Know the formulae of common acids and bases. State that an acid releases H + ions in aqueous solution. State that common bases are metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia. State that an alkali is a soluble base that releases OH – ions in aqueous solution. Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original

State that a salt is produced when the H + ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or NH 4 +. Describe the reactions of an acid with carbonates, bases and alkalis, to form a salt. Understand that a base readily accepts H + ions from an acid. Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original

Explain the terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation. Calculate the formula of a hydrated salt using percentage composition, mass composition or experimental data. Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original

Apparatus for the determination of water of crystallisation Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original

Assign oxidation numbers to atoms in elements, compounds and ions. Use a Roman numeral to indicate oxidation states. Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original

Describe oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer and oxidation number. Recognise that metals form positive ions by losing electrons, with an increase in oxidation number. Recognise that non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons, with a decrease in oxidation number. Describe redox reactions of metals with either dilute hydrochloric or dilute sulfuric acid. Interpret and make predictions from redox equations in terms of oxidation numbers and electron loss/gain. Week 3 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original