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Augmented and Diminished Intervals

▪If a perfect or a major interval is made a half step LARGER (without changing the numerical name), it becomes AUGMENTED – Abbreviated with a + ▪If a perfect or minor interval is made a half step smaller (without changing the numerical name) it becomes DIMINISHED – Abbreviated with a °

Augmented and Diminished Intervals ▪Relationships: Smaller Larger Diminished minor major augmented Diminished perfect augmented There is NO SUCH THING as a diminished unison. A TRITONE is a +4 or °5

Augmented and Diminished Intervals Practice ▪

Interval Inversions

Inversion of Intervals ▪Descending intervals, especially large ones, are often easier to spell and identify through the use of interval inversion ▪You invert an interval by putting the bottom pitch above the top one – For example, the interval D-A inverts to A-D

Inversion of Intervals ▪When you invert an interval, the new numerical name is always different from the old one. You can calculate it by subtracting the old numerical name from 9 – Unison inverts to an Octave – Seconds invert to Sevenths – Thirds invert to Sixths – Fourths invert to Fifths

Inversion of Intervals ▪The modifier also changes when an interval is inverted (with the exception of perfect intervals ▪OLD Modifier: m M P ° + ▪NEW Modifier: M m P + °

Inversion of Intervals Practice ▪M6? ▪m2? ▪+5? ▪m7? ▪°3? ▪P4? ▪°2? ▪+7?

Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

▪Consonant = pleasing to the ear ▪Dissonant = not pleasing to the ear ▪Some of the most exciting moments in tonal music involve dissonance, which is certainly not displeasing in that context, but the dissonances resolve eventually to consonance (which gives them meaning.) ▪For now, it is suffice to say that major and minor 3rds and 6ths and perfect 5ths and octaves are CONSONANT – Major and Minor seconds and sevenths are DISSONANT – The Perfect 4 th is generally consonant UNLESS it occurs above the lowest voice – then it’s DISSONANT.

Consonant and Dissonant Intervals Practice ▪Consonant = pleasing to the ear ▪Dissonant = not pleasing to the ear ▪Listen to the following – is it consonant or dissonant?

Assignment ▪Complete the worksheet for homework