranial cavity with VIII--internal auditory meatus) Facial muscles (five branches fan out over face from stylomastoid foramen) Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical “chorda tympani” (crosses interior ear drum to join V 3 ) Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue Submandibular, sublingual salivary glands Lacrimal glands

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves

V: Trigeminal (3 nerves in 1!) V1. Ophthalmic Exits with eye muscle group (superior orbital fissure, through orbit to superior orbital notch/foramina) Sensory to forehead, nasal cavity V2. Maxillary Exits foramen rotundum through wall of maxillary sinus to inferior orbital foramina) Sensory to cheek, upper lip, teeth, nasal cavity V3. Mandibular Exits foramen ovale to mandibular foramen to mental foramen Motor to jaw muscles--Masseter, temporalis, pterygoids, digastric Sensory to chin Sensory to tongue

Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves