DOROTHEA DIX by: adaline smith

DOROTHEA DIX Dorothea Dix was an educator and social reformer whose devotion to the welfare of the mentally ill led to widespread international reforms.

BIOGRAPHY  born April 4 th, 1802 in Hampden, Maine  her mother> mentally ill//father was an alcoholic – moved in with her grandmother 12 years  in 1816, at the age of14 she founded a successful school in Worcester, she taught there for 3 years  At age 19 she opened another school for girls in Boston in 1821  Dorothea published 5 books between  In 1841 she started a Sunday school class in the East Cambridge, Massachusetts, jail  In 1861 she worked for the Union army, recruited 2000 women, and became superintendent of Union army nurses  Dorothea died on July 17, 1887 at age 82 in Trenton NJ, in a hospital that SHE founded

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS  most effective advocate of humanitarian reform in American mental institutions,  From 1824 to 1829 she published five books.  During the Civil War she was an army nurse.  She has her own stamp with her picture on it  She investigated state of Massachusetts and received funds for Worcester State Hospital  She worked for better living conditions in jails and poorhouses  Dorothea Dix founded 32 mental hospitals, 15 schools, 1 school for the blind  assisted in founding hospitals and libraries  Superintendent of Union Army Nurses in Civil War

IMPORTANT QUOTES “I come to present the strong claims of suffering humanity. I come to place before the Legislature of Massachusetts the condition of the miserable, the desolate, the outcast. I come as the advocate of helpless, forgotten, insane men and women; of beings sunk to a condition from which the unconcerned world would start with real horror.” “Man is not made better by being degraded; he is seldom restrained from crime by harsh measures, except the principle of fear predominates in his character; and then he is never made radically better for its influence.”

IMPACT OF DOROTHEA DIX  She fought for improvement of jails and care for the mentally ill throughout Massachusetts  She asked the legislature for reforms to end the inhumane conditions of the mentally ill  Her work discussed reforms she wanted to implement such as including the education of prisoners and the separation of various types of offenders  Dix investigated mental institutions in Russia, France, Turkey and Scotland

DOROTHEA DIX HOSPITAL

QUIZ QUESTIONS How did Dorothea Dix improve the conditions of the mentally ill? A.She made them into professional clowns B.She fought for them to be put in an insane asylum and not be jailed C.She became a nurse to help them D.She conducted a study on them

QUIZ QUESTIONS Dorothea Dix was a … A.engineer B.social reformer C.educator D.B and C

QUIZ QUESTIONS Dorothea Dix tried to improve the conditions of … A.the government B.the education system C.the mentally ill D.jail systems

QUIZ QUESTIONS Dorothea Dix founded ___ hospitals for the mentally ill. A.22 B.37 C.43 D.32

QUIZ QUESTIONS What was Dorothea Dix’s devotion?