1 The Re-Physicalization of Physics by Albrecht Giese Hamburg, Germany Puebla The Re-Physicalization of Physics

2 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: General Relativity Example: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics 2 ‘

3 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: General Relativity Example: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics 3 ‘

4  Quantum Gravity String theory?   solutions  Cosmological constants:  Uni-(Multi)verses necessary?  Inflation: Increase of scale by   Gravity: Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Pioneer anomaly L. Susskind (2006): Present physics is at a dead end to such an extend, that we ought to go back  2500 years – before Aristotle and start again from the beginning! Problems of Present Physics The Re-Physicalization of Physics 4 ‘

5 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: General Relativity Example: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics 5 ‘

6 Newton's Law of Motion: Newton's Gravity: Galileo's Free Fall: Reductionism Physical Description Physical Description – is physical law for Layer 0  Physical Description – is physical law for Layer -1 Einstein?   ?    ? Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 The Re-Physicalization of Physics ‘    ?

7 Reductionism truncated Theory of Relativity Relativity Principle Equivalence Principle Origin of Relativity   X Quantum Theory Particle-Wave-Dualism Vacuum Fluctuations … Origin of Particle-Wave True structure of particles   X The Re-Physicalization of Physics   ? Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 Einstein:Heisenberg et al.: X ! ‘ 7

8 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: General Relativity Example: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics 8 ‘

/structure 9 c1c1 c2c2 c 1 > c 2 Fermat: The Principle of minimum time ‘ The Re-Physicalization of Physics 9   =   

10 Superposition of waves Minimum time Reductionism for Fermat Fermat’s Principle Huygen’s Principle  Interaction of photons with matter Electromagnetism      Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 The Re-Physicalization of Physics 10 We can understand the way down from Fermat to Electromagnetism as a way from a principle to Physical Reality ‘

11 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: General Relativity Example: Origin of Mass The Re-Physicalization of Physics 11 ‘

12 Reductionism applied for Special Relativity   Relativity Theory: Lorentz Transformation Contraction of fields Slow down of oscillations Structure of fields Structure of elementary particles   The Re-Physicalization of Physics   Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 Einstein:Reality physics ‘ 12 Galilei-transformation (i=1..3) Extended Galilei-transformation (i=0..3; x 0 =ct) (c‘=c; Relativity Principle) Lorentz Transformation using  Structure of sub-particles …   Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 Layer -3  Einstein has interpreted this result as a change of space and time X 

13 The Elements of Special Relativity Contraction Dilation Increase of Mass Energy-Mass Relation ‘ The Re-Physicalization of Physics Lorentz Structure of matter Origin of mass 13

14 Contraction: Contraction of fields  of objects was given by Hendrik Lorentz - is a general property of all kinds of fields - ‘ 14 The Re-Physicalization of Physics

15 Internal oscillation causes ‘matter waves’ frequency: Structure of an Elementary Particle: History of the internal motion ‘ 1908: J. Ziegler Motion at c within an ‘atom’ The Re-Physicalization of Physics 1924: L. de Broglie 1928: P. Dirac Relativistic QM-function of the electron: 1930: E. Schrödinger Evaluation of the Dirac Function: c zitterbewegung ‘ 15

16 “Zitterbewegung” (Schrödinger) Completed  Structure of an Elementary Particle: ‘ No conflict with the electron experiments (de Broglie 1924 ) (Dirac / Schrödinger 1928/30) (Relativity) (Momentum law) orbit (Spin, mag. moment) The Re-Physicalization of Physics 16

17 Dilation: ‘ 17 The Re-Physicalization of Physics

18 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: Origin of Mass Example: General Relativity The Re-Physicalization of Physics 18 ‘

/rmass 19 The Origin of Mass: Bind of the Basic Particles ‘ The Re-Physicalization of Physics 19

/rmass 20 Bind of the Basic Particles ‘ F rr rr F The Re-Physicalization of Physics 20

/rmass 21 The Mass Equation The Basic Particle Model : Origin of Mass ‘ The classical magnetic moment:    Or both equations combined: = Bohr magneton in case of the electron universally valid for all elem. particles Radius R computed from the magnetic moment  and then inserted above  the correct mass m universal for all elem. particles! The Re-Physicalization of Physics 21 ‘

/rmass 22 Mass and Increase of Mass Relativity: Origin of Mass ‘ Relativistic increase of mass: From  Spin: Classical angular momentum  Putting the object to motion:    The Re-Physicalization of Physics 22

23 The Origin of Mass Existing Models ‘ The Re-Physicalization of Physics 23 Higgs Boson Higgs Model Basic Particle Model Vacuum fluctuations Higgs Boson

24 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: Origin of Mass Example: General Relativity The Re-Physicalization of Physics 24 ‘

25 Equivalence Principle: Mass  Energy Gravity  Acceleration Reductionism for General Relativity  Schwarzschild-Equation Slow down of ‘c’  Contraction of fields Slow down of oscillations Interaction of Basic Particles with the Strong Field   The Re-Physicalization of Physics   Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 Einstein: Reality physics ‘ 25  (spherical field)  Structure of sub-particles …   Layer 0 Layer -1 Layer -2 Layer -3  Einstein has interpreted this result as a change of space and time Einstein EquationSchwarzschild-Equation X 

/gravity 26 The Shapiro-Experiment:   ‘ c c P=1/2 or 1 depending on direction The Re-Physicalization of Physics 26 Einstein‘s view: this is a seeming reduction of c

/gravity 27 The gravitational field of the sun: The application of classical refraction yields for the vertex: ‘ Now: Acceleration at rest!! P=1/2 or 1 depending on direction The Re-Physicalization of Physics Integrating deflection  from –  to +  yields: 1.75 arcsec …. with Newton: 0.88 arcsec  27 This was the great breakthrough for Einstein in 1919 (Solar eclipse)!! Einstein‘s view: the path ís straight but the space is curved

/gravity 28 Elementary Particle in a Gravitational Field (with Vertical Axis): ‘ Gravit. Source c c No dependency of the mass! The Re-Physicalization of Physics 28

/gravity 29 Why is ‘c’ reduced? Average speed < c ‘ Reduction of c independent of Radius  independent of mass --> by the perturbed path of a light-like particle The Re-Physicalization of Physics 29 Force is the Strong Force This solves Quantum Gravity!

/gravity 30 Deflection quantitatively ‘ Deflection (cross speed) depends on original rate, entropy, distance distance original rate entropy (number of sources) Single deflections add on in a statistical manner: Cross speed Now the reduction of ‘c’: The Re-Physicalization of Physics 30

/gravity 31 Deflection quantitatively (2) ‘ Conforms to Einstein / Schwarzschild (except for N) The Re-Physicalization of Physics 31

/gravity 32 Changes of space and time? ‘ T = Period time In the gravitational field the quantities change to: (from experiments) 32 The Re-Physicalization of Physics

/gravity 33 (with, and reordered) The way to Schwarzschild ‘ Special relativity: (from Lorentz transformation) (if mult. by (dt/d  ) 2 ) (transformed to polar co-ordinates) Gravity ON: with (Schröder 9.16) The Re-Physicalization of Physics 33

34 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: Origin of Mass Example: General Relativity The Re-Physicalization of Physics 34 ‘

35 Contents  Problems of Present Physics  Changing to Reality Physics  Historical Background of the present paradigm General: Reductionism Example: Fermat’s Principle Example: Special Relativity Example: Origin of Mass Example: General Relativity The Re-Physicalization of Physics 35 ‘

36 A specific German grammar-school called “Humanistic Gymnasium” was standard for intelligent young people until the middle of 20th century It was mainly related to the ancient Greek philosophy Plato Aristotle … and the ability for abstract thinking meant a high value The Re-Physicalization of Physics 36 ‘

37 The structural world of Plato: ‘ Newton: F out = F in The Re-Physicalization of Physics F out Plato: Circuit is structural rule W. Heisenberg: “Quantum mechanics can only be correct if it conforms to the structure ideas of Plato” F in 37

38 The point of abstraction: ‘ The Re-Physicalization of Physics  Object-related: There are apples  Abstraction-related: There is an application of the number of 10 10! Einstein has learned at school: A person is higher-minded if abstraction-related 38 Einstein was impressed by the “Beauty of the GR-Formalism”

39 Which way to develop physics? The Re-Physicalization of Physics 39 ‘ Present Paradigm: Following Plato, Heisenberg, Bohr … to argue with Symmetries and Principles Original Paradigm: Following Newton, Lorentz, deBroglie … to investigate Processes in Detail

/gravity 40 The End ‘ 40 The Re-Physicalization of Physics